As one of the most critical tissues in the body， skeletal muscle plays a vital role in physiological functions such as

locomotion. However， volumetric muscle loss （VML）， which exceeds the innate regenerative capacity of the body， often leads to permanent functional disorders， making it a key focus in regenerative medicine. In recent years，3D bioprinting has garnered significant attention in VML repair due to its ability to fabricate biomimetic constructs with high precision. Current research primarily focuses on developing biocompatible hydrogel-based bioinks， often supplemented with functional components to better align with tissue regeneration processes. Despite these advancements， numerous challenges remain in translating this technology into clinical applications. This review systematically summarizes recent progress in 3D bioprinting for skeletal muscle tissue engineering， highlighting widely used printing techniques and bioink formulations. Furthermore， it provides an in-depth discussion on the potential of hydrogel-based biomaterials in repairing VML， offering valuable theoretical insights for bioprinting-based therapeutic strategies

Skeletal muscle, Volumetric muscle loss, Tissue engineering, 3D bioprinting, Tissue regeneration