Objective To explore the effects of CX3CR1 on inflammatory response， skeletal muscle microfibers and ERK/MAPK signaling pathway in rats with traumatic osteomyelitis. Methods Thirty SPF SD male rats were selected and divided into healthy group， model group and CX3CR1 inhibition group according to random number table method， with an average of

10 in each group. Traumatic osteomyelitis model was established in model group and CX3CR1 inhibition group. The healthy

group and model group were routinely injected with normal saline intraperitoneally every day， and the CX3CR1 intervention

group was treated by injecting CX3CR1 neutralizing antibody into the residual cavity. Serum levels of inflammatory cytokines

interleukin （IL-6， IL-10， IL-1β， TGF-β） were detected by ELISA， skeletal muscle microfibers were detected by X-ray

Norden score， and pathological changes were observed by HE staining. Extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2（ERK1/2），

mitogen activated protein kinase （MAPK） protein and mRNA in femur were detected by Western blotting and PCR. Results

Compared with the healthy group， the contents of TGF- β， IL-1β， IL-10， IL-6 and other inflammatory factors were

increased in the model group （P<0.05）. Compared with model group， the content of inflammatory factors in CX3CR1 inhibitory group was decreased （P<0.05）. Compared with the healthy group， the X-ray Norden score of the model group was increased over time （P<0.05）. Compared with model group， X-ray Norden score of CX3CR1 inhibition group was decreased（P<0.05）. HE staining showed that the bone cortex in the healthy group was intact. In the model group， there was a large

Traumatic osteomyelitis, Inflammatory response, Skeletal muscle microfibers, Extracellular regulated

protein kinase 1/2, Mitogen activated protein kinase