类器官研究在生物学获益为主的胆道恶性肿瘤诊疗中的意义

doi:10.16139/j.1007-9610.2025.02.02

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

胆道恶性肿瘤（BTC）是一种高度恶性肿瘤，预后较差。尽管根治性手术切除仍是唯一治愈手段，但仅有20%的病人有根治性切除机会。近年来，化疗联合免疫治疗及靶向治疗等综合治疗已成为当前生物学获益为主的BTC诊疗模式的重要策略，但其疗效尚不理想，且极大依赖于精准个体化的药物筛选以及疗效评估。近年兴起的肿瘤类器官技术高度模拟肿瘤组织的微观形态学和生长行为，为肿瘤特异性标志物的筛选提供了新型研究平台，并且通过提升肿瘤识别及边界界定能力，有助于术前精准分期并优化手术方案设计。此外，基于个体化肿瘤类器官的药物敏感性检测可指导临床制定个体化治疗策略，对改善BTC的综合治疗效果具有重要的临床价值。

关键词: 胆道恶性肿瘤, 类器官, 生物学获益, 综合治疗

Abstract:

Biliary tract carcinoma（BTC） is a highly malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. Although radical surgical resection remains the only curative treatment, only 20% of patients are eligible for curative resection. In recent years, comprehensive treatments combining chemotherapy with immunotherapy and targeted therapy, have become a key strategy in the current biological benefit-dominated therapeutic paradigm for BTC. However, the efficacy of these multimodal treatments remains suboptimal and heavily relies on precise individualized drug screening and response evaluation. The emerging tumor organoid technology faithfully recapitulates the histomorphological features and growth behavior of tumors, providing a novel platform for screening tumor-specific biomarkers. By enhancing tumor identification and margin delineation, this approach facilitates precise preoperative staging and optimize surgical planning. Furthermore, drug sensitivity testing based on patient-derived organoids enables personalized treatment strategies, demonstrating significant clinical value in improving comprehensive therapy for BTC.

Key words: Biliary tract carcinoma（BTC）, Organoid, Biological benefit, Comprehensive treatments

中图分类号:

R753.8

齐中, 程石. 类器官研究在生物学获益为主的胆道恶性肿瘤诊疗中的意义[J]. 外科理论与实践, 2025, 30(2): 101-104.

QI Zhong, CHENG Shi. Role of organoid research in the biological benefit-dominated diagnosis and treatment of biliary tract carcinoma[J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2025, 30(2): 101-104.

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