doi:10.16150/j.1671-2870.2020.05.004

Abstract

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Figures/Tables 4

References 70

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药物类别	药物名称	治疗效果	证据类别	推荐级别	不良反应
糖皮质激素	氟氢可的松	可能获益,但很可能有害^[34],1项随机双盲临床试验^[24]	Ⅲ	B	加重SH,降低血钾水平
α₁受体激动剂	米多君	很可能获益,1项随机双盲临床试验^[35]和1项开放标签随机试验^[28]	Ⅰ	B	竖毛反应、尿潴留和SH
去甲肾上腺素前体药物	屈昔多巴	高度可能获益,2项随机双盲临床试验^[36-37]	Ⅰ	A	SH、幻觉、头痛和恶心
选择性去甲肾上腺素重摄取抑制剂	托莫西汀	很可能获益,1 项病例报告^[38]和1项随机单盲交叉试验^[32]	Ⅰ	B	心动过速、便秘、恶心、呕吐和肝损伤
胆碱酯酶抑制剂	溴吡斯的明	可能获益, 1项随机双盲临床试验^[24],1项开放标签随机试验^[28], 1项随机单盲交叉试验^[32]	Ⅱa	B	腹泻、恶心、呕吐、胃痉挛、出汗和泌涎增多
中药	升压汤	可能获益,无随机双盲临床试验	Ⅱb	C	未见报道
	生脉饮	可能获益,无随机双盲临床试验	Ⅱb	C	未见报道
	黄芪口服液	可能获益,无随机双盲临床试验	Ⅱb	C	未见报道

药物类别	药物名称	治疗效果	证据类别	推荐级别	不良反应
ACEI	卡托普利	可能获益,无随机双盲临床试验	Ⅱa	C	头痛、腹泻、恶心和皮疹
ARB	氯沙坦	很可能获益,1项随机双盲临床试验^[47]	Ⅰ	B	头痛、血管性水肿、高钾血症和贫血
中枢性降压药	可乐定	可能获益,无随机双盲临床试验	Ⅱa	C	淡漠、头晕、抑郁、便秘、恶心、呕吐及失眠
β受体拮抗剂	奈必洛尔	很可能获益,1项随机双盲临床试验^[48]	Ⅰ	B	未见报道
选择性盐皮质激素受体拮抗剂	依普利酮	可能获益,无随机双盲临床试验	Ⅱb	C	高钾血症

药物类别	药物名称	治疗效果	证据类别	推荐级别	不良反应
α葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂	阿卡波糖	很可能获益,1项随机双盲临床试验^[57]	Ⅰ	B	腹胀、腹泻和胃肠积气
	伏格列波糖	可能获益,无随机双盲临床试验,1项临床对照试验^[59]	Ⅱa	C	低血糖、腹胀、腹泻和头痛
生长抑素类似物	奥曲肽	可能获益,无随机双盲临床试验	Ⅱa	C	腹泻、腹痛、头痛、恶心和呕吐

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