关键词: 中面部解剖, &emsp, 衰老, &emsp, 面部韧带退化, &emsp, 面部提升术, &emsp, 年轻化

Abstract: The anatomical layers of the midface are primarily divided into five layers： skin， subcutaneous tissue， SMAS layer， muscles， and bone. With aging， the midfacial skeleton gradually undergoes resorption； Muscle strength weakens and remains in a persistent hypertonic state； Deep fat atrophies， and superficial fat descends； Facial ligaments degenerate and undergo fibrosis； The skin loses moisture， elasticity decreases， wrinkles form， pigmentation increases， and dryness ensues. These complex anatomical layers interact， collectively leading to the outward appearance of midfacial aging. In response to midfacial aging and soft tissue descent， various facelift techniques have been continuously developed. Skin and subcutaneous tissue lifts are suitable for mild skin laxity； SMAS-layer lifting plays a central role in facial lifting surgery， forming a variety of classic SMAS lift techniques and minimally invasive methods； Deep plane lifting， which involves releasing the deep tissues beneath the SMAS layer， provides lasting rejuvenation effects， but with increased surgical complexity and risk.

Key words: Midfacial anatomy, &emsp, Aging, &emsp, Facial ligament degeneration, &emsp, Facelift surgery, &emsp, Rejuvenation