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| Model and Method for Radar Detection and Estimation of Low-Angle Targets With the Aid of Digital Geographic Information |
| ZHAO Chunlei， HE Minkang， ZHAO Chanjuan， YE Zhou， FAN Wanhua |
| Shanghai Aerospace Electronic Technology Institute， Shanghai 201109， China |
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Abstract Reliable detection and accurate measurement of low-angle targets are major challenges for ground-based air-defense radar. While the digitalization of ground-based information systems and phased array radar, exploiting environmental information as a priori and combining advanced models/algorithms brings the potential to improve. To that end, the paper established a structural model of the array receiving data by precisely formulating the propagation path of multipath echoes from low-angle targets using the digital elevation information provided by the Geographic Information System (GIS). With the aid of the spatial and intensity distribution of scatters, heuristic optimization was employed to optimize the side lobe of the beam pattern, which improved the signal-to-clutter/noise ratio and the detection probability of weak targets. In addition, to match with the structural model, the subspace-based estimator was modified, enabling accurate and super-resolution elevation estimation without pre-estimating the complex multipath factor. As verified by simulation results, the proposed model and method are available for ground-based radar to reliably detect and resolve multiple low-angle targets and give accurate elevation estimates.
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Received: 24 July 2024
Published: 22 March 2025
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2025, Vol. 8 
