年龄相关B细胞在系统性红斑狼疮中的研究进展

doi:10.16138/j.1673-6087.2025.04.13

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

年龄相关B细胞（age-associated B cell, ABC）是一种新型效应B细胞亚群，其特征是随年龄增长不断扩增，但在某些自身免疫性疾病和(或)感染性疾病患者中会过早异常表达。ABC在小鼠及人体中均高表达CD11c和转录因子T-bet，低表达CD21，被认为是由自身抗原驱动的记忆B细胞亚型，具备分化为浆母细胞并产生自身抗体的潜能。系统性红斑狼疮（systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE）中ABC异常扩增，并与疾病活动度及脏器受累相关。其中单基因突变诱导ABC增殖分化为滤泡外效应B细胞是促进自身抗体生成并加速疾病进展的重要机制。最新研究揭示，锌指E盒结合同源盒2（zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2, ZEB2）是ABC细胞谱系特化的关键转录因子，ZEB2-Janus激酶（Janus kinase，JAK）-信号转导及转录活化因子（signal transducer and activator of transcription，STAT）通路在其分化中发挥核心作用。深入探究ABC在SLE发病机制中的作用，有助于为临床治疗提供新靶点。

关键词: 年龄相关B细胞, 系统性红斑狼疮, 自身抗体

Abstract:

Age associated B cell (ABC) is a new type of effector B cell subset, which is characterized by continuous expansion with age. However, it is abnormally expressed prematurely in patients with certain autoimmune diseases and/or infectious diseases. ABC highly expresses CD11c and transcription factor T-bet in mice and human, and lowly expresses CD21. ABC is considered a memory B cell subtype driven by autoantigen and has the potential to differentiate into plasmablasts and produce autoantibodies. In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), ABC is abnormally amplified and correlated with disease activity and organ involvement. An important mechanism to promote the production of autoantibodies and accelerate disease progression is the single gene mutation inducing the proliferation and differentiation of ABC into extrafollicular effector B cell. Recent studies have revealed that zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) is a key transcription factor for the specialization of the ABC cell lineage, and the ZEB2-Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway play a core role in their differentiation. Further study on the role of ABC in the pathogenesis of SLE will help to provide new targets for clinical treatment.

Key words: Age-associated B cell, Systemic lupus erythematosus, Lupus autoantibodies

中图分类号:

R593.24

范宇馨, 宾泽萱, 张鑫, 罗静, 王彩虹. 年龄相关B细胞在系统性红斑狼疮中的研究进展[J]. 内科理论与实践, 2025, 20(04): 328-333.

FAN Yuxin, BIN Zexuan, ZHANG Xin, LUO Jing, WANG Caihong. Advances in age-associated B cell in systemic lupus erythematosus[J]. Journal of Internal Medicine Concepts & Practice, 2025, 20(04): 328-333.

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