Abstract：The 2025 aerial combat engagements, exemplified by the India-Pakistan, Iran-Israel, and Thailand-Cambodia conflicts, demonstrate the evolutionary trajectory and victory mechanisms of modern air combat. This paper systematically analyzes these cases across four dimensions: operational context, conflict progression, technological characteristics, and tactical implications. The India-Pakistan air combat reveals that system-of-systems integration capabilities have surpassed individual platform performance as the primary determinant of air combat outcomes, with electromagnetic spectrum superiority emerging as the new commanding height. Meanwhile, the Iran-Israel and Thailand-Cambodia conflicts illustrate that technological disparities can create a battlefield of unilateral transparency, where disadvantaged forces employing asymmetric countermeasures can substantially increase adversaries' operational costs. Future air power development must seek a balance aligned with strategic needs among pursuing cutting-edge breakthroughs, reinforcing system-of-systems integration, maintaining parity between offense and defense, and developing low-cost asymmetric capabilities.
周俊忠, 张超飞, 孙巩浩, 田科源, 杨艺. 2025年典型空中作战战例回顾[J]. 空天防御, 2026, 9(2): 116-123.
ZHOU Junzhong, ZHANG Chaofei, SUN Gonghao, TIAN Keyuan, YANG Yi. Review of Typical Air Combat Cases in 2025. Air & Space Defense, 2026, 9(2): 116-123.
