皮肤组织病理学检查是皮损诊断的“金标准”，可帮助有皮损表现的风湿免疫性疾病作出尽量精准的诊断。大多数风湿免疫性疾病皮损病理表现特异性不高，盘状红斑狼疮（discoid lupus erythematosus, DLE）、硬皮病、成人Still病、血管炎等皮损组织病理学特征相对鲜明。皮肤病理检查在风湿免疫性疾病原发病诊断、合并症鉴别、疾病分型分期、发病机制探讨等方面有不同程度的作用。正确掌握和应用皮肤病理检查技术，有助于风湿免疫性疾病的精准诊疗。

Dermatopathological examination is the “gold standard” for skin lesion diagnosis, which can help to make the most accurate diagnosis of rheumatic immune diseases with skin lesions. The dermatopathological manifestations of skin lesions in most rheumatic diseases are not very specific, while the dermatohistopathological features are relatively distinct in discoid lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, adult Still disease and vasculitis. Dermatopathology plays different roles in the diagnosis of rheumatic immune diseases, differentiation of comorbidities, disease classification and staging, and exploration of pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases. Mastering and applying dermatopathological techniques are very important for the precise diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic diseases.