Pathogenesis and Management Principles of Extraintestinal Manifestations in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Abstract

Abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic relapsing inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases, including Crohn′s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Approximately 30%-50% of IBD patients develop extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs), which affect multiple organs such as the musculoskeletal, skin, eyes, and hepatobiliary systems. The occurrence of some EIMs parallels the activity of IBD inflammation, while others may progress independently. The pathogenesis of EIMs involves multiple factors, including genetic susceptibility, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, and immune dysregulation. The diagnosis and management of EIMs require multidisciplinary team (MDT) collaboration. EIMs associated with IBD activity can be alleviated by controlling the underlying IBD, while EIM with independent progression requires individualized treatment strategies according to its pathogenesis. In addition to conventional treatments, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitors are core biologics suitable for the treatment of most EIMs. In the future, precision diagnosis, personalized treatment, and multidisciplinary collaboration will be key directions in EIMs research.

Key words: Inflammatory bowel disease, Extraintestinal manifestation, multidisciplinary team collaboration, Personalized diagnosis and treatment

CLC Number:

R574

CAO Zhijun, LU Juntao. Pathogenesis and Management Principles of Extraintestinal Manifestations in Inflammatory Bowel Disease[J]. Journal of Internal Medicine Concepts & Practice.

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