风湿免疫性疾病常导致肾脏损害，临床表现形式多样且病情复杂，从轻微的蛋白尿到严重的肾小球肾炎，甚至肾功能衰竭，对患者预后和生活质量造成重大影响。由于肾损害往往起病隐匿，早期诊断和干预至关重要，开发无创生物标志物的需求十分迫切。该类疾病病理机制常涉及多系统，因此风湿科和肾脏科专家的多学科协作显得尤为重要。本文探讨了风湿免疫性疾病相关肾损害的发病机制、诊治策略，强调多学科合作在疾病管理中的重要性。随着新型靶向药物的开发应用和精准医学的发展，未来有望更好地控制疾病进展，保护肾功能并提高患者生活质量。

Rheumatic autoimmune diseases often lead to kidney injury, presenting diverse manifestation and complex conditions, ranging from mild proteinuria to severe glomerulonephritis and even renal failure, which has significant impact on patient’s prognosis and quality of life. Because renal damage often has an insidious onset, early diagnosis and intervention are crucial, and development of non-invasive biomarkers is urgently needed. The pathological mechanisms of the disease often involve multiple system; multidisciplinary collaboration including rheumatologists and nephrologists is crucial. The continuous development of biomarkers has made earlier detection and intervention of the disease, bringing new hope for improving patient prognosis. This article discusses the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment strategies of renal damage associated with rheumatic autoimmune diseases, emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in disease management. Through precise immunotherapy, appropriate drug adjustments, and kidney protection strategies, the disease can be effectively controlled, and kidney damage can be alleviated and the quality of life of patients will be improved in the future.