Objective: To investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and blood pressure related factors among children and adolescents in Xinzhuang community, Shanghai, for providing reference information for the prevention and treatment of hypertension in children and adolescents. Methods: Students aged 7-17 yearsin primary and secondary schools in Xinzhuang district, Shanghai, were invited to participate in the study. Body height, weight, waist and hip circumference were measured. Omron HBP1100 electronic sphygmomanometer was used to measure brachial blood pressure for three times at sitting position. Questionnaires were used to collect basic information, including disease history, birth history, use of medications, maternal pregnancy and delivery history, parents' smoking habits and history of hypertension and diabetes, and family history, etc. Results: ①Among all the 14 715 students (male 7703, female 7 012), the prevalences of overweight, obesity and high waist circumference were 17.3%, 13.9% and 18.0%, respectively. ② Both the brachial systolic and diastolic blood pressure were positively associated with age, body height, BMI, waist circumference, father or mother hypertension history and mother pregnancy hypertension history (r= 0.03-0.37, P≤0.01). Students whose both parents had hypertension had a higher blood pressure (120/77 mmHg) than those with single parent having hypertension (118/75 mmHg) and those having both normotensive parents (116/74 mmHg, P for trend ≤0.001). ③ Obese students had higher blood pressure (122/76 mmHg) than those overweight (119/75 mmHg) and those with normal weight (115/74 mmHg). Similar trend was observed between students with high(121/76 mmHg), high-normal (118/75 mmHg) and normal (115/74 mmHg) waist circumference. P values were all <0.001 after adjustment for age and other factors. Conclusions: In addition to factors could not be revised such as age and parent's hypertension, blood pressure of children and adolescents is related to obesity indices such as BMI and waist circumference, indicating that obesity control should be the key for the prevention and control of hypertension in children and adolescents.