Reviews of the Cargo Containment Systems of Large Scale LNG Carriers and the Welding of Related Low Temperature Metals

Abstract

Abstract:

Materials selection of liquefied natural gas (LNG) cargo containment systems has influence on the design of structure, safety and cost. As cryogenic temperature metals make up the most in LNG carriers, they are closely related to the design and manufacture. Considering the bearing part and insulation part of containment system, four different metals including invar alloy, 304L stainless steel, Ni9 steel and A5083 aluminum alloy can be taken into account. Thermal conductivity influences the insulation layer's design and welding metallurgy, while low mechanical strength improves the thickness of plate that influences the processing, moving, installation and cost. Material parameters and welding techniques of them are summarized.

Key words: liquefied natural gas carrier, low temperature metal, mechanical properties, weldability

CLC Number:

Wen-hu LIN, Xue-ming HUA, Yi-xiong WU, Yong-sheng TANG, Hui-ping ZHANG. Reviews of the Cargo Containment Systems of Large Scale LNG Carriers and the Welding of Related Low Temperature Metals[J]. Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology, 2014, 1(2): 160-165.

Figures/Tables 3

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Table 1

References 14

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金属材料		Invar合金	304L不锈钢	Ni9钢	A5083铝合金
美国标准		ASTM F1684	UNS S30403	ASTM A553/A353	ASTM B209M
国内名称		Invar合金,殷钢	X2CrNi189	Ni9钢	A5083
主要化学成分(质量分数)		36% Ni, 63.8% Fe	18% Cr, 9% Ni	9% Ni, 0.98% Mn, 0.13% C	4.7% Mg, 0.7% Mn, 0.15% Cr
热处理工艺		加工硬化	加工硬化	NNT/QT/ QLT	O,H加工硬化
25 ℃ 性能	σ_b/MPa	448	564	690~825	290(O态)
	σ_s/MPa	276	210	585	145(O态)
	冲击功/J	130	216	205	--
-163 ℃ 性能^[5]	σ_b/MPa	870	1432	1083	405(O态)
	σ_s/MPa	530	766	954	165(O态)
	冲击功/J	118	120	160	--
热传导系数/(W·m^-1·K^-1)		10.2	14.0~16.3	52	117
比热/(J·kg^-1·K^-1)		515	500	470	900
密度/(g·cm^-1)		8.05	8.00	7.85	2.66
硬度/HV		145	159	320	87
比强度(25 ℃)/(MPa·cm³·g^-1)		55.6	70.5	87.9~105.1	109.0
比强度(-163 ℃)/(MPa·cm³·g^-1)		106.9	180.6	137.9	157.9
疲劳性能/MPa		300(RT,10⁶周期)^[8]	100(RT,2×10⁶周期)^[9]	200(CT,10⁶周期)^[10]	150(RT,5×10⁸周期)
LNG储罐材料厚度/mm		0.7	1.2	≥20	≥30(SPB) ≥50(MOSS)
价格/万元每吨		12.3	1.6	3~4	3~4