内科理论与实践

内科理论与实践

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如何正确认识和界定慢性阻塞性肺病的早期诊断

何权瀛   

  1. 北京大学人民医院呼吸与危重症科，北京　100044
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-04

How to correctly understand and define early diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

HE Quanying   

  1. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
  • Received:2024-11-04

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摘要：

本文结合2024年《慢性阻塞性肺疾病诊断、治疗与预防全球策略》（Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, GOLD）报告，探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD）早期诊断面临的困境。对“早期COPD”“COPD前期”等概念进行辨析，指出其与早期诊断在内涵上的差异。目前早期诊断在识别高危个体、界定疾病起始时间及肺功能结果稳定性方面均存在困难。因此，笔者认为应优先提高COPD整体诊断率，建议对高危人群开展规范肺功能筛查并实施长期管理，此为当前最具可行性的早期干预方法。

关键词: 慢性阻塞性肺疾病, 早期诊断, 全球倡议, 概念辨析, 高危人群

Abstract:

This article draws on the 2024 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) report to explore the challenges in the early diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It examines and distinguishes concepts such as “early COPD” and “pre-COPD,” highlighting their conceptual differences from practical early diagnosis. Currently, early diagnosis faces difficulties in identifying high-risk individuals, defining the onset of the disease, and ensuring the consistency of pulmonary function results. Therefore, the author argues that priority should be given to improving the overall diagnostic rate of COPD. It is recommended to implement standardized pulmonary function screening for high-risk populations and establish long-term management, which represents the most feasible approach to early intervention at present.

Key words: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Early diagnosis, Global Initiative, Conceptual analysis, High-risk population

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