诊断学理论与实践 ›› 2024, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (06): 568-573.doi: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2024.06.002
吴健1, 陈玮华1, 徐昊1, 徐元1, 申永秀1, 宁镇2, 秦婷1, 林怡2, 沈鑫2, 郁晓磊2()
收稿日期:
2024-06-14
出版日期:
2024-12-25
发布日期:
2024-12-25
通讯作者:
郁晓磊 E-mail:yuxl1983@163.com基金资助:
WU Jian1, CHEN Weihua1, XU Hao1, XU Yuan1, SHEN Yongxiu1, NING Zhen2, QIN Ting1, LIN Yi2, SHEN Xin2, YU Xiaolei2()
Received:
2024-06-14
Published:
2024-12-25
Online:
2024-12-25
摘要:
目的: 分析上海市人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus, HIV)1型(HIV-1)感染者的分子流行特征及影响因素,为制定有效干预措施提供科学依据。方法: 收集2015年至2018年新报告的HIV-1感染者血清样本1 322例,通过巢式PCR扩增HIV-1pol区基因序列,根据pol基因序列进行病毒亚型分析,基于最适基因距离构建分子网络,分析分子网络特征及其影响因素。结果: 1 322例血清样本共获得1 241条HIV-1pol区基因序列,发现12种HIV基因型,以CRF01_AE和CRF07_BC亚型为主,分别占50.93%和34.00%。有530条序列进入分子网络,入网率为42.71%(530/1 241),共形成95个传播簇,簇内节点数为2~219个,其中有一个大簇,节点数为219个(41.32%,219/530)。入网率最高的亚型是CRF07_BC(59.48%,251/422),其次是01B(52.46%,32/61)和CRF01_AE(34.55%,218/631)。男男性行为传播相较于异性性传播更容易形成网络。结论: 2015年至2018年上海市HIV-1基因亚型多样,以CRF01_AE和CRF07_BC亚型为主要优势毒株,分子网络呈聚集性分布,男男性接触者(men who have sex with men,MSM) HIV-1感染者具有更快的病毒传播能力,导致更高的感染率,更易进入网络成为高风险传播者。加强HIV-1分子监测可及时了解毒株在不同人群中的传播动态,可帮助公共卫生部门采取有效的干预措施。
中图分类号:
吴健, 陈玮华, 徐昊, 徐元, 申永秀, 宁镇, 秦婷, 林怡, 沈鑫, 郁晓磊. 2015年至2018年上海市HIV-1感染者基因亚型及分子传播特征分析[J]. 诊断学理论与实践, 2024, 23(06): 568-573.
WU Jian, CHEN Weihua, XU Hao, XU Yuan, SHEN Yongxiu, NING Zhen, QIN Ting, LIN Yi, SHEN Xin, YU Xiaolei. Analysis of gene subtypes and molecular transmission characteristics of HIV-1 infected individuals in Shanghai from 2015 to 2018[J]. Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice, 2024, 23(06): 568-573.
表1
2015-2018年上海市HIV-1感染者分子网络入网率影响因素分析
Variables | Sample size | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | Clustered | Non-clustered | χ2 | P value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count | Proportion | Count | Proportion | |||||||||
Age at diagnosis | 1.348 | 0.72 | ||||||||||
≤24 | 234 | 103 | 56 | 37 | 38 | 101 | 43.16% | 133 | 56.84% | |||
25-39 | 647 | 299 | 159 | 94 | 95 | 283 | 43.74% | 364 | 56.26% | |||
40-54 | 230 | 103 | 67 | 38 | 22 | 96 | 41.74% | 134 | 58.26% | |||
≥55 | 130 | 55 | 39 | 26 | 10 | 50 | 38.46% | 80 | 61.54% | |||
Sex | 8.82 | 0.003 | ||||||||||
Male | 1168 | 526 | 295 | 182 | 165 | 511 | 43.75% | 657 | 56.25% | |||
Female | 73 | 34 | 26 | 13 | 0 | 19 | 26.03% | 54 | 73.97% | |||
Registered residence | 0.6138 | 0.43 | ||||||||||
Shanghai | 432 | 201 | 121 | 69 | 41 | 191 | 44.21% | 241 | 55.79% | |||
Other provinces | 809 | 359 | 200 | 126 | 124 | 339 | 41.90% | 470 | 58.10% | |||
Ethnicity | 7.466 | 0.006 | ||||||||||
Han | 1200 | 533 | 315 | 192 | 160 | 521 | 43.42% | 679 | 56.58% | |||
Others | 41 | 27 | 6 | 3 | 5 | 9 | 21.95% | 32 | 78.05% | |||
Marital status | 2.586 | 0.46 | ||||||||||
Unmarried | 835 | 369 | 209 | 125 | 132 | 362 | 43.35% | 473 | 56.65% | |||
Married | 266 | 132 | 67 | 44 | 23 | 110 | 41.35% | 156 | 58.65% | |||
Divorced or widowed | 137 | 59 | 45 | 24 | 9 | 58 | 42.34% | 79 | 57.66% | |||
Unknown | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0.00% | 3 | 100.00% | |||
Education level | 4.773 | 0.44 | ||||||||||
Illiterate | 11 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 27.27% | 8 | 72.73% | |||
Primary school | 79 | 50 | 18 | 7 | 4 | 27 | 34.18% | 52 | 65.82% | |||
Junior high school | 253 | 125 | 78 | 38 | 12 | 110 | 43.48% | 143 | 56.52% | |||
High School | 299 | 140 | 73 | 47 | 39 | 126 | 42.14% | 173 | 57.86% | |||
College and above | 600 | 239 | 150 | 100 | 110 | 264 | 44.07% | 335 | 55.93% | |||
Transmission route | 19.55 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
Transmission route | 884 | 372 | 231 | 135 | 146 | 407 | 46.04% | 477 | 53.96% | |||
Transmission route | 309 | 158 | 85 | 52 | 14 | 114 | 36.89% | 195 | 63.11% | |||
Heterosexual | 43 | 30 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 18.60% | 35 | 81.40% | |||
Injection drug use | 5 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 20.00% | 4 | 80.00% | |||
Subtype | 74.57 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
CRF01_AE | 632 | 303 | 155 | 92 | 82 | 218 | 34.65% | 413 | 65.35% | |||
CRF 07_BC | 422 | 182 | 101 | 71 | 68 | 251 | 59.48% | 171 | 40.52% | |||
CRF 08_BC | 28 | 13 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 7 | 25.00% | 21 | 75.00% | |||
Others | 159 | 62 | 57 | 27 | 13 | 53 | 33.33% | 106 | 66.67% |
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