With the introduction of operational concepts such as distributed warfare and mosaic warfare, operational concepts have dramatically emphasized the characteristics of decentralization, increasing the overall resilience of the system-of-systems. The fundamental theoretical understanding of the resilience of the equipment system-of-systems (ESoS) impacts theoretical and practical research and focuses on the latest research of ESoS. First, this paper has expounded on the understanding of the concept of ESoS resilience. Then, the tenacity behaviour of ESoS was analyzed in advance, during and after the system-of-systems confrontation. Finally, suggestions for improving the resilience of the ESoS and thoughts on the construction of a strong and resilient ESoS were proposed. This paper thus provides a reference for the construction and development of the domestic military's robust and resilient ESoS.

The types of models of the joint combat simulation experiments are rich, while the design, the evaluation and the analysis of the simulation experiment are complex. Thus, the scenarios for the application of the experimental results are diverse. Therefore, multi-level models are required for joint combat experiments and analysis. The hierarchy of entities has been generally studied by aggregation and disaggregation but still lacks suitable description, analysis, and integration methods for the hierarchy of combat processes models. According to the existing methods of hierarchical description and analysis, this paper utilized the concept of a hierarchical tree to describe the process models of different levels. The structure, operation and application of the hierarchical tree were analyzed systematically. The specific application of the process hierarchical tree was introduced with examples. The hierarchical tree description of the process model can contribute to the multi-level joint simulation application analysis and multi-level model management, and can effectively improve the interoperability and reusability of models at different levels.

With the progress of technology, the engineering system has become increasingly sophisticated and complex. Whether the simulation can represent real entities in the real world has been considered as a major concern. Simulation VV&A is the key to ensuring the correctness and credibility of a simulation. The VV&A standard regulates how to perform its work and standardize its activities, which has engineering practical significance. This article initially summarized the development process of foreign VV&A standards. Then, the similarities and differences between simulation VV&A standards abroad were compared and analyzed. Finally, the future development direction of simulation VV&A standards was proposed.

A system effectiveness evaluation index screening method based on grey principal component analysis was proposed to solve the limited sample size and irregular sample distribution in system effectiveness evaluation. The geometric similarity of the serial curve evaluated the correlation of the evaluation index with combat effectiveness. The association between combat effectiveness and evaluation index was quantified by the correlation degree and screening key index in system effectiveness evaluation. This method can verify the feasibility of missile defence.

Operational effectiveness evaluation has been widely used in various weapon and equipment validation studies to assess the capability of specific operational mission objectives. This paper has provided a summarized analysis of the current problems and challenges. Then, it reviewed three categories of equipment system operational effectiveness evaluation methods: multi-attribute decision-making, complex networks, and machine learning algorithms. The research status of the above approaches was analyzed. In addition, this paper has summarized the supporting technologies for equipment system operational effectiveness evaluation, respectively, indicator reduction and optimization. Finally, according to the current research progress, expected research directions for future evaluation are proposed.

With the evolution of combat modes and advancements in hypersonic-related technologies, hypersonic vehicles have emerged as the major threat in future warfare. This will inevitably trigger new tactical strategies and military doctrines. This paper has provided a systematic review of the development of hypersonic vehicles from major military powers and introduced its current stage of equipment for defense systems. Based on the above analysis, this paper proposes three defending strategies against hypersonic vehicles, which includes building a comprehensive information network, creating an all-encompassing interception posture, and improving a full-factor command and control platform. These strategies contribute to the reference for the construction and development of hypersonic vehicle defense systems and are valuable to counter the growing threat posed by hypersonic vehicles in future warfare.

The missile-borne integrated avionics system determines the development of the electronic and electrical equipment of the missile. It can effectively improve integration, modularization, and miniaturization while reducing costs. This paper first introduced the concept and system composition of an integrated avionics system. Then, it summarized the development status domestically and abroad and expounded on the development trend and key technologies of missile-brone integrated avionics systems, including high-speed serial bus, time-sharing partition operating systems, and microsystem. Finally, the existing challenges and future development trends were summarized.

The use of small loitering munitions in the Armenia-Azerbaijan and the Russia-Ukraine conflicts has once again driven the interests of global military powers to develop loitering munitions. Taking foreign small loitering munitions as the main research object, this paper has discussed the development history of loitering munitions, including the development status of several typical small loitering munitions and their respective latest development of operational applications, and summarized and compared their performance parameters. According to the study of typical types of operational applications of small loitering munitions and their operational advantages, countermeasure suggestions were proposed for future early warning systems to cope with small loitering munitions operations, thus providing a reference for the construction and development of early warning systems.

Mars, a terrestrial planet which most closely resembles Earth in the solar system, may have signs of life. Although existing exploration robots can conduct massive scientific investigations on Mars, they cannot replicate human scientists to study those samples in an Earth-based laboratory using advanced equipment. Therefore, the mission of Mars Sampling Return (MSR) has significant scientific value. Unlike the moon and other small bodies, the atmospheric environment on Mars is extremely unstable which challenges the task of sending the Mars Ascent Vehicle (MAV) with samples safely and stably from its surface to its orbiter. The MAV's launching technology is critical to the success of the mission. This paper has elaborated on the research status of MAV's launching technology and the technical characteristics of various existing launching methods, which could provide a reference for Chinese future Mars Sampling Return missions.

According to the Riemann invariant and Euler equations solution using a multi-block patched grid, and adopting the perturbation relation among downwash-Lag derivatives, the time rate of change of non-dimensional total angle of attack or deflection angle of each fin, and time rate of change of non-dimensional aerodynamic roll attitude, a method for rapid computation of Downwash-Lag derivatives has been developed in this study. The SDM dynamic derivative standard model was taken as an example to verify the method. The calculated results were in well agreement with the reference data. It has been proven with less runtime, higher accuracy and is useful in engineering. It can also be used to fasten the calculation of the downwash-Lag derivatives of flying vehicles with complicated configurations. This method was tested to obtain the pith rotation derivative and downwash-Lag derivative of SDM standard mode at a 5-degree angle of attack in the sub-/transonic/supersonic range. The results present a particular difference between the results in whether to consider the time difference in the sub-/transonic range, and the influence of downwash-Lag gradually decreases with the increase of the incoming Mach number, and this can be ignored under supersonic conditions.

To acquire precise control of weaponry and equipment health state, a decisive control method is proposed using comprehensive reasoning of big data. First, the whole life cycle data of weaponry and equipment was collected and processed to form knowledge as one of the characteristic attributes. Then, according to the dynamic control flow of weaponry and equipment health state, a mechanism of an integrated case using reasoning and rule base reasoning was proposed. Thirdly, the k-nearest neighbour algorithm is used to calculate similarity for case-based reasoning, and fact feature set matching was used for rule reasoning where new knowledge was constantly formed. Finally, taking the hydraulic system of a certain weapon as a case study, the control strategy was deduced from its health monitoring and other attribute data. The simulation results show that the integrated intelligent reasoning method integrated with big data can generate precise and accurate dynamic control decisions adapted to the health state of weaponry and equipment, and can effectively support the accurate management of the health state of weaponry and equipment.

In this study, a controller combining multivariable preset performance and sliding mode was designed for the attitude control of hypersonic variable sweep vehicles. Initially, the strong coupling nonlinear variable sweep vehicle model was created, where the preset performance control flow chart was produced, and the effectiveness of the controller was commissioned. Then, the preset performance function was designed for the attitude angle of the aircraft, and the error was homeomorphically mapped to resolve the constraints in the controller. After that, , the sliding mode controller and error compensator were established according to the converted error. Finally, the effectiveness of the attitude controller in the variable sweep process of the aircraft was verified via simulation; the superiority of the controller was verified by comparison with the sliding mode control; and the robustness of the controller was verified under wind disturbance.

To resolve the noise description in the traditional track correlation model is too ideal, thus a new multi-target track correlation model was proposed in this paper. The model utilized the uncertainty log-normal distribution from uncertainty theory to describe the track correlation noise. Taking a uniformly accelerated linear moving target as a case study, its motion equation and observation equation were re-constructed before the tracking filtering process was derived. To further verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed model, mixed noise was adopted to simulate various noises in a complex electromagnetic environment and verification under different noise environments, correlation algorithms, and target numbers was conducted. The results show that the model proposed has achieved better correlation accuracy and robustness.

The multi-unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) have the advantages of strong robustness, high detection accuracy, and high mission efficiency in the cooperative tracking of ground-moving targets, and therefore have significant research impacts. To solve the limitations of sensor information, how to use as little target state information to effectively achieve stable tracking of targets has become one of the critical problems where fixed-wing UAVs shall achieve fixed-range hover tracking. Based on tracking stability, a multi-UAV cooperative guidance law with an equal phase difference between neighbouring aircraft was designed to solve the problem of multi-UAV cooperative target tracking. It was generated by combining the two laws to form a multi-UAV cooperative target tracking and guidance law. Finally, the experimental simulation results of tracking variable-speed moving targets have verified the effectiveness and feasibility of the scheme, which is critical to the cooperative target tracking of multi-UAV.

To reduce the size of the filter integrated switch (FIS), a compact single-pole-double-throw (SPDT) filtering switch based on a tri-mode resonator was proposed in this paper. Compared with the conventional FIS, this design could reduce the number of the multi-mode resonator in the SPDT filtering switch by adopting different resonator modes and coupling paths in one single resonator with a PIN diode, which would greatly decrease the size of the FISSPDT filtering switch. In addition, a PIN diode was introduced at the end of the feeding line to increase the off-state isolation of the SPDT filtering switch. Results show that the centre frequency of the on-state switch is 975 MHz and the 3dB bandwidth is 250 MHz. The on-state insertion loss was better than 2.4dB and the common port return loss is better than 20 dB. The on-state port return loss is better than 15dB and the off-state suppression is better than 23 dB.