目的 了解上海基层医务工作者在新型冠状病毒（新冠）肺炎疫情期间的心理状况，并分析影响因素，为后续干预及处理提供科学依据。方法 根据新冠肺炎疫情期间上海基层医务工作者相关工作情况自行设计调查问卷。于2023年1—2月对上海基层医疗机构的在职医务工作者进行问卷调查，收集个人基本信息，明确疫情期间基层医务工作者的心理健康状况，并分析其影响因素。结果 患有抑郁、焦虑症状分别为72.0%、57.6%。工作-家庭冲突情况与抑郁（r=0.391，P<0.05）、焦虑（r=0.370，P<0.05）情况呈正相关。大专及以下学历、年收入较疫情前减少11%~30%、护士、既往参加过公共卫生突发事件、工作压力与工作强度较大、薪酬满意度较小的医务工作者工作-家庭冲突总分较高（均P<0.05）；女性、年龄30~39岁、大专及以下学历、中级职称、工作年限<10年、护士、既往参加过疫情相关公共卫生突发事件、工作压力与工作强度较大、薪酬满意度较小的医务工作者抑郁、焦虑量表得分较高。结论 新冠肺炎疫情对上海基层医务人员的心理健康状况产生了一定程度的负面影响，提高薪资待遇、采取心理咨询和辅导、合理轮岗及排班等措施可改善基层医务人员心理健康。

Objective To evaluate the psychological status of primary healthcare workers in Shanghai during the novel coronavirus epidemic in the past three years, analyze the related factors, and provide a scientific basis for follow-up intervention and management. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted from January to February in 2023 among the healthcare workers in Shanghai primary care institutions, their basic personal information and survey results were collected to clarify the mental health status during the epidemic, and the related factors were analyzed. Results There were 72.0% and 57.6% of Shanghai primary health care workers suffered depression and anxiety, respectively. Work-family conflict was positively associated with depression(r=0.391, P<0.05) and anxiety(r=0.370, P<0.05). The total work-family conflict scores were higher among nurses and the healthcare workers who had associate or lower degree, had higher job stress, work intensity or lower salary satisfaction, 11%-30% decreased annual income than that before the epidemic, or participated in public health emergency management previously (P<0.05); depression and anxiety scale scores were higher among nurse and healthcare workers who were female, 30-39 years old, had associate or lower degree, intermediate title, <10 years of work experience, and had higher job stress and work intensity, or less salary satisfaction, or participated in epidemic-related public health emergency management previously. Conclusions The novel coronavirus epidemic showed negative impact on the mental health of primary healthcare workers in Shanghai. Increasing salary and wages, conducting psychological counseling and guidance, and rationalizing work shift, rotation and scheduling can improve the psychological health in primary healthcare staff.