Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice ›› 2025, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (04): 325-331.doi: 10.16139/j.1007-9610.2025.04.06
• Original article • Previous Articles Next Articles
HUANG Wenxin1, HE Qining1, Qi Debin1, Cao Zichao1, JIANG Yanzhi2a, WANG Pusen2b, QUE Weitao2b, ZHONG Lin1,2b(
)
Received:2024-10-12
Online:2025-07-25
Published:2025-10-23
Contact:
ZHONG Lin
E-mail:zhonglin1@medmail.com.cn
CLC Number:
HUANG Wenxin, HE Qining, Qi Debin, Cao Zichao, JIANG Yanzhi, WANG Pusen, QUE Weitao, ZHONG Lin. Assessment of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging in hepatectomy for primary liver carcinoma: short-term prognostic analysis[J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2025, 30(04): 325-331.
Tab 1
Comparison of preoperative general information between ICG and non-ICG groups[($\bar{x} \pm s$)/n(%)/M(Q1, Q3)]
| Item | ICG group （n=72） | non-ICG group （n=94） | t/χ²/Z value | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age(years) | 61.9±12.3 | 58.8±11.2 | 1.703 | 0.091 |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 17（23.6） | 30（31.9） | 1.385 | 0.239 |
| Male | 55（76.4） | 64（68.1） | ||
| HBsAg | ||||
| Negative | 34（47.2） | 33（35.1） | 2.486 | 0.115 |
| Positive | 38（52.8） | 61（64.9） | ||
| Preoperative examination | ||||
| Leukocyte（×109） | 5.5（4.2,7.7） | 5.47（4.6,6.4） | -0.370 | 0.711 |
| ALT（U/L） | 30.0（19.4,44.4） | 33.3（26.0,39.3） | -0.870 | 0.384 |
| AST（U/L） | 33.6（22.4,50.5） | 35.7（26.8,41.7） | -0.298 | 0.766 |
| AFP（μg/L） | 120.3（31.6,333.8） | 98.1（25.4,359.1） | -0.355 | 0.722 |
| Cirrhosis | ||||
| Negative | 37（51.4） | 46（48.9） | 0.098 | 0.754 |
| Positive | 35（48.6） | 48（51.1） | ||
| Child Pugh | ||||
| A | 68（94.4） | 89（94.7） | 0.004 | 0.947 |
| B | 4（5.6） | 5（5.3） | ||
| Tumor size (≥5 cm) | ||||
| Negative | 41（56.9） | 56（59.6） | 0.116 | 0.733 |
| Positive | 31（43.1） | 38（40.4） | ||
| Number of tumors | 1（1，1） | 1（1，1） | -0.74 | 0.941 |
| Degree of differentiation | ||||
| High | 11（15.3） | 9（9.6） | 1.290 | 0.525 |
| Moderate | 51（70.8） | 70（74.5） | ||
| Low | 10（13.9） | 15（16.0） | ||
| Tumor thrombus | ||||
| Negative | 66（91.7） | 90（95.7） | 1.198 | 0.274 |
| Positive | 6（8.3） | 4（4.3） | ||
| Tumor type | ||||
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | 48（66.7） | 67（71.3） | 0.422 | 0.810 |
| Intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma | 19（26.4） | 21（22.3） | ||
| Mixed liver carcinoma | 5（6.9） | 6（6.4） | ||
Fig 1
Gross observations and corresponding fluorescence pattern diagrams of liver tumor samples A: Gross view of fully fluorescent samples; B: Gross view of partially fluorescent samples; C: Gross view of circularly fluorescent samples; D: Fluorescence pattern of fully fluorescent samples; E: Fluorescence pattern of partially fluorescent samples; F: Fluorescence pattern of circularly fluorescent samples. The gross view (A-C) corresponded to the fluorescence pattern diagrams (D-F) as follows: A corresponds to D, B to E, and C to F.
Tab 2
Characteristics of different fluorescence types in the ICG group[n(%)]
| Item | Non-fluorescent （n=3） | Partially-fluorescent （n=32） | Circular-fluorescence （n=18） | Completely-fluorescent （n=19） | χ² value | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HBs Ag+ | 1（33.3） | 15（46.9） | 11（61.1） | 11（57.9） | 1.604 | 0.659 |
| HCV Ag+ | 0 | 1（3.1） | 0 | 1（5.3） | 1.049 | 0.789 |
| Cirrhosis | 0 | 18（56.3） | 4（22.2） | 13（68.4） | 17.875 | <0.001 |
| Tumor type | ||||||
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | 0 | 25（78.1） | 8（44.4） | 15（78.9） | 18.112 | 0.006 |
| Intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma | 3（100） | 4（12.5） | 9（50.0） | 3（15.8） | ||
| Mixed liver carcinoma | 0 | 3（9.4） | 1（5.6） | 1（5.3） | ||
| Degree of differentiation | ||||||
| High | 1（33.3） | 2（6.3） | 1（5.6） | 7（36.8） | 24.746 | <0.001 |
| Moderate | 1（33.3） | 28（87.5） | 10（55.6） | 12（63.2） | ||
| Low | 1（33.3） | 2（6.3） | 7（38.9） | 0 |
Tab 3
Comparison of intraoperative statistic in ICG and non-ICG groups[n(%)/M(Q1, Q3)]
| Item | ICG group （n=72） | non-ICG group （n=94） | χ²/Z value | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operation time | 170（140,200） | 210（166,348） | -4.416 | <0.001 |
| Portal blockade rate | 7（9.7） | 31（33.0） | 12.493 | <0.001 |
| Intraoperative blood loss | 400（150,587.5） | 430（325,752.5） | -2.053 | 0.040 |
| Intraoperative blood transfusion rate | 14（19.4） | 21（22.3） | 0.206 | 0.650 |
Tab 4
Comparison of postoperative statistic in ICG and non-ICG groups[n(%)/M(Q1, Q3)]
| Item | ICG group（n=72） | non-ICG group (n=94） | χ²/Z value | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surgical margin negative rate | 69（95.8％） | 86（91.5％） | 1.243 | 0.265 |
| Postoperative hospital stay | 10（8,12） | 14（10,21） | -4.317 | <0.001 |
| Number of painkillers used | 1（1,1） | 2（1,2） | -6.189 | <0.001 |
| Postoperative antibiotic use times | 1（1,1） | 2（1,2） | -5.738 | <0.001 |
| Drainage on the first day after surgery | 200（80,300） | 230（180,282.5） | -1.677 | 0.094 |
| The incidence of postoperative complications in the short term | 3（4.2） | 19（20.2） | 9.131 | 0.003 |
| Highest body temperature before discharge | 38(37.4,38.5) | 38.1(37.8,38.4) | -0.782 | 0.434 |
| Blood biochemistry on the first day after surgery | ||||
| Leukocyte（×109） | 11.6(8.5,16.0) | 14.3(12.5,16.3) | -3.680 | <0.001 |
| ALT（U/L） | 292.0(116.3,541.6) | 296.3(201.0,443.8) | -1.209 | 0.227 |
| AST（U/L） | 304.0(146.6,616.4) | 326.8(236.6,459.9) | -0.727 | 0.467 |
| TBil（μmol/L） | 23.5（18.1,29.7） | 27.0(18.2,33.6) | -1.060 | 0.289 |
| Albumin（g/L） | 34.6（30.4,37.0） | 31.4（29.3,33.6） | -3.611 | <0.001 |
| Blood biochemistry on the third day after surgery | ||||
| Leukocyte（×109） | 8.7(7.2,10.5) | 11.6(9.5,13.0) | -4.297 | <0.001 |
| ALT（U/L） | 180.8(100.5,504.5) | 193.4(143,265.3) | -1.267 | 0.205 |
| AST（U/L） | 94.9(55.8,270.2) | 124.5(84.2,168.5) | -2.042 | 0.041 |
| TBil（μmol/L） | 22.3（17.7,25.7） | 28.6(18.7,41.7) | -2.048 | 0.041 |
| Albumin（g/L） | 32.4（31.1,35.9） | 31.2（29.6,33.2） | -5.043 | <0.001 |
| Blood biochemistry on the seventh day after surgery | ||||
| Leukocyte（×109） | 8.8(6.2,10.0) | 7.7(6.4,9.4) | -1.069 | 0.285 |
| ALT（U/L） | 77.4(42.1,172.1) | 75.5(59.8,94.1) | -0.293 | 0.770 |
| AST（U/L） | 39.9(25.9,72.6) | 45.8(37.7,56.8) | -0.538 | 0.591 |
| TBil（μmol/L） | 19.6(15.8,23.9) | 22.3(14.9,32.9) | -1.396 | 0.163 |
| Albumin（g/L） | 34.4(31.0,36.5) | 32.8(30.9,34.9) | -1.785 | 0.074 |
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