诊断学理论与实践 ›› 2020, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (02): 115-121.doi: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2020.02.004
收稿日期:
2019-02-27
出版日期:
2020-04-25
发布日期:
2020-04-25
通讯作者:
常春康
E-mail:changchunkang@sina.com
XIAO Chao, TAO Ying, SONG Luxi, ZHAO Youshan, WU Lingyun, CHANG Chunkang()
Received:
2019-02-27
Online:
2020-04-25
Published:
2020-04-25
Contact:
CHANG Chunkang
E-mail:changchunkang@sina.com
摘要:
目的:分析88例骨髓增殖性疾病(myeloproliferative neoplasm,MPN)患者的临床资料,比较原发性骨髓纤维化前期(prefibrotic primary myelofibrosis,pre-PMF)与明显的原发性骨髓纤维化(overt-primary myelofibrosis,overt-PMF)、原发性血小板增多症(essential thrombocythemia,ET)患者的临床表现区别。方法:收集我院2015年1月至2018年1月连续诊断的88例MPN患者的临床相关参数(包括诊断分型、血常规检测结果、脾肿大状况、骨髓巨核细胞数和纤维化程度、相关基因突变等),进行比较分析。结果:连续纳入88例MPN患者的中位年龄为61岁(20~88岁),有32例(36%)为≥65岁的老年人, 46例(52%)为男性,22例(25%)出现脾肿大;检出JAK2 V617F突变者为51例(58%),CALR突变者为5例(6%),MPL突变者为2例(2%),三阴性者为30例(34%)。88例患者分型诊断为真性红细胞增多症(polycythemia vera,PV)者共20例;ET为23例;PMF共45例,其中pre-PMF为23例(占PMF的51%),overt-PMF为22例(占49%)。在overt-PMF患者中,CALR基因突变阳性率高达18%(4/22)。pre-PMF患者的临床症状比overt-PMF患者轻,其出现血红蛋白含量和血小板计数低下的比例及平均乳酸脱氢酶水平均比overt-PMF患者低(P 值分别为0.048、0.034、0.037)。pre-PMF患者与ET患者的临床表现相似,而pre-PMF患者中出现脾肿大的百分比及白细胞增多的百分比高于ET患者(26%比4%,61%比17%,P值为0.043和0.007),且随访发现,ET患者的中位生存时间比pre-PMF患者长(前者未达,后者为94个月,P=0.038)。在pre-PMF中,三阴性患者又比JAK2突变患者的中位年龄小(59岁比62岁,P=0.030)、发生脾肿大例数多(4例比2例,P=0.017)。结论:MPN是一组异质性克隆性血液系统疾病。pre-PMF与overt-PMF患者呈现出不同的临床表现和预后,区分两者很有必要。pre-PMF与ET的临床表现相似,但预后不同,ET预后较好,通过组织形态学诊断结合次要临床标准来区分两者极为重要。
中图分类号:
肖超, 陶英, 宋陆茜, 赵佑山, 吴凌云, 常春康. 88例骨髓增殖性疾病患者的临床资料分析[J]. 诊断学理论与实践, 2020, 19(02): 115-121.
XIAO Chao, TAO Ying, SONG Luxi, ZHAO Youshan, WU Lingyun, CHANG Chunkang. Clinical analysis of 88 patients with myeloproliferative neoplasm[J]. Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice, 2020, 19(02): 115-121.
表1
88例患者的临床特点[n(%),中位数(范围)]
参数 | PV(n=20) | ET(n=23) | pre-PMF(n=23) | overt-PMF(n=22) | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
性别(男/女) | 14/6 | 7/16 | 12/11 | 13/9 | 0.062 |
年龄(岁) | 61(20~82) | 57(21~88) | 61(21~77) | 65(29~86) | 0.724 |
≥65岁 | 7(35%) | 7(30%) | 7(30%) | 11(50%) | 0.051 |
突变情况 | |||||
JAK2 V617F突变 | 15(75%) | 14(61%) | 10(43%) | 12(55%) | 0.214 |
CALR突变 | 0 | 1(4%) | 0 | 4(18%) | 0.027 |
MPL突变 | 0 | 2(9%) | 0 | 0 | 0.125 |
三阴性 | 5(25%) | 6(26%) | 13(57%) | 6(27%) | 0.072 |
脾肿大 | 3(15%) | 1(4%) | 6(26%) | 12(55%) | 0.001 |
明显的骨髓纤维化 | 8(40%) | 7(30%) | 0 | 22(100%) | <0.001 |
白细胞增多[n(%)] | 3(15%) | 4(17%) | 14(61%) | 17(77%) | 0.008 |
血红蛋白含量降低 | 0 | 1(4%) | 5(22%) | 11(50%) | <0.001 |
血小板计数降低(n) | 1(5%) | 0 | 1(4%) | 6(27%) | 0.003 |
LDH均值(U/L) | 254.0±150.8 | 316.0±271.3 | 328.0±255.8 | 668.0±388.9 | 0.010 |
骨髓巨核细胞中位数(个/mm2) | 42(3~120) | 51(1~93) | 23(6~107) | 127(11~273) | <0.001 |
表2
各基因分组患者的临床特点[n(%),中位数(范围)]
参数 | JAK2 V617F突变(n=51) | 三阴性(n=30) | CALR突变(n=5) | MPL突变(n=2) | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
性别(男/女) | 23/28 | 20/10 | 3/2 | 0/2 | 0.057 |
年龄(岁) | 64(29~88) | 52(20~79) | 46(21~63) | 64(61~67) | 0.027 |
≥65岁 | 24(47%) | 7(23%) | 0 | 1(50%) | 0.281 |
脾肿大 | 12(24%) | 8(27%) | 2(40%) | 0 | 0.060 |
白细胞增多 | 24(47%) | 12(40%) | 4(80%) | 0 | 0.439 |
血红蛋白含量降低 | 8(16%) | 8(27%) | 1(20%) | 0 | 0.914 |
血小板计数降低 | 4(8%) | 4(13%) | 1(20%) | 0 | 0.015 |
LDH均值(U/L) | 402±339 | 348±265 | 839±88 | 153±32 | 0.443 |
中重度骨髓纤维化 | 24(47%) | 8(27%) | 5(100%) | 0 | 0.001 |
骨髓巨核细胞中位数(个/mm2) | 52(6~273) | 28(3~82) | 111(70~120) | 88(85~91) | 0.234 |
表3
pre-PMF与overt-PMF、ET患者的临床特点比较[n(%),中位数(范围)]
参数 | ET组(n=23) | pre-PMF组(n=23) | overt-PMF组(n=22) | P1值 | P2值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
性别(男/女) | 7/16 | 12/11 | 13/9 | 0.134 | 0.641 |
年龄(岁) | 57(21~88) | 61(21~77) | 65(29~86) | 0.969 | 0.313 |
≥65岁 | 7(30%) | 7(30%) | 11(50%) | 1.000 | 0.181 |
脾肿大 | 1(4%) | 6(26%) | 12(55%) | 0.043 | 0.051 |
白细胞增多 | 4(17%) | 14(61%) | 17(77%) | 0.007 | 0.235 |
血红蛋白含量降低 | 1(4%) | 5(22%) | 11(50%) | 0.189 | 0.048 |
血小板计数降低 | 0 | 1(4%) | 6(27%) | 1.000 | 0.034 |
LDH均值(U/L) | 316.0±271.3 | 328.0±255.8 | 668.0±388.9 | 0.922 | 0.037 |
表4
PMF中JAK2突变患者与三阴性患者的临床特点比较[n(%),中位数(范围)]
项目 | pre-PMF | overt-PMF | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
JAK2 V617F突变(n=10) | 三阴性(n=13) | P值 | JAK2 V617F突变(n=12) | 三阴性(n=6) | P值 | ||
性别(男/女) | 3/7 | 9/4 | 0.463 | 9/3 | 3/3 | 0.294 | |
年龄(岁) | 65(35~77) | 50(21~75) | 0.030 | 63(29~71) | 71(43~79) | 0.982 | |
≥65岁 | 5(50%) | 2(15%) | 0.092 | 4(33%) | 4(67%) | 0.201 | |
脾肿大 | 0 | 6(46%) | 0.017 | 8(67%) | 2(33%) | 0.321 | |
白细胞增多 | 7(70%) | 7(54%) | 0.363 | 9(75%) | 4(67%) | 0.561 | |
血红蛋白含量降低 | 1(10%) | 4(31%) | 0.251 | 4(33%) | 4(67%) | 0.201 | |
血小板计数降低 | 0 | 1(8%) | 0.565 | 5(42%) | 1(17%) | 0.306 | |
LDH均值(U/L) | 472±343 | 257±198 | 0.260 | 682±443 | 448±414 | 0.527 |
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