Objective To observe whether vitamin D level is related to changes of blood pressure in the patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods A total of 120 patients (62 male and 58 female) with chronic kidney disease [age, 18-80(55.22±14.33) years] were enrolled. The patients were divided into 3 groups based on their vitamin D concentration, including very low vitamin D group (≤20 mg/L), low vitamin D group (21-29 mg/L) and vitamin D sufficient group (≥30 mg/L). The clinical data and blood pressure of 3 groups were compared, and the correlation between vitamin D concentration and each variable was analyzed. Results The levels of 24-h systolic blood pressure, 24-h diastolic blood pressure, daytime systolic blood pressure, daytime systolic blood pressure, nocturnal systolic blood pressure, and nocturnal diastolic blood pressure in very low vitamin D group (n=40) and low group (n=45) were higher than those in vitamin D sufficient group(n=35)（all P<0.05）, but the dropping rate of blood pressure at night in two groups were lower than the vitamin D sufficient group. It showed that vitamin D level had negative linear correlation with calcium concentration（r=-0.259, P=0.026）, 24-h systolic blood pressure（r=-0.657, P=0.036）, 24-h diastolic blood pressure, nocturnal diastolic blood pressure（r=-0.203, P=0.000）, nocturnal systolic blood pressure（r=-0.198, P=0.000）.However, vitamin D level was positively correlated with the dropping rate of blood pressure at night. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that vitamin D was a risk factor for the development of nocturnal hypertension in the patients with chronic kidney disease(P=0.037). As serum vitamin D levels decreased, the dropping rate of nocturnal hypertension decreased. Conclusions In the patients with chronic kidney disease,vitamin D level was negatively correlated with 24-h systolic blood pressure, 24-h diastolic blood pressure, nocturnal systolic blood pressure, and nocturnal diastolic blood pressure, but it was positively correlated with the dropping rate of blood pressure at night.