Abstract:

Primary skeletal muscle lymphoma is rare, and primary skeletal muscle non-specified peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL-NOS) is even rarer. It is prone to be misdiagnosed and missed as its lack of specificity of clinical manifestations. At present, its diagnosis primarily relies on ¹⁸F-FDG-PET/CT to screen hypermetabolic lesions and tissue biopsy to confirm it. This article reports a case of oropharyngeal ulcers accompanied by fever as the main clinical manifestations, while there were no atypical cells found in multiple biopsies of the ulcer sites. PET/CT showed heterogeneous hypermetabolism in the calf muscles of two legs and the pharynx. Finally, the patient diagnosis was confirmed as primary skeletal muscle PTCL-NOS through calf muscle biopsy, hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry. The diagnostic process of the case was challenging. It suggests that recognition of primary skeletal muscle PTCL-NOS needs to be improved to achieve early diagnosis and better prognosis.

Key words: Oropharyngeal ulcers, Primary peripheral T-cell lymphoma, ¹⁸F-FDG-PET/CT