Abstract: This study puts forward the new concept of Cognitive Psychology of Interpretation/Interpreting (CPI), thereafter studies its introduction, formation, definition, characteristics, objects, prospect and so on herein. That the concept of CPI has formally been raised indicates that not only CPI as a new theory will be deeply studied by experts and scholars in both theoretical and empirical ways, but also CPI as a new independent researching discipline will be learned by postgraduates in terms of curricula. Therefore, this research program has both the prominent potential of theoretical researches and the effectiveness of interdisciplinary permeation. It hence helps interpreting studies to develop from surface to depth, from holism to degrees, from one level to multi-levels, and from one modality to multimodalities.