Mechanisms and research progress of neurological damage caused by HIV and CMV from the perspective of co-infection

doi:10.16138/j.1673-6087.2026.01.09

Abstract

Abstract:

With the widespread use of antiretroviral therapy (ART), the lifespan of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been significantly prolonged; however, the prevalence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) has not decreased correspondingly. Cytomegalovirus (CMV), as a latent opportunistic pathogen, is prevalent among HIV-infected individuals. Co-infection of CMV and HIV may exacerbate neurological damage through synergistic effects and has become a key factor affecting the long-term quality of life and prognosis of patients. This article aims to systematically elucidate the virological and immunological basis, molecular and cellular mechanisms, clinical phenotypes, diagnostic strategies, and therapeutic management of neurological damage caused by HIV and CMV co-infection, and to summarize the latest research progress and future directions, providing an integrated perspective for clinical practice and scientific research.

Key words: human immunodeficiency virus, cytomegalovirus, co-infection, nervous system, synergistic damage

CLC Number:

R512.91
R742

WANG Yao, WEI Lanlan, CHU Ming, WANG Fuxiang. Mechanisms and research progress of neurological damage caused by HIV and CMV from the perspective of co-infection[J]. Journal of Internal Medicine Concepts & Practice, 2026, 21(01): 62-67.

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