深水隔水管疲劳监测方法初探

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

深水隔水管是海洋油气钻探开发的关键构成, 也是最脆弱,最危险的部件.深水隔水管疲劳监测技术在预防隔水管事故方面具有不可或缺的作用.我国已踏上深水油气钻探开发的新征程, 迫切需要强大的隔水管监测技术作支撑.为此, 介绍了隔水管监测的目的和意义, 探讨了深水隔水管疲劳监测的相关方法, 特别对疲劳参数检测及其传输方法两个关键难题给予足够关注.随后介绍了我国的隔水管疲劳监测技术以及南海试验, 旨在为深水油气钻探开发的安全进行提供技术支持.

关键词: 深水隔水管, 疲劳, 监测, 水声监测网络

Abstract:

Marine riser is the key but the most brittle assembly in deepwater oil exploration and production. The fatigue and fracture accident of deepwater risers, which are caused by factors such as vortex-induced vibration(VIV), offset of platform and so on, not only lead to huge economic loss, but also bring out marine ecological disaster and even create international political problems. The deepwater riser monitoring technology, starting from the fatigue and fracture accident the risers encountered, is the important guaranty for them to run safely during service and plays a vital role in the evaluation of structural fatigue damage and early warning of fracture accident. The advanced fatigue monitoring technologies are required urgently to meet the new journey of deepwater exploration and production industry that our country has embarked on. The why and how on fatigue monitoring of deep water riser is reviewed. The key parameters to monitor, the detecting methods and the manners of data transmission for their fatigue monitoring are introduced, and more attention is paid to the latter two. At last, the states of the art of fatigue monitoring methods in China and the test in South China Sea are discussed. Some suggestions on deepwater riser monitoring are given to support exploration and operation of deepwater oil and gas industry in a safe and environmentally responsible manner.

Key words: deepwater riser, fatigue, monitoring, underwater acoustic monitoring network

中图分类号:

TE973.92

李保军, 邓欣, 申晓红, 黎昵, 何轲, 姜喆, 王海燕. 深水隔水管疲劳监测方法初探[J]. 海洋工程装备与技术, 2014, 1(1): 62-69.

Bao-jun LI, Xin DENG, Xiao-hong SHEN, Ni LI, Ke HE, Zhe JIANG, Hai-yan WANG. Preliminary Investigation on Monitoring Methods for Deepwater Risers[J]. Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology, 2014, 1(1): 62-69.

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传输方法	优点	缺点
离线	费用低, 操作界面简单	无实时性, 设备易丢
有线	实时监测, 噪声免疫, 带宽不限	安装困难, 操作复杂, 易于破坏
水声	易于安装, 操作简单, 准实时性	带宽有限, 噪声干扰

类型	长度/m	传感器及数量	通信方式
DrillR	304.8	1ADCP, 6ACC+倾角	离线/ROV
SCR	1219	17ACC, 12应变	电缆
SCR	1000	12ACC	离线/ROV
TTR	1700	14ACC+倾角, 6应变	电缆,ROV
Drill R	375	3ACC	离线/ROV
Drill R	1300	5ACC	离线/ROV
Drill R	2350	2ACC	离线/ROV
SCR	1005	12ACC	离线/ROV
Drill R	1180	4ACC+倾角	电缆
DrillR	1939	10ACC+倾角	电缆
Drill R	1240	10ACC	离线/ROV
Drill R	1402	10ACC, 1应变仪	-
Drill R	2073	20ACC, 5应变仪	-
Drill R	1829	14ACC	离线/ROV
DrillR	1656	6ACC	离线/ROV
Drill R	967	6ACC	离线/ROV
Drill R	360	7ACC	离线/ROV
Drill R	1070	12ACC	离线/ROV
Drill R	965	12ACC	离线/ROV