Objective To evaluate the ability of general practice residents in diagnosing and treating hypertension and managing chronic diseases, identify existing deficiencies, and provide a basis for improving standardized training. Methods A questionnaire survey and assessment on hypertension-related knowledge were conducted among 34 general practice residents participating in standardized training at our hospital. The assessment covered five aspects: hypertension diagnosis, risk stratification, conditions for community referral, follow-up requirements, blood pressure management and non-pharmacological interventions. The influence of different factors on the assessment results was analyzed, including gender, year of rotation, and participation in rotation training in hypertension-related departments. Results The overall pass rate for the assessment among the 34 general practice residents was 76.5%. However, only 23.5% of the residents met the passing criteria in the blood pressure management and non-pharmacological interventions section, and the mean score (12.18±1.42) was significantly lower than the diagnostic criteria (14.24±1.69), risk stratification (15.00±3.79), community referral (14.00±3.48) and follow-up (13.65±3.17) (F=4.441, P=0.002). There was no significant difference between different genders, rotation years and related departments. Conclusions General practice residents have already acquired basic professional skills in the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension, but showed significant deficiencies in chronic disease management, particularly in non-pharmacological interventions. General practitioners still need further training and improvement on long-term chronic disease management and comprehensive intervention strategy to better serve for community and patients.