Abstract: Foreign body giant cell (Foreign body giant cell, FBGC) is a prominent cell type formed after the implantation of biomedical materials. It is formed by the fusion of macrophages. It is a hallmark histological feature in chronic inflammation caused by persistent microbial infection or non-phagocytosis of foreign bodies. FBGC is related to the degradation and failure of implanted biomaterials, and is the key cell of foreign body reaction. Controlling the formation of FBGC is considered the key to preventing implantation failure. Therefore, FBGC has always been a research hotspot. Although the molecular mechanism that promotes the adhesion and development of macrophages and supports the formation of FBGC has not yet been elucidated, many mediating factors affecting its formation have also been discovered. In this paper, the relevant domestic and foreign literatures from the three aspects of FBGC formation process, structure and function, and influencing factors were summarized to further understand the mechanism of foreign body giant cell formation and provide enlightenment for finding other possible mediating factors.

Key words: Foreign body giant cell, Formation process, Structure function, Influencing factors