关键词: 《红楼梦》, 敬称, 语料库, 翻译, 礼貌原则

Abstract: Chinese-English Parallel Corpus is employed to study Yang Hsien-yi's and David Hawkes' translation of honorifics with Chinese characters “Ling”, “Zun”, “Gui” and “Shi” in A Dream of Red Mansions from the perspective of Politeness Principles, in order to find out the similarities and differences of translation methods in the two versions. The study finds that generally Yang tends to apply words or phrases with politeness to show English readers the politeness principles in Chinese, but Hawkes frequently uses words or phrases without politeness which conform to English language and culture. Specifically, similarities and differences are found in the translation of the four categories of honorifics in both versions. Phrases without politeness are preferred by both translators in the translation of honorifics with “Ling”, while adjectives with politeness are also of high frequency in Yang's version. The politeness in honorifics with “Zun” is retained by Yang and is removed by Hawkes, but that in honorifics with “Gui” is transplanted in both versions. Honorifics with “Shi” are mostly translated into pronouns or nouns with politeness by both translators. The results not only reveal the features of the two translation versions, but also the differences among the four classifications of honorifics in terms of politeness.