Journal of Internal Medicine Concepts & Practice ›› 2024, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (02): 95-101.doi: 10.16138/j.1673-6087.2024.02.02
• Original article • Previous Articles Next Articles
CHEN Junxiu, SHI Qun, QIN Li, WU Yiming()
Received:
2023-08-10
Online:
2024-04-30
Published:
2024-07-08
Contact:
WU Yiming
E-mail:18800204186@163.com
CLC Number:
CHEN Junxiu, SHI Qun, QIN Li, WU Yiming. Study on correlation between thyroid hormone levels and cardiac function in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients[J]. Journal of Internal Medicine Concepts & Practice, 2024, 19(02): 95-101.
Table 1
Comparison of basic data between male and female groups [$\bar{x} \pm s$/n(%)/M(Q1,Q3)]
项目 | 男性(n=298) | 女性(n=228) | t/Z/χ2 | P |
---|---|---|---|---|
年龄(岁) | 58.00(50.75,65.00) | 60.00(54.00,65.00) | -1.953 | 0.051 |
糖尿病病程(月) | 98.42±5.35 | 105.87±5.77 | -0.938 | 0.349 |
舒张压(mmHg) | 79.15±10.69 | 78.26±11.3 | 0.929 | 0.353 |
收缩压(mmHg) | 134.75±20.06 | 138.00±18.67 | -1.896 | 0.058 |
心率(次/min) | 84(75,91) | 83(76,91) | -0.340 | 0.734 |
身高(cm) | 169.00(164.50,173.5) | 157.00(154.00,160.00) | -16.413 | <0.001 |
体重(kg) | 71.05(64.68,78.93) | 61.75(56.00,69.40) | -9.190 | <0.001 |
BMI(kg/m2) | 24.90(23.00,27.30) | 25.05(22.73,27.75) | -0.220 | 0.826 |
内脏脂肪(cm2) | 86.00(56.20,120.00) | 79.00(51.35,104.95) | -1.400 | 0.161 |
皮下脂肪(cm2) | 165.00(123.70,212.00) | 176(141.45,219.70) | -1.614 | 0.107 |
HbA1c(%) | 10(9,11) | 10(9,12) | -1.184 | 0.237 |
Hb (g/L) | 149(141,159) | 137(126,145) | -10.059 | <0.001 |
ALT (U/L) | 14(9,20) | 12(8,19) | -1.446 | 0.148 |
AST (U/L) | 20.00(14.00,27.00) | 21.00(14.00,28.50) | -1.116 | 0.264 |
BUN(mmol/L) | 6.30(5.10,7.60) | 5.65(4.60,6.88) | -3.837 | <0.001 |
Cr (μmol/L) | 66.00(57.00,82.25) | 48.50(40.00,60.00) | -10.913 | <0.001 |
UA (μmol/L) | 310(260,390) | 260(220,350) | -6.150 | <0.001 |
TG (mmol/L) | 1.52(0.96,2.59) | 1.43(1.01,2.01) | -0.947 | 0.344 |
TC (mmol/L) | 4.96(4.01,5.88) | 5.22(4.57,6.22) | -3.393 | 0.001 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.46(1.22,1.80) | 1.73(1.34,2.06) | -4.793 | <0.001 |
LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.94±1.01 | 3.22±1.07 | -3.066 | 0.002 |
FT3(pmol/L) | 4.73(4.32,5.15) | 4.48(4.14,4.84) | -4.538 | <0.001 |
FT4(pmol/L) | 17.78±6.68 | 16.70±2.46 | 2.316 | 0.021 |
TSH (mU/L) | 1.66(1.14,2.32) | 2.01(1.30,2.84) | -3.360 | 0.001 |
LAD (mm) | 34(32,36) | 32(30,34) | -6.535 | <0.001 |
IVST (mm) | 10(10,10) | 10(9,10) | -3.907 | <0.001 |
LVEDD (mm) | 48.00(45.00,50.00) | 45.00(42.25,48.00) | -7.120 | <0.001 |
LVPWT (mm) | 10(10,10) | 10(9,10) | -5.076 | <0.001 |
LVEF (%) | 63(60,67) | 65(61,68) | -2.757 | 0.006 |
LVESD (mm) | 31(29,33) | 29(27,31) | -6.546 | <0.001 |
AORD (mm) | 32.00(30.00,33.00) | 29.00(27.00,31.75) | -8.713 | <0.001 |
Table 2
Correlation between thyroid function and various indicators in the general population
指标 | FT3 | FT4 | TSH | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
r | P | r | P | r | P | |||
舒张压 (mmHg) | 0.155 | <0.001 | -0.034 | 0.436 | 0.044 | 0.318 | ||
收缩压 (mmHg) | 0.079 | 0.070 | -0.047 | 0.277 | 0.093 | 0.034 | ||
糖尿病病程 (月) | -0.090 | 0.039 | -0.002 | 0.970 | 0.008 | 0.858 | ||
年龄(岁) | -0.133 | 0.087 | -0.083 | <0.001 | 0.051 | 0.005 | ||
BMI (kg/m2) | 0.187 | <0.001 | -0.001 | 0.975 | 0.084 | 0.055 | ||
HbA1c (%) | -0.243 | <0.001 | -0.013 | 0.764 | -0.107 | 0.014 | ||
LAD (mm) | 0.064 | 0.143 | 0.012 | 0.780 | -0.017 | 0.705 | ||
IVST (mm) | 0.067 | 0.124 | 0.016 | 0.711 | -0.051 | 0.245 | ||
LVEDD (mm) | 0.077 | 0.079 | 0.001 | 0.981 | 0.034 | 0.435 | ||
LVPWT (mm) | 0.098 | 0.025 | 0.038 | 0.389 | -0.025 | 0.561 | ||
LVEF (%) | -0.270 | 0.535 | -0.011 | 0.808 | 0.052 | 0.236 | ||
LVESD (mm) | 0.155 | <0.001 | 0.004 | 0.932 | 0.017 | 0.689 | ||
AORD (mm) | 0.100 | 0.022 | 0.070 | 0.111 | -0.065 | 0.135 |
Table 3
Correlation between thyroid function and various indicators in the male group
指标 | FT3 | FT4 | TSH | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
r | P | r | P | r | P | |||
舒张压(mmHg) | 0.242 | <0.001 | -0.067 | 0.250 | 0.065 | 0.266 | ||
收缩压(mmHg) | 0.182 | 0.002 | -0.071 | 0.225 | 0.049 | 0.397 | ||
糖尿病病程(月) | -0.067 | 0.248 | 0.024 | 0.674 | 0.064 | 0.270 | ||
年龄(岁) | -0.259 | <0.001 | -0.021 | 0.721 | 0.084 | 0.149 | ||
BMI(kg/m2) | 0.232 | <0.001 | -0.027 | 0.641 | 0.118 | 0.041 | ||
HbA1c(%) | -0.205 | 0.002 | 0.125 | 0.063 | -0.160 | 0.017 | ||
LAD (mm) | 0.038 | 0.509 | 0.004 | 0.950 | -0.009 | 0.875 | ||
IVST (mm) | 0.061 | 0.297 | 0.007 | 0.898 | -0.039 | 0.507 | ||
LVEDD (mm) | 0.040 | 0.495 | -0.025 | 0.661 | 0.079 | 0.174 | ||
LVPWT (mm) | 0.075 | 0.195 | 0.030 | 0.604 | -0.014 | 0.811 | ||
LVEF (%) | -0.041 | 0.477 | 0.036 | 0.541 | -0.018 | 0.754 | ||
LVESD (mm) | 0.073 | 0.208 | -0.045 | 0.442 | 0.114 | 0.050 | ||
AORD (mm) | 0.035 | 0.548 | 0.039 | 0.506 | -0.02 | 0.726 |
Table 4
Correlation between thyroid function and various indicators in the female group
指标 | FT3 | FT4 | TSH | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
r | P | r | P | r | P | |||
舒张压(mmHg) | 0.016 | 0.808 | 0.040 | 0.547 | 0.034 | 0.614 | ||
收缩压(mmHg) | -0.054 | 0.420 | 0.065 | 0.327 | 0.124 | 0.061 | ||
糖尿病病程(月) | -0.116 | 0.085 | -0.082 | 0.224 | -0.080 | 0.233 | ||
年龄(岁) | -0.056 | 0.402 | -0.092 | 0.167 | 0.030 | 0.650 | ||
BMI(kg/m2) | 0.120 | 0.072 | 0.091 | 0.173 | 0.045 | 0.502 | ||
HbA1c(%) | -0.331 | <0.001 | 0.053 | 0.493 | -0.018 | 0.812 | ||
LAD (mm) | 0.154 | 0.020 | -0.045 | 0.503 | 0.052 | 0.433 | ||
IVST (mm) | 0.024 | 0.724 | -0.010 | 0.880 | -0.045 | 0.494 | ||
LVEDD (mm) | 0.022 | 0.739 | -0.049 | 0.459 | 0.078 | 0.239 | ||
LVPWT (mm) | 0.042 | 0.524 | -0.040 | 0.551 | 0.038 | 0.572 | ||
LVEF (%) | 0.042 | 0.527 | -0.139 | 0.036 | 0.111 | 0.095 | ||
LVESD (mm) | 0.178 | 0.007 | 0.029 | 0.660 | 0.001 | 0.993 | ||
AORD (mm) | 0.046 | 0.491 | 0.033 | 0.621 | 0.003 | 0.967 |
Table 5
Multiple linear regression analysis of LVESD in the male group
指标 | β | t | P | VIF | F | R2 | Durbin-Watson |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
年龄(岁) | 0.054 | 0.831 | 0.407 | 1.394 | 6.627 | 0.118 | 1.898 |
糖尿病病程(月) | -0.071 | -1.181 | 0.239 | 1.200 | |||
BMI(kg/m2) | 0.28 | 4.733 | <0.001 | 1.165 | |||
HbA1c(%) | -0.187 | -3.162 | 0.002 | 1.171 | |||
舒张压(mmHg) | 0.127 | 1.637 | 0.103 | 2.011 | |||
收缩压(mmHg) | -0.07 | -0.896 | 0.371 | 2.038 | |||
FT3(pmol/L) | -0.043 | -0.721 | 0.472 | 1.214 |
Table 6
Multiple linear regression analysis of LVESD in the female group
指标 | β | t | P | VIF | F | R2 | Durbin-Watson |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
年龄(岁) | 0.227 | 3.202 | 0.002 | 1.315 | 6.90 | 0.158 | 1.786 |
糖尿病病程(月) | 0.279 | 4.327 | <0.001 | 1.356 | |||
BMI(kg/m2) | 0.012 | 0.162 | 0.871 | 1.083 | |||
HbA1c(%) | -0.019 | -0.292 | 0.770 | 1.127 | |||
舒张压(mmHg) | 0.031 | 0.385 | 0.701 | 1.685 | |||
收缩压(mmHg) | 0.054 | 0.688 | 0.492 | 1.639 | |||
FT3(pmol/L) | 0.162 | 2.47 | 0.014 | 1.129 |
[1] |
Wang L, Peng W, Zhao Z, et al. Prevalence and treatment of diabetes in China, 2013-2018[J]. JAMA, 2021, 326(24):2498-2506.
doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.22208 pmid: 34962526 |
[2] | Raghavan S, Vassy JL, Ho YL, et al. Diabetes mellitus-related all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a national cohort of adults[J]. J Am Heart Assoc, 2019, 8(4):e11295. |
[3] |
Gregg EW, Hora I, Benoit SR. Resurgence in diabetes-related complications[J]. JAMA, 2019, 321(19):1867-1868.
doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.3471 pmid: 30985875 |
[4] |
Joubert M, Manrique A, Cariou B, et al. Diabetes-related cardiomyopathy: the sweet story of glucose overload from epidemiology to cellular pathways[J]. Diabetes Metab, 2019, 45(3):238-247.
doi: S1262-3636(18)30124-1 pmid: 30078623 |
[5] |
Klein I, Danzi S. Thyroid disease and the heart[J]. Circulation, 2007, 116(15):1725-1735.
doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.678326 pmid: 17923583 |
[6] |
Eom YS, Wilson JR, Bernet VJ. Links between thyroid disorders and glucose homeostasis[J]. Diabetes Metab J, 2022, 46(2):239-256.
doi: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0013 pmid: 35385635 |
[7] |
Vargas-Uricoechea H, Sierra-Torres CH. Thyroid hormones and the heart[J]. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig, 2014, 18(1):15-26.
doi: 10.1515/hmbci-2013-0059 pmid: 25389997 |
[8] |
Roef GL, Rietzschel ER, van Daele CM, et al. Triiodothyronine and free thyroxine levels are differentially associated with metabolic profile and adiposity-related cardiovascular risk markers in euthyroid middle-aged subjects[J]. Thyroid, 2014, 24(2):223-231.
doi: 10.1089/thy.2013.0314 pmid: 24032604 |
[9] | Xu R, Huang F, Zhang S, et al. Thyroid function, body mass index, and metabolic risk markers in euthyroid adults[J]. BMC Endocr Disord, 2019, 19(1):58. |
[10] | Neves JS, Fontes-Carvalho R, Borges-Canha M, et al. Thyroid hormones within the normal range and cardiac function in the general population[J]. Eur Thyroid J, 2021, 10(2):150-160. |
[11] |
Zhu P, Lao G, Chen C, et al. TSH levels within the normal range and risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality among individuals with diabetes[J]. Cardiovasc Diabetol, 2022, 21(1):254.
doi: 10.1186/s12933-022-01698-z pmid: 36419168 |
[12] | Sun H, Saeedi P, Karuranga S, et al. IDF Diabetes Atlas: global, regional and country-level diabetes prevalence estimates for 2021 and projections for 2045[J]. Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 2022,183:109119. |
[13] |
Osuna PM, Udovcic M, Sharma MD. Hyperthyroidism and the heart[J]. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J, 2017, 13(2):60-63.
doi: 10.14797/mdcj-13-2-60 pmid: 28740583 |
[14] |
Udovcic M, Pena RH, Patham B, et al. Hypothyroidism and the heart[J]. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J, 2017, 13(2):55-59.
doi: 10.14797/mdcj-13-2-55 pmid: 28740582 |
[15] | Neves JS, Fontes-Carvalho R, Borges-Canha M, et al. Association of thyroid function, within the euthyroid range, with cardiovascular risk[J]. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 2022,13:1067801. |
[16] | Biondi B, Palmieri EA, Lombardi G, et al. Effects of thyroid hormone on cardiac function: the relative importance of heart rate, loading conditions, and myocardial contractility in the regulation of cardiac performance in human hyperthyroidism[J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2002, 87(3):968-974. |
[17] | Prisant LM, Gujral JS, Mulloy AL. Hyperthyroidism: a secondary cause of isolated systolic hypertension[J]. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich), 2006, 8(8):596-599. |
[18] | Popławska-Kita A, Siewko K, Telejko B, et al. The changes in the endothelial function and haemostatic and inflammatory parameters in subclinical and overt hyperthyroidism[J]. Int J Endocrinol, 2013, 2013:981638. |
[19] | Popławska-Kita A, Szelachowska M, Modzelewska A, et al. Endothelial dysfunction in Graves’ disease[J]. Adv Med Sci, 2013, 58(1):31-37. |
[20] |
Cikim AS, Oflaz H, Ozbey N, et al. Evaluation of endothelial function in subclinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism[J]. Thyroid, 2004, 14(8):605-609.
doi: 10.1089/1050725041692891 pmid: 15320973 |
[21] |
Konukoglu D, Uzun H. Endothelial dysfunction and hypertension[J]. Adv Exp Med Biol, 2017, 956:511-540.
doi: 10.1007/5584_2016_90 pmid: 28035582 |
[22] |
Gu Y, Zheng L, Zhang Q, et al. Relationship between thyroid function and elevated blood pressure in euthyroid adults[J]. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich), 2018, 20(10):1541-1549.
doi: 10.1111/jch.13369 pmid: 30260550 |
[23] | Xu R, Huang F, Zhang S, et al. Thyroid function, body mass index, and metabolic risk markers in euthyroid adults[J]. BMC Endocr Disord, 2019, 19(1):58. |
[24] |
Vargas-Uricoechea H, Bonelo-Perdomo A, Sierra-Torres CH. Effects of thyroid hormones on the heart[J]. Clin Investig Arterioscler, 2014, 26(6):296-309.
doi: 10.1016/j.arteri.2014.07.003 pmid: 25438971 |
[25] |
Razvi S, Jabbar A, Pingitore A, et al. Thyroid hormones and cardiovascular function and diseases[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2018, 71(16):1781-1796.
doi: S0735-1097(18)33379-5 pmid: 29673469 |
[26] |
Klein I, Danzi S. Thyroid disease and the heart[J]. Circulation, 2007, 116(15):1725-1735.
doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.678326 pmid: 17923583 |
[27] | Chen YC, Hsing SC, Chao YP, et al. Clinical relevance of the LVEDD and LVESD trajectories in HF patients with LVEF < 35[J]. Front Med (Lausanne), 2022,9:846361. |
[28] |
Tribouilloy C, Grigioni F, Avierinos JF, et al. Survival implication of left ventricular end-systolic diameter in mitral regurgitation due to flail leaflets a long-term follow-up multicenter study[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2009, 54(21):1961-1968.
doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.06.047 pmid: 19909877 |
[29] |
Jabbar A, Pingitore A, Pearce SH, et al. Thyroid hormones and cardiovascular disease[J]. Nat Rev Cardiol, 2017, 14(1):39-55.
doi: 10.1038/nrcardio.2016.174 pmid: 27811932 |
[30] |
Kjaergaard AD, Marouli E, Papadopoulou A, et al. Thyroid function, sex hormones and sexual function[J]. Eur J Epidemiol, 2021, 36(3):335-344.
doi: 10.1007/s10654-021-00721-z pmid: 33548002 |
[31] | Chen L, Zhang M, Xiang S, et al. Association between thyroid function and body composition in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients[J]. Med Sci Monit, 2021,27:e927440. |
[32] |
Yeon SB, Salton CJ, Gona P, et al. Impact of age, sex, and indexation method on MR left ventricular reference values in the Framingham Heart Study offspring cohort[J]. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2015, 41(4):1038-1045.
doi: 10.1002/jmri.24649 pmid: 24817313 |
[33] |
Petitto M, Esposito R, Sorrentino R, et al. Sex-specific echocardiographic reference values: the women's point of view[J]. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown), 2018, 19(10):527-535.
doi: 10.2459/JCM.0000000000000696 pmid: 30015781 |
[34] |
Brahmbhatt Y, Gupta M, Hamrahian S. Hypertension in premenopausal and postmenopausal women[J]. Curr Hypertens Rep, 2019, 21(10):74.
doi: 10.1007/s11906-019-0979-y pmid: 31451980 |
[35] | 陈玉莹. 实时三维超声心动图评价绝经前后女性的左心功能[D]. 大连医科大学, 2022. |
[1] | BAI Yuanyuan, HUO Lili, LI Wei, LAN Ling, DENG Wei. Occurrence and risk factors of hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion during perioperative period [J]. Journal of Internal Medicine Concepts & Practice, 2024, 19(02): 126-129. |
[2] | MIAO Jie, WANG Wei, ZHAO Yajie, ZHANG Fengru, SHEN Linhui. The correlation between free T3 level and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in elderly male patients with T2DM [J]. Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice, 2024, 23(02): 155-161. |
[3] | ZHANG Mengxiao, SUN Shuoshuo, WEI Xiao, ZHANG Shaohong, CHEN Guofang, LIU Chao. Ketogenic diet promotes hepatic lipid accumulation in db/db mice [J]. Journal of Internal Medicine Concepts & Practice, 2023, 18(01): 56-63. |
[4] | TIAN Peirong, LIU Yang, BIAN Shibo, LI Mengyi, ZHANG Meng, LIU Jia, JIN Lan, ZHANG Zhongtao, ZHANG Peng. Effect of bariatric and metabolic surgery on anemia related parameters: a retrospective study [J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2020, 25(05): 413-416. |
[5] | ZHANG Chenyang, ZHANG Hongwei, HAN Xiaodong, LIU Weijie, YU Haoyong, ZHANG Pin. Comparative study on weight loss and remission of metabolic disorders after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass versus laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy [J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2020, 25(05): 397-401. |
[6] | . [J]. Journal of Internal Medicine Concepts & Practice, 2020, 15(02): 99-104. |
[7] | . [J]. Journal of Internal Medicine Concepts & Practice, 2020, 15(01): 38-44. |
[8] | . [J]. Journal of Internal Medicine Concepts & Practice, 2019, 14(03): 178-182. |
[9] | . [J]. Journal of Internal Medicine Concepts & Practice, 2018, 13(06): 344-348. |
[10] | . [J]. Journal of Internal Medicine Concepts & Practice, 2018, 13(03): 153-157. |
[11] | TAN Jiaorong, TIAN Dongmei, YANG Xin, ZHANG Lijuan, WANG Fang, SU Yuxia. Study on relationship between vitamin D deficiency and incidence of diabetic nephropathy: A prospective follow-up study of three years [J]. Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice, 2018, 17(02): 176-180. |
[12] | . [J]. Journal of Internal Medicine Concepts & Practice, 2018, 13(02): 103-106. |
[13] | . [J]. Journal of Internal Medicine Concepts & Practice, 2017, 12(04): 283-287. |
[14] | JI Ri, ZHOU Chun, ZHAN Weiwei, YANG Zhifang, GUO Wenjia. Evaluation of foot microcirculation by contrast-enhanced ultrasound in elderly male type 2 DM and IGT patients [J]. Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice, 2017, 16(03): 287-291. |
[15] | . [J]. Journal of Internal Medicine Concepts & Practice, 2017, 12(02): 123-128. |
Viewed | ||||||
Full text |
|
|||||
Abstract |
|
|||||