Abstract：In 2025, military powers led by the United States and Russia have continued to advance the upgrade and modernization of in-service air-to-air missiles (AAM) while accelerating the development of next-generation variants, with emphasis on enhancing long-range strike, network-centric coordination, and intelligent combat capabilities. This paper first reviews the latest developments in AAM programs across the United States, Russia, Israel, South Korea and Europe from the perspective of evolving operational scenarios and employment modes, covering missile variant progress, technological breakthroughs, operational testing and validation, and deployment trends. Secondly, detailed analysis is conducted on representative systems including the AIM-260A, AIM-174B, R-77M, R-37M, and Meteor missiles. Finally, development characteristics are summarized from the dimensions of kill chain closure, combat radius extension, platform coordination, and system integration, with prospects on future trends such as intelligent collaboration and cross-domain lethality, aiming to provide references for understanding the evolution patterns of air combat equipment and assessing confrontation paradigms.
夏晓靖, 唐楚淳, 杨闯, 桑晨, 惠文智. 2025年国外空空导弹发展回顾[J]. 空天防御, 2026, 9(2): 105-115.
XIA Xiaojing, TANG Chuchun, YANG Chuang, SANG Chen, HUI Wenzhi. Review of Foreign Air-to-Air Missiles Development in 2025. Air & Space Defense, 2026, 9(2): 105-115.
