Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice ›› 2023, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (02): 147-153.doi: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.02.007

• Original article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Value of heparin-binding protein in diagnosis of bloodstream infection

LIN Han1, ZUBAIREGULI Maimaitiabula2, SU Tongxuan1()   

  1. 1. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200020, China
    2. Department of Laboratory Medicine,Xinjiang Hetian Infectious Disease Hospital,Xinjiang Hetian 848000, China
  • Received:2022-06-24 Online:2023-04-25 Published:2023-08-31

Abstract:

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of heparin-binding protein (HBP) in bloodstream infections. Methods: Two hundred and seven inpatients with positive blood culture results and 94 inpatients with negative results admitted to Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2021 to January 2022 were enrolled. The levels of HBP, procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), and neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio (NLCR) were detected on the day of blood culture specimens were collected. The levels of each biomarker between the blood culture positive group and the negative group were compared. The comparison of HBP levels in patients with bloodstream infection between different pathogens was also conducted. The receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) were used to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of the above biomarkers and combined detection for bloodstream infection. Results: The levels of all the biomarkers were significantly elevated in patients with positive blood culture compared with those with negative results. Moreover, HBP levels in patients infected with Gram-positive bacterial were not significantly different from those infected with Gram-negative bacterial (median 70.26 ng/mL vs 89.15 ng/mL), but both of them were significantly higher than those in patients infected with fungi (median 22.90 ng/mL). The ROC curves for the diagnosis of bloodstream infections showed that HBP demonstrated a higher area under the curve (0.742, sensitivity 66.80%, specificity 74.40%), compared with WBC (0.622, sensitivity 64.70%, specificity 59.80%), ANC (0.651, sensitivity 51.60%, specificity 75.60%) and NLCR (0.618, sensitivity 72.10%, specificity 48.80%) significantly (P<0.05). After excluding patients with malignancies or hematopoietic disorders, the diagnostic value of HBP showed a similar result (0.708, sensitivity 60.50%, specificity 78.70%). The detection of combined HBP and PCT was an optimal choose for bloodstream infection, with an area under the curve of 0.751. Conclusions: HBP possesses a significant diagnostic value for bloodstream infections, and combination of HBP and PCT may be the preferred approach for accurate diagnosis.

Key words: Bloodstream infection, Heparin-binding protein, Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein

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