Abstract: For a certain block of Bohai, problems of jamming, severe wear and premature failure of the drill bit and easy damage of the drilling tool appear during oil drilling. Aiming at this issue, we perform quantitative analysis of percentage of whole rock mineral constituents and the relative content of clay mineral components by using X ray diffraction method, carry out statistics and curve fitting with the analysis results, and correspond the test results with field application. The analysis results show that each lithology of whole rock mineral content and relative content of clay mineral is different. The influence of different whole-rock mineral composition on the hardness of the rock and the forming process is also different. Therefore, it has an important effect on the selection of drill bit and its drillability. The relative content of different clay minerals plays a key role in the preparation and selection of drilling fluid and oil and gas drilling. And we conduct curve fitting on a part of the whole rock and clay mineral composition, which can provide some reference for the research of mineral rock. The research conclusion has reference value for gas resources exploration and mining.