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| A 3D Modeling Method for Urban Combat Environments Based on 3D Gaussian Splatting Technology |
| CHENG Yuanhang， CHEN Gang， CHEN Zhuo |
| School of Geospatial Information， PLA Cyber Space Force Information Engineering University，
Zhengzhou 450001， Henan， China |
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Abstract Urban combat is a focal point in intelligent warfare, and constructing high-fidelity 3D models of battlefield environments is critical for enhancing situational awareness. Traditional modelling methods face challenges, including oblique photogrammetry, low reconstruction efficiency and stringent data acquisition requirements. This paper studied the theory and application of 3D Gaussian splash technology using the 3D modelling of the urban combat environment. It outlined two technical concepts for multi-source heterogeneous data integration and object-oriented modelling employing 3DGS as future research directions. First, sparse point clouds were initialised via Structure from Motion (SfM) technology, combined with Gaussian Splatting to optimise scene representation, enabling high-precision point cloud rendering. Second, the proposed method was compared with traditional oblique photogrammetry to validate its advantages in modelling efficiency, memory utilisation, and lighting simulation capabilities. Finally, two technical frameworks were introduced: a multi-source heterogeneous data fusion scheme and a building-and-vegetation object-oriented modelling approach, giving novel solutions for 3D modelling in urban combat environments.
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Received: 06 February 2025
Published: 15 July 2025
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2025, Vol. 8 
