诊断学理论与实践 ›› 2024, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (06): 568-573.doi: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2024.06.002

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2015年至2018年上海市HIV-1感染者基因亚型及分子传播特征分析

吴健1, 陈玮华1, 徐昊1, 徐元1, 申永秀1, 宁镇2, 秦婷1, 林怡2, 沈鑫2, 郁晓磊2()   

  1. 1.上海市黄浦区疾病预防控制中心(上海市黄浦区卫生健康监督所)结核病与艾滋病防制科,上海 200023
    2.上海市疾病预防控制中心结核病与艾滋病防治所,上海 200336
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-14 出版日期:2024-12-25 发布日期:2024-12-25
  • 通讯作者: 郁晓磊 E-mail:yuxl1983@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2023-2025年)(GWVI-9)

Analysis of gene subtypes and molecular transmission characteristics of HIV-1 infected individuals in Shanghai from 2015 to 2018

WU Jian1, CHEN Weihua1, XU Hao1, XU Yuan1, SHEN Yongxiu1, NING Zhen2, QIN Ting1, LIN Yi2, SHEN Xin2, YU Xiaolei2()   

  1. 1. Huangpu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai(Supervision Institute of Huangpu District Health Commission, Shanghai) 200023, China
    2. Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200336, China
  • Received:2024-06-14 Published:2024-12-25 Online:2024-12-25

摘要:

目的: 分析上海市人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus, HIV)1型(HIV-1)感染者的分子流行特征及影响因素,为制定有效干预措施提供科学依据。方法: 收集2015年至2018年新报告的HIV-1感染者血清样本1 322例,通过巢式PCR扩增HIV-1pol区基因序列,根据pol基因序列进行病毒亚型分析,基于最适基因距离构建分子网络,分析分子网络特征及其影响因素。结果: 1 322例血清样本共获得1 241条HIV-1pol区基因序列,发现12种HIV基因型,以CRF01_AE和CRF07_BC亚型为主,分别占50.93%和34.00%。有530条序列进入分子网络,入网率为42.71%(530/1 241),共形成95个传播簇,簇内节点数为2~219个,其中有一个大簇,节点数为219个(41.32%,219/530)。入网率最高的亚型是CRF07_BC(59.48%,251/422),其次是01B(52.46%,32/61)和CRF01_AE(34.55%,218/631)。男男性行为传播相较于异性性传播更容易形成网络。结论: 2015年至2018年上海市HIV-1基因亚型多样,以CRF01_AE和CRF07_BC亚型为主要优势毒株,分子网络呈聚集性分布,男男性接触者(men who have sex with men,MSM) HIV-1感染者具有更快的病毒传播能力,导致更高的感染率,更易进入网络成为高风险传播者。加强HIV-1分子监测可及时了解毒株在不同人群中的传播动态,可帮助公共卫生部门采取有效的干预措施。

关键词: HIV-1基因, 分子网络, 分子簇,传播特征

Abstract:

Objective Analyze the molecular epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infected individuals in Shanghai, and to provide a scientific basis for developing effective intervention measures. Method A total of 1 322 serum samples from newly reported HIV-1 infected individuals between 2015 and 2018 were collected. Nested PCR was employed to amplify the HIV-1 pol gene sequences. Virus subtype analysis was then conducted based on the pol gene sequences, and a molecular network was constructed using the optimal gene distance. The characteristics of the molecular network and its influencing factors were analyzed. Results A total of 1 241 HIV-1 pol gene sequences were obtained from 1 322 samples, and 12 HIV genotypes were identified. The dominant subtypes were with CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC subtypes, accounting for 50.93% and 34.0%. respectively. Among these, 530 sequences entered the molecular network, with a clustering rate of 42.71% (530/1241), A total of 95 transmission clusters were formed, with cluster sizes ranging from 2 to 219 nodes. One large cluster contained 219 nodes (41.32%, 219/530). The highest clustering rate was observed in the CRF07_BC subtype (59.48%, 251/422), followed by 01B (52.46%, 32/61) and CRF01_AE (34.55%, 218/631). Male-to-male sexual transmission was more likely to form networks compared to heterosexual transmission. Conclusions The HIV-1 gene subtypes were diverse, with CRF01_AE and CRF07BC subtypes as the main dominant strainsin Shanghai. during 2015-2018, The molecular network showed an clustered distribution, and MSM are infected with HIV-1 have a faster ability to transmit the virus, leading to higher infection rates and easier entry into the network as high-risk carriers. Strengthening HIV-1 molecular monitoring can timely understand the transmission dynamics of the virus strain in different populations and help public health departments take effective intervention measures to reduce new HIV infections and prevent the spread of the epidemic

Key words: HIV-1 gene, Molecular network, Molecular cluster,Communication characteristics

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