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  • Table of Content
      20 December 2020, Volume 3 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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    Special Papers of Expert
    Cryogenic Infrared Scene Generation Technology
    LI Zhuo, SHI Qingfeng, WANG Xin, GAO Yanze, SHI Rui
    Air & Space Defense. 2020, 3 (4): 1-7.  
    Abstract   PDF (8538KB) ( 60 )
    This paper demonstrates a cryogenic infrared scene generation technology based on MEMS thin film transducer which based on the passive optical heating device. The scene writing system can be put outside the cryogenic vacuum chamber, without radiation interference of electronics and thermal insulation layer in the cryogenic environment, so the passive film transducer can simulate the lowest temperature to be infinitely close to the ambient temperature in low temperature environment. The theoretical model and experimental equipment are established, and the spatial and temporal properties of the thin film transducer at low temperature are tested. In 7.5~14μm waveband, when the optical power density at the incident is 0.0275W/mm2, the ambient temperature decreases from 233 K to 173 K, and the simulated temperature range increases from 49.67 K to 85.2 K. At the ambient temperature of 173 K, when the written optical power increases to 0.1233W/mm2, the simulated temperature range increases to 367K. When the ambient temperature drops from 233 K to 173 K, the rise time of the film transducer increases from 6.52 ms to 6.73 ms, and the decline time also accelerates from 6.75 ms to 6.22 ms. The low temperature experimental results show that the lower the ambient temperature is, the larger the temperature range of the film transducer can be simulated, and the faster the time response is. The experiment indicates that the infrared thin film has a broad prospect in the cryogenic infrared scene generation technology.
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    Research on Time Delay Control Techniques for High Time Accuracy Infrared Scene Generation
    DU Huijie, DU Jian, ZHANG Xing, REN Zhong
    Air & Space Defense. 2020, 3 (4): 8-13.  
    Abstract   PDF (6030KB) ( 147 )
    Focusing on the time delay requirement for infrared dynamic scene generation of the high time accuracy hardware-in-the-loop simulation, two kinds of low-stability time delay control techniques were introduced: the internal storage mapping technique based on PCI-E bus and the scene generation system based on Many-core processor system. The result will provide support for establishing the timing controllable low-stability time delay infrared dynamic scene generation system.
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    Precision Guidance Simulation Technology
    Guidance Precision Fusion Evaluation Based on Multi-source Data‘s Credibility
    CHEN Xuan, LI Qi, LI Bowen, XIAO Yike, YAN Liang
    Air & Space Defense. 2020, 3 (4): 14-20.  
    Abstract   PDF (4829KB) ( 261 )
    Aiming at the guidance precision assessment from multi-source testing data, this paper proposes a fusion evaluation method based on compound credibility, which combines data analysis and physical mechanism, relies on data compatibility test and physical mechanism to convert error results, and calculates the compound credibility corresponding to the equivalent test converted sample data. On this basis, the Bayes method is used for weighted fusion evaluation. The simulation results show that the multisource data fusion evaluation result that introduces compound credibility is more robust than the evaluation conclusion using only the field prototype test data, and to a certain extent, it reduces the influence of low credibility prior information, which is reasonable and useful.
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    Preliminary Study on a Deep Learning 3D Reconstruction Simulation Method Based on Infrared Image Sequence
    CHEN Jichi, WEI Guohua, GUO Conglong, ZHANG Lihe
    Air & Space Defense. 2020, 3 (4): 21-29.  
    Abstract   PDF (10295KB) ( 234 )
    The paper proposes a 3D reconstruction simulation method based on infrared image sequence.The method combined with traditional multi-view spatial 3D information recovery and deep learning network, which is specifically divided into two parts: the raw point cloud generation, and point cloud completion. In the first part, the incomplete raw point cloud is generated based on the traditional passive multi-view 3D reconstruction method by inputting the pre-processed infrared image sequence. In the second part, the incomplete point cloud is passed through a joint network structure, performing point cloud completion to a 3D reconstruction. Experiments show that this method can effectively realize the point cloud generation of the infrared image sequence and can effectively restore the missing part of the point cloud. Compared with the existing point cloud completion methods, the test results of some categories performed better in EMD (Earth Mover's Distance) index. With the increase of training data and optimization of training methods, it shows a potential to complete the 3D reconstruction task of infrared image sequences with high quality.
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    Visual Modeling Method Study of Complex System Real-time Simulation
    LI Yanhong, TANG Chengshi, ZHAO Lyuyi, HU Qipeng, CHAI Juanfang, YAO Xinyu
    Air & Space Defense. 2020, 3 (4): 30-37.  
    Abstract   PDF (5264KB) ( 78 )
    For the problem of complex system real-time simulation model which is complicated and difficult to develop, a flat and componentized model design and a model management method based on relational databases are proposed in this paper. The visual modeling method studies from 4 aspects of componentized model design, relational database management, interface encapsulation and code generation. The aircraft collaborative HWIL(hardware-in-the-loop) simulation results show that it can satisfy the demand of realtime simulation. The visual modeling method in this paper canrealize the model fusion of multiple visual modeling languages, and it can realize the models development, management and operation, providing supports for the complex system real-time simulation.
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    Research on Infrared Characteristics Simulation & Modeling Method of Complex Cloud Background Environment
    JIA Rongquan, WANG Li
    Air & Space Defense. 2020, 3 (4): 38-43.  
    Abstract   PDF (7522KB) ( 40 )
    This paper makes a research on infrared cloud background modeling in order to meet the needs of simulation and verification of infrared detection and guidance adaptability to interference of cloud background environment. Particle system and real image are used to model the geometric characteristics of cloud, and the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods are analyzed. Considering the influence of atmosphere, sun and ground background on cloud radiation characteristics, the radiance calculation is completed. On this basis, the infrared detection device model is established, and finally the cloud background environment simulation image is obtained. The simulation results show that the method can generate cloud background infrared images with rich features, and the infrared characteristic is true and reliable.
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    An Overview of Statistical Characteristics of Ground-Sea Clutter
    CHEN Yan, LI Yanyan, YANG Libo, NI Xinghu, YANG Baisheng, WANG Yahui
    Air & Space Defense. 2020, 3 (4): 44-51.  
    Abstract   PDF (6934KB) ( 62 )
    The main applications, limitations and problems of statistic modeling of groundsea clutter are analyzed. Three classical statistical models are summarized to describe groundsea clutter, namely the model to describe the normalized radar scattering cross section of clutter scattering element, the probability density function model to describe the fluctuation of backscattering coefficient and the power spectrum model to describe the correlation of backscattering coefficient. On the basis of the three types of models, the average backscattering coefficients of common terrain, different frequencies and different incidence angles are given, and the clutter simulation method and results satisfying the specific probability density function and power spectrum are given. Some suggestions for the development of statistical modeling of clutter are given at the end of the article.
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    Analysis and Research of Mimic Reconfiguration Technologies for Cluster Simulation
    ZHANG Siqin, KONG Wenhua, SU Yinke
    Air & Space Defense. 2020, 3 (4): 52-59.  
    Abstract   PDF (7389KB) ( 43 )
    Aiming at the difficulties to accomplish the realtime simulation mission of the cluster system using computer system available, as the evolution process of functional conformation and operating mechanism in the cluster system are filled with various uncertainties, the mimic reconfiguration computing technology is proposed and is about to have applications in creating simulation platform in order to be an ideal solution scheme of the contradiction between generality and computational efficiency for realtime simulation mission of the cluster system. In this paper, the current status and development trends of the mimic computing technology and hardware reconfiguration technology are introduced and analyzed, the key technical difficulties required to solve in the cluster system simulation application are proposed, as well as a scheme of experiment for validating the theory of realtime simulation system of the cluster system based on mimic reconfiguration computing technology is designed, which will be a further study foundation of the application aspect.
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    Real-time Simulation of Missile Midcourse Trajectory Imaging Characteristics Based on Space-based Infrared Early Warning System
    HUANG Xi, WU Xin
    Air & Space Defense. 2020, 3 (4): 60-66.  
    Abstract   PDF (4998KB) ( 235 )
    Based on the detection mechanism of space-based infrared early warning system for mid-course ballistic missile, the radiation generated by various radiation sources on the target surface and the intrinsic radiation of the target were calculated, and the radiation model of the missile target was established. Based on this, the imaging characteristics of missile midcourse were simulated in real time. The results show that the method can simulate the imaging characteristics of the target in different radiation environments well, and the real-time performance can meet the requirements.
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    Effects of Infrared Suppression Techniques on the Infrared Radiation Signatures of Fighter Aircraft
    LIU Jian, LIN Jiaxuan, HUO Yiwei
    Air & Space Defense. 2020, 3 (4): 67-72.  
    Abstract   PDF (6071KB) ( 201 )
    To analyze the effects of infrared suppression techniques on the infrared radiation signatures of fighter aircraft, three-dimensional geometric models of a specific fighter aircraft's fuselage and exhaust system were bulit. The parameters of lowemissivity coating and film cooling were assumed based on experiment data. The infrared signatures of the fighter aircraft with and without infrared suppression techniques were calculated by computational fluid dynamics software and self-developed infrared calculation code. The effects of infrared suppression techniques on the infrared radiation signatures of fighter aircraft were analyzed. The results revealed that by reducing the temperature of exhaust system and the emissivity of fuselage, the infrared signature of fighter aircraft could be significantly reduced in all directions. For the case studied in this paper, the integrated radiation intensity in 3~5 μm and 8~14 μm waveband was reduced by 61.7% and 62.1% in the rear direction respectively.
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    Edge Serration Design and Analysis Method of RF/IR Beam Combiners
    TIAN Yi, WANG Chaofeng, LI Yanhong, ZHANG Li
    Air & Space Defense. 2020, 3 (4): 73-80.  
    Abstract   PDF (19158KB) ( 86 )
    To reduce the influence on the field uniformity in the working zone caused by edge diffraction effect from the RF (radio frequency)/IR (infrared) beam combiner,the edge serration design method for beam combiners is proposed by using geometrical theory of diffraction and aperture field integral.In order to separate the direct wave and diffracted wave, the spatial and frequency domain field computed by aperture field integral is transformed into the angular and time domain spectrum by inverse Fourier transform. An edge serration design example is also proposed and analysed. By comparing the field uniformity in spatial, time and angular domains before and after serrating the edges, the amplitude and phase ripples decrease from 2.87 dB and 18.76° to 1.00 dB and 8.41°respectively. The results show that the field uniformity is significantly improved by serrated edge.
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    Research on Electromagnetic Pulse Simulation and Test Method of Precision Guided Weapons
    ZHANG Jiangnan, WU Hao, QIAO Liang, WANG Xin, CHEN Fei
    Air & Space Defense. 2020, 3 (4): 81-88.  
    Abstract   PDF (12948KB) ( 233 )
    Aiming at the problem of electromagnetic pulse damage assessment of precision guided weapons, a method of combining CST simulation, injection test and irradiation test was proposed, and the target vulnerability, irradiation simulation of precision guided weapons under electromagnetic pulse irradiation, injection and irradiation test methods were studied. The damage mechanism, coupling results, and injection and irradiation test methods were obtained. The combination of CST simulation and injection test can effectively reduce the cost of the research on the effect of precision guided weapons, and the irradiation test was used to verify the results of CST simulation and injection test. It provided a reference for the research methods and protection of electromagnetic pulse effects of precision guided weapons.
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    Infrared Broadband Spectral Modulation and Control Technology
    YANG Yang , SHI Rui , ZHANG Xiaowei, ZHANG Sichen, LI Fang, SHEN Tao, SU Xiaoting
    Air & Space Defense. 2020, 3 (4): 89-95.  
    Abstract   PDF (5459KB) ( 161 )
    To meet the requirement of infrared multispectral guidance hardwareintheloop simulation, an infrared broadband spectral modulation and control method is proposed in this paper and a prototype of spectral modulator is designed and developed. The spectral modulator achieves spectral modulation and control by using the prism and digital micro mirror arrays (DMD). Test results show that the prototype of modulator works in 2~12μm and the precision of peak wavelength control is better than 100nm. This method solves the quantitative control of IR spectral distribution in IR multispectral scene simulation and can be used in the design and development of infrared multispectral scene simulator.
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    Research on Dual-band Infrared Image Generation Technology Based on Dual MOS Resistor Array
    CHEN Haiyan, ZHAO Songqing, WU Genshui, HAO Yanyun, LI Rui, ZHANG Fan
    Air & Space Defense. 2020, 3 (4): 96-102.  
    Abstract   PDF (6993KB) ( 48 )
    Aiming at the problem of image generation in hardwareintheloop simulation of infrared dualband guidance system, the technology of dual-band infrared image generation was studied.The research status of dual-band infrared image generation system at home and abroad was briefly introduced, and the principle and the mode of dual-band infrared image generation system were analyzed. A scheme of dual-band infrared image generation system based on the MOS resistor array was designed. The calibration method of dual-band radiation characteristic for MOS resistor array and the pixel alignment method of dual resistor array were explained. Finally, the structural design result of dual-band IR image generation system, transmittance curve of beam combiner, and the alignment result of image element were given, and the calculation result of dual-band radiation luminance was also provided.
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    Phase Error Self-extraction Method for Wideband Imaging Target Simulation System
    XU Xiao, LU Gehui, HUANG Shan, WANG Liquan, CHAI Juanfang
    Air & Space Defense. 2020, 3 (4): 103-108.  
    Abstract   PDF (5550KB) ( 85 )
    Wide-band imaging technology has widely been used in military and civil fields. Imaging simulation technology has also developed rapidly and wide-band imaging target simulation technology is the focus of development. At present, in-band flatness and signal coherence are the important factors that affect the simulation accuracy of imaging targets. Based on the analysis of all-phase algorithm, this paper presents a method of phase error selfextraction for wideband imaging system, and designs the structure of system phase error extraction based on system self-built echo. Finally, the experimental results show that the phase extraction error of wideband imaging target simulation system is less than 0.4%.
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    Simulation and Modeling of Chaff Cloud Radar Echo Based on Linear FM Signal
    SHENG Mengmeng, ZHANG Yexin, CHENG Yu
    Air & Space Defense. 2020, 3 (4): 109-113.  
    Abstract   PDF (8618KB) ( 71 )
    In order to verify the chaff jamming characteristics and research the antichaff jamming performance of radar, according to the chaff jamming characteristics and chaff cloud movement model, the chaff cloud echo model is established. Aiming at different types of chaff jamming such as centroid chaff jamming and dilution chaff jamming, the model of chaff cloud echo is established and the characteristic of chaff cloud is verified. By comparing with the real echo data, the result indicates that the chaff cloud echo simulated has the same characteristic as the test data, which has certain significance to research on chaff cloud jamming.
    echo; chaff cloud; jamming; centroid; dilution
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    An Out-of-band Noise Suppression Technique for W-band Target Simulation System
    WANG Liquan, QI Bin, HUANG Shan, XIAO Liang, CHEN Dehong
    Air & Space Defense. 2020, 3 (4): 114-120.  
    Abstract   PDF (5624KB) ( 100 )

    W-band target simulation system is usually suffered from out-of-band noise. In this paper, a w-band microstrip band-stop filter based on lowpass prototype and quarter-wavelength microtrip is proposed. The equivalent circuit analysis method and the 3D electromagnetic field simulation are used to design and optimize the filter. The layout of designed filter is millimeter size in overall. Simulation results show that the filter is of low inband insertion loss,high out-of-band noise suppression and a steep transition band. Therefore, the band-stop filter can be used on W-band target simulation system for out-of-band noise suppression.

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    Effectiveness Evaluation Method of Ship-to-air Missile Weapon System Based on Stage Characteristics of Flight Course
    ZHANG Xingyou
    Air & Space Defense. 2020, 3 (4): 121-126.  
    Abstract   PDF (3995KB) ( 105 )
    In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the ship-to-air missile weapon system with stage flight characteristics more effectively, a new staged ADC system effectiveness evaluation method is proposed based on the traditional ADC effectiveness evaluation method. The flight course of the ship-to-air missile weapon system is divided into three stages, that is initial stage, middle stage and terminal stage. And then the credibility of the system can be achieved by the product of credibility of each stage. The results show that compared with traditional ADC system effectiveness evaluation method, the new method is more comprehensive and accurate in the analysis and calculation of credibility, and results are more in line with actual working process of ship-to-air missile weapon system.
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    Research on Anti-jamming Performance Simulation Test and Evaluation Technology of Infrared Seeker
    LI Qi, LI Fan, TANG Shanjun, WANG Bingqian, ZHANG Li
    Air & Space Defense. 2020, 3 (4): 127-133.  
    Abstract   PDF (4932KB) ( 303 )
    It is difficult to fully verify the anti-jamming performance of infrared seeker in field flight test, and it is difficult to find out the ultimate performance of the equipment facing the actual combat. Thinking of the characteristics of performance verification test, this paper discusses how to use various test resources such as digital simulation, hardware-in-the-loop (HWIL) simulation and filed test to construct the anti-jamming test environment of infrared seeker and the method of test verification. The credibility of the test system is also analyzed by taking the infrared anti-jamming HWIL simulation test as an example. It can provide inspiration and reference for the development of IR missile anti-jamming performance verification and test evaluation technology.
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    Research on Similarity Evaluation for Target Simulation Model Based on Feature Analysis
    LI Fan, ZHANG Xiaowei, WANG Bingqian, GENG Xu, LI qi
    Air & Space Defense. 2020, 3 (4): 134-140.  
    Abstract   PDF (4275KB) ( 118 )
    A methodology of similarity evaluation for target simulation model based on feature analysis was proposed. Features of infrared target simulation model were analyzed and similarity evaluation model was established. Furthermore, similarity evaluation method based on AHP was discussed in detail. Finally, the proposed method was applied to model validation. Application result showed that this method could effectively decrease the risk brought by a single index for evaluation, and it provided a reference for model verification.
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Sponsor
Chinese Association for Physiological Sciences Academy of Military Medical Sciences Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine
Associate Sponsor
Institute of Basic Medical Sciences
Editor in Chief
WANG Hai
Edited and Published by
Editorial Board,Chinese Journal of Applide Physiology;Dali Dao,Tinanjin 300050,China



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