Objective: To survey the status of infection of human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical exfoliated cells and identify the local epidemiological characteristics of HPV infections. Methods: The HPV subtype test was carried out on cervical exfoliated cells obtained from 58 883 female subjects in the gynecological clinic and physical examination center from October 2017 through December 2020. The results were retrospectively reviewed and distribution of 25 common HPV subtypes in patients of different age groups and with different types of cervical disease (chronic cervicitis, cervical neoplasia, cervical malignant tumor) were analyzed. Results: Of 58 883 female subjects surveyed, 9 168(15.57%) cases were positive for HPV infection, including 6 971 single infection cases and 2 197 multiple infection cases. The HPV52 (3.31%), HPV58 (2.05%), and HPV16 (1.92%) were subtypes mostly detected. The HPV infection rate in females aged under 20 (37.34%) and between 21-30 (19.52%) were significantly higher than subjects of other age groups. Of 2 105 patients with cervical lesions, the HPV52 (16.92%), HPV58 (10.68%) and HPV16 (10.16%) were mostly identified in patients with chronic cervicitis; the HPV52 ( 22.22%), HPV16 (17.46%), HPV58 (14.29%) were mostly associated with cervical epithelial neoplasia; and the HPV16 (29.59%), HPV52 (11.24%), HPV58 (10.06%) were the most common subtypes detected in patients with cervical malignant tumors. Conclusions: The HPV infection rate in females of Shanghai is 15.57%, and the HPV52, HPV58, and HPV16 are the predominant subtypes detected. The three subtypes are also highly associated with patients with cervical lesions and cervical cancer, which indicates that the HPV52, HPV58, and HPV16, instead of HPV16 and HPV18 suggested in foreign epidemic studies, are the carcinogenic subtypes of HPV in Shanghai.