基于“政治等效”的外交话语隐喻英译策略——以2019年外交部例行记者会发言为例

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2021.03.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

隐喻是习近平新时代中国特色大国外交话语体系的重要构成部分,对外交话语的内涵表达和功能实现至关重要。关于隐喻翻译策略的研究有助于提升外交话语的传达效果和中国外交话语权。本文基于杨明星针对政治外交话语翻译提出的“政治等效”翻译原则,以2019年外交部例行记者会发言中的隐喻为研究对象,探究外交话语中隐喻的英译策略。2019年外交部例行记者会发言中的隐喻可以分为中西共享隐喻和中西非共享隐喻两大类。前者包括源域相同式隐喻和源域相异式隐喻两类,译者可以综合考虑隐喻的数量、政治内涵和两种语言的表达习惯,分别采取保留隐喻和转换隐喻的翻译策略;后者包括新词式隐喻和旧词新义式隐喻两类,译者宜保留隐喻,并根据受众对隐喻文化和政治内涵的了解程度,在需要时添加解释性文字。

关键词: 外交话语, 隐喻, 翻译策略, 政治等效

Abstract:

Metaphor is of great importance in the major-country diplomatic discourse system with Chinese characteristics for its vital role in the expressiveness and functionality of diplomatic discourse. Studies on the translation strategies of metaphors contribute significantly to facilitating the effective communication of diplomatic discourse and enhancing China's international discourse power. This paper conducts a case study of Chinese Foreign Ministry's 2019 regular press conferences on strategies for interpreting metaphors in diplomatic discourses from the perspective of political equivalence Yang Mingxing proposed as a criterion for the translation of diplomatic discourse. The metaphors employed in 2019 regular press conferences can be categorized into two types: shared and non-shared metaphors between China and the West. The former includes metaphors of the same source domain and metaphors of different source domains. It is advisable to retain or convert metaphors with comprehensive consideration of the number and political connotations of metaphors and the usages of the source and target languages. The latter includes new metaphors for the target audiences and metaphors originating from Chinese neologisms. The authors propose a strategy of retaining the metaphors plus explanation in the target text for consideration of the audiences' understanding of the cultural and political connotations of the metaphors.

中图分类号:

H059

任东升, 季秀妹. 基于“政治等效”的外交话语隐喻英译策略——以2019年外交部例行记者会发言为例[J]. 当代外语研究, 2021, 21(3): 84-95.

REN Dongsheng, JI Xiumei. On Strategies for Interpreting Metaphors in Diplomatic Discourse for Political Equivalence: A Case Study of Chinese Foreign Ministry's 2019 Regular Press Conferences[J]. Contemporary Foreign Languages Studies, 2021, 21(3): 84-95.

图/表 1

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隐喻类型	中西共享隐喻		中西非共享隐喻
隐喻类型	源域相同式隐喻	源域相异式隐喻	新词式隐喻	旧词新义式隐喻
隐喻示例	冰山一角搭乘顺风车灯塔毒瘤桥梁和纽带	撑腰壮胆蛋糕幌子扣帽子泼脏水	草木皆兵倒打一耙解铃还须系铃人悬崖勒马掩耳盗铃	美丽的风景线漂白甩锅退群最后一公里
频数	1704	158	210	24
占比	81.30%	7.54%	10.01%	1.15%