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Table of Content

    23 July 2020, Volume 11 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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    Original article
    BMSCs-PHBV in the In-situ Remediation of Nasal Septal Defect in Rabbit
    CHEN Siqi,WANG Jian
    2015, 11 (1):  1-5.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2015.01.001
    Abstract ( 320 )  
    Objective To explore the feasibility of the in-situ remediation of nasal septal defect in rabbit by BMSCs combing PHBV. Methods The nasal septal defects were surgically created in the 36 rabbits. The rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the repair materials. The experimental group: BMSCs-PHBV complex; the control group:only PHBV; the blank group: nothing. The specimen in each group were harvested for gross observation, HE and immunohistochemistry staining 16 and 24 weeks after operation. Results The defects were repaired by the hyline-like cartilage tissue without obvious boundary in the experimental group while the defects were repaired by thinner cartilage tissue with obvious boundary in the control group. And the defects were repaired by the fibrous tissues in the blank group. Histology and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the cartilage formed have more compact tissue structure in the experimental group. The cartilage matrix staining of cartilage formed in the experimental group were stronger than that of cartilage formed in the control group. Conclusion BMSCs-PHBV complex could repair defects of nasal septal cartilage in rabbits effectively.
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    Quantitative Detection of Residual BSA in Tissue Engineered Bone
    ZOU Wentao,LIU Guangpeng
    2015, 11 (1):  6-9.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2015.01.002
    Abstract ( 377 )  
    Objective To detect the residual bovine serum albumin (BSA) in tissue engineered bone constructed conventionally in vitro byβ-TCP and to investigate new methods to reduce it. Methods Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated and cultured in vitro. BMSCs of passage 2 were digested, after centrifugation and washing, the washing liquid of the cells was obtained. And BMSCs of passage 2 were inoculated in β-TCP scaffolds and induced osteogenesis in vitro for 2 weeks to construct tissue engineered bone. The tissue engineered bone was rinsed in saline for three times, put in PBS buffer and extracted for 24 hours at 37 ℃ to obtain the extracted liquor. The extracted liquor of scaffold without cells inoculated simultaneously was served as the control. Residual BSA content in the extracted liquor and the washing liquid samples were detected by ELISA, and the change relationship of BSA content with times of washing was observed. Results BSA content in the dilution liquid decreased as washing times increased. The average residual BSA in tissue engineered bone and in scaffold material detected by ELISA was (19.54±6.70) ng and (15.67±5.49) ng respectively, which was normalized as (0.656±0.213) ng/mg and (0.796±0.205) ng/mg, showing no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05, n=10). Conclusion ELISA method is suitable for the detection of the residual BSA in tissue engineered bone. As the scaffold materials absorb BSA more easily than the cells, the residual BSA in tissue engineered bone is still relatively high. Therefore, further studies of reducing BSA residual are still needed.
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    miRNA Expression and Key miRNA Screening in Acute Stage of Skin Expansion
    LIU Wenhui,HUANG Xiaolu,LI Haizhou,YU Qingxiong,LIANG Xiao,ZHOU Yiwen,LI Qingfeng
    2015, 11 (1):  10-13.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2015.01.003
    Abstract ( 339 )  
    Objective To determine the miRNA expression and screen key miRNA in acute stage of skin expansion. Methods Skin expansion model was established and skin samples were harvested in acute stage. Unexpanded skin was also harvested as control. miRNA microarray was undertaken to reveal the miRNA expression change during acute expansion process. T test and fold change of differential expression were applied to screen key miRNAs. TargetScan and miRDB were used to predict target genes of key miRNA. Pathway analysis was performed for target genes by KEEG and IPA. Results Eleven key miRNAs were detected which regulate pathways involve cell proliferation, differentiation, vascularization, fibrosis and tumorigenesis. Conclusion Eleven key miRNAs determined in the present study regulate important pathways in acute stage of skin expansion and they could serve as targets in skin expansion.
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    Establishment and Application of a Rabbit Model of Midsagittal Sutural Distraction Osteogenesis
    LI Dong,HUANG Xiaoxiang,Sean Shih-Yao Liu,XU Haisong,CAO Dejun,CHAI Gang,WEI Min
    2015, 11 (1):  14-18.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2015.01.004
    Abstract ( 518 )  
    Objective To establish a rabbit model of midsagittal sutural distraction osteogenesis for future experiments, to evaluate this rabbit model's feasibility and to explore the role of rhBMP-2 in subperiosteum to distraction osteogenesis. Methods Nickel-titanium open coil springs (50 g) and 3 mm long miniscrew implants (MSIs) were used for skeletal anchorage to establish a rabbit model of midsagittal sutural distraction osteogenesis. Fourteen New Zealand white rabbits, 11 weeks, were randomized into experimental group (traction+rhBMP-2, n=7) and control group (simple traction, n=7). Controlled extraoral forces were used to expand rabbit midsagittal sutures ( n=14) for 29 days, X ray and Micro-CT were used to evaluate the open joint and measure the distance between MSI of each group on day 0, 5, 11, 17, 23, and 29;Tetracycline was injected on day 7, 27 and calcein was injected on day 17, as a biomarker for fluorescence tissue section postoperatively. The feasibility of this sagittal suture distraction osteogenesis rabbit model was explored by observing the tolerance of the rabbit distraction osteogenesis system, comparing each joint open distance and the sagittal suture tissue morphology. Results The total successful rate of the rabbit model of midsagittal sutural distraction osteogenesis was 86%. Controlled extraoral forces were successfully used on the sutural distraction model. The open distance of sagittal suture (D29) in control group was greater than in experimental group. The open distance of sagittal suture was increased with the duration of traction in the two groups, but the sutural separation rate presented a trend of fast before they are slow. New bone formation was observed in both experimental group and control group by histomorphormetric analyses, which demonstrated that the distraction osteogenesis model can not only distract the suture effectively, but also induce the osteogenesis between the suture. But the new bone formation in experimental group was faster. Conclusion The rabbit model of midsagittal sutural distraction osteogenesis can be rapidly established by nickel-titanium open coil springs and 3 mm long miniscrew implants (MSI). Local application of rhBMP-2 can promote the osteogenesis but lead to the suture fusion during the process of distraction.
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    Crosstalk of FGF-2 and BMP-2 in Osteoblastic Differentiation of Cranial Suture Cells
    JIANG Taoran,CAO Dejun
    2015, 11 (1):  19-25.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2015.01.005
    Abstract ( 475 )  
    Objective To explore the interaction of FGF-2 and BMP-2 in osteoblastic differentiation of calvarial suture cells. Methods Neonatal calvarial suture cells of SD rat were harvested. FGF-2 was added into cell cultures and BMP-2 expression in cranial suture cells was observed. Meanwhile, FGF-2 and BMP-2 were both added into cell cultures and the osteoblastic differentiation of cranial suture cells was observed by ALP staining, mineralized nodule staining and qPCR. Then Noggin was added to observe the changes of cells’ osteoblastic differentiation. Results BMP-2 expression increased in a time-dependent manner after the cells treated with FGF-2 and increased in a dose-dependent manner up to 50 ng/ml FGF-2, after which BMP-2 expression reached a plateau;After FGF-2 and BMP-2 co-stimulation, the expression of early marker of osteoblast differentiation (COL-1) was decreased while the expression of late markers (ALP, OC and BSP) were increased to accelerate mineralization. The natural BMP antagonist Noggin inhibited the expression of FGF2-induced OC and BSP by 1.40-fold and 1.41-fold respectively, and inhibited the expression of FGF2- and BMP2-induced OC and BSP by 1.26-fold and 1.20-fold respectively. Conclusion BMP2 is a downstream target of FGF-2, and BMP-2 signals are required for FGF-2-dependent induction of later-stage osteoblast differentiation in cranial suture cells.
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    The Value of Skin Fibro Meter in the Diagnosis of Lymphedema Disease
    HAN linghua,LIU Ningfei,YU Ziyou,WANG Li,CHEN Jiajia
    2015, 11 (1):  23-25.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2015.01.006
    Abstract ( 557 )  
    Objective To explore the diagnostic value of Skin Fibro Meter (SFM) in lymphedema diseases. Methods Sixteen cases of lymphedema patients and twenty cases of healthy people were included in this study as lymphedema group and control group respectively. With Skin Fibro Meter (Delfin company, Finland), SFM test was performed on bilateral limbs of lymphedema group and control group. In addition, bilateral tissue moisture content of each segment of patients in lym-phedema group was also measured. Results In lymphedema group, the average fibrosis value of healthy side was (0.07±0.01) and (0.13±0.05) of affected side (P<0.000 1). In lymphedema group, the average tissue moisture content was (4.47±2.09) in healthy side, and (6.4±3.76) in affected side (P=0.002). The moisture ratio was 43.2%and it presented a tendency of positive correlation with the D-value of fibrosis between the healthy side and affected side. The average fibrosis value was (0.06±0.02) in control group, and (0.13±0.05) in lymphedema group (P<0.000 1). Conclusion Skin Fibro Meter provides reliable basis for the diagnosis of lymphedema disease, its diagnostic value is worth further research and exploration.
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    Measurement of the Distance from Helix to Mastoid Skin in Normal Ears
    TANG Xinjie,XU Feng,SUN Nan,ZHANG Ruhong,ZHANG Qun
    2015, 11 (1):  26-27.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2015.01.007
    Abstract ( 577 )  
    Objective To measure the distance from helix to mastoid skin, in order to achieve an acceptable projection of the ear and be symmetrical with the normal contralateral ear if present. Methods The distance from the upper, middle, and lower third of helix to mastoid skin of 100 healthy normal ears were measured. Meanwhile three-dimensional measurement models were made in 5 normal ears. Results The distance from helix to mastoid skin were (1.41±0.18) cm in upper third, (1.98± 0.26) cm in mid-portion and (1.66±0.26) cm in lower third. It was interesting that the distance from helix to mastoid skin of mid-dle third was higher than that of upper and lower third in Chinese population, not in accordance with McDowell's standard, in which the distance of lower third was higher than that of upper and middle. The software analysis result of the 5 3-dimensional measurement models was in accordance with manually measurements above. Conclusion In normal ears, the distance from the middle third of helix to mastoid skin is higher than that of upper and lower third in Chinese population, the shape and height of support material in the second stage of ear reconstruction should be made based on the above measurements.
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    Mucochondrial Z Plasty in Correcting Secondary Unilateral Cleft Lip and Nasal Deformity
    WU Yingzhi,DING Wei,CHEN Lingfeng,YANG Junyi
    2015, 11 (1):  28-29.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2015.01.008
    Abstract ( 388 )  
    Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of mucochondrial Z plasty in correcting the collapse of lower lateral cartilage in the ala and nostril shaping. Methods From Dec. 2011 to Jun. 2013, 46 patients with unilateral cleft lip and nasal deformities were admitted for a secondary rhinoplasty. All the patients were treated with mucochondrial Z-plasty plus locking stitch suture of greater alar cartilage and lateral nasal cartilage to correct the ala and nostril deformities. The width of nostril and the inclination of columella were measured and analyzed. Results The width of nostrils, the inclination of the columella and the symmetry of the nasal tip and ala were all improved significantly after the surgery. Forty-one patients were followed up for 6 months, mild recurrence were observed only in 3 patients, while their data were still much better than that of preoperation. Conclusion The mucochondrial Z-plasty can effectively correct the ala and nostril deformities of patients with unilateral cleft lip.
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    Pedicle Anterolateral Thigh Perforator Flap for Repairing Perineal Defection
    WU Lei,DONG Bin,ZHANG Junfeng,LI Yonglin
    2015, 11 (1):  30-44.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2015.01.009
    Abstract ( 391 )  
    Objective To explore the clinical effects of pedicle anterolateral thigh perforator flap for repairing soft tissue defects of perinescrotal. Methods From 2009 to 2013, the soft tissue defects of perinescrotal in 8 cases were pre-treated and then repaired with pedicle anterolateral thigh perforator flap. The flap size varied from 7.0 cm ×10.0 cm to 13.0 cm×21.0 cm. The secondary defect of donor site was directly sutured or repaired by split-skin grafts on opposite side. Results All of the 8 flaps survived successfully. The flaps were soft with no secondary scar contracture. All the patients were followed up for 6 months to 2 years. There were no recurrence of tumors in 2 years. The donor sites were well healed and no movement disorder of lower limb was observed. Conclusion It is an ideal election for repairing perineal defection by using pedicle anterolateral thigh perforator flap, and is worthy of clinical promotion.
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    Postauricular Revolving Door Island Flap in Repairing Anterior Conchal Defect
    CAO Ning,LIN Guangmin,XU Heping,ZHENG Meilian,TANG Yiyan,XIONG Shuyuan
    2015, 11 (1):  32-33.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2015.01.010
    Abstract ( 511 )  
    Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of postauricular revolving door island flap for repairing anterior conchal defect. Methods From April 2009 to January 2014, 7 cases with anterior conchal defects were treated with postauricular revolving door island flap to reestablish the contour of the ear, and the clinical effects were observed during follow-up. Results All the flaps were survived completely with primary healing. The patients were followed up for 3 months to 5 years. The flaps had a good match in skin color and texture, the esthetic results were satisfactory either in recipient or in donor sites. Conclusion The reconstruction of anterior conchal defect using postauricular revolving door island flap is an ideal way to reestablish the contour with good long-term results.
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    Application of the Submental Artery Island Flap for Repairing Facial Soft Tissue Defect
    WANG Hehong,WANG Chunlan,ZHAO Yu
    2015, 11 (1):  34-36.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2015.01.011
    Abstract ( 397 )  
    Objective To explore the application of the submental artery island flap in repairing facial soft tissue defect. Methods From July 2007 to 2014, 10 cases with facial soft tissue defect were admitted in this study. Primary lesions in-cluded trauma (2 cases), buccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma (SCC, 4 cases), buccal basal cell carcinoma (BCC, 1 case), and scar hyperplasia caused by burning or scalding (3 cases). Flaps ranging from 3 cm ×6 cm to 4 cm×10 cm were designed according to the size and location of the facial defects to repair facial soft tissue defects. Results Pale, swell and/or conges-tion were observed in all flaps postoperative, but the situation improved 5 days later. Partial necrosis was observed in 1 case but healed by dressing. All the patients were followed up for 3-12 months, full thickness skin which was used to cover the donor-site in 3 cases shrank inordinately during followed-up. Appearance and functions of the recipient site were satisfacto-ry. The scar of the donor-sites was not conspicuous. Conclusion The submental artery island flap is similar with the facial soft tissue on color and texture, and it offers the advantages of simplicity, reliability and aesthetic result, so it is an excellent choice for repairing facial defects and deformity.
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    Histopathological Basis of Different Anatomic Subunit of Facial Port-Wine Stain Treated by Pulsed Dye Laser
    YU Wenxin,MA Gang,QIU Yajing,CHEN Hui,JIN Yunbo,YANG Xi,HU Xiaojie,WANG Tianyou,CHANG Lei,LI Wei,ZHOU Henghua,LIN Xiaoxi
    2015, 11 (1):  37-40.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2015.01.012
    Abstract ( 399 )  
    Objective To explore the histopathological basis of different anatomic subunit of facial port-wine stain (PWS) treated by pulsed dye laser (PDL) and to illustrate the possible explanation for the discrepancy of therapeutic efficacy. Meth-ods Six PWS patients had biopsies and underwent PDL treatments in different anatomic subunit of facial PWS (A and B area). The diameter and depth of PWS vessels were analyzed and the clinical efficacy were evaluated by chromameter assess-ment 2 months after treatment. Results All patients were treated on both sites, according to the chromameter evaluation, av-erageΔa*and averageΔE were 4.63±2.24 and 8.81±2.24 for B area, while-0.19±2.40 and 3.55±1.46 for A area respective-ly (P<0.05). Histopthological observation showed that ectatic vessels in B area were primarily distributed in super dermis, while the ectatic vessels in A area were distributed extensively from capillaries to the reticular dermis, and even deep into the subcutaneous tissue. The Pearson correlation coefficient suggested that the depth and diameter of PWS vessels were negative-ly related to efficacy outcomes of PDL treatment. Conclusion Better results can be obtained in lateral facial PWS compared to central facial PWS on the same patient. The differences in histopathological manifestation, especially the depth of vessels, may be responsible for the discrepancy of therapeutic efficacy.
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    Rapid Treatment of Large-sized Eexternal Nevus by Partial Nevus Excision Combined with Skin Expansion
    CHEN Qiang,MA Jiguang,CHEN Guangyu,WANG Shujie,WANG Keming,WANG Chunhu,ZHAO Xiaohui,ZHANG Tiran,LIU Xinhai
    2015, 11 (1):  41-44.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2015.01.013
    Abstract ( 475 )  
    Objective To investigate the clinical application of partial nevus excision combined with skin expansion for rapid treatment of large-sized external nevus. Methods Eleven patients with large-sized external nevus were performed two stage rapid treatment of partial nevus excision combined with skin expansion. The nevus sizes varied from 7.0 cm ×5.0 cm to 35.0 cm ×22.0 cm. All the patients were followed up for 12 to 24 months to investigate the clinical efficacy. Results Ten patients completed the whole course of treatment successfully and were satisfied with the results. The minimum duration was 4 weeks, the maximum duration was 9 weeks, and the mean duration was 6 weeks. The main complication was hematoma, occurred in 1 case. Conclusion Partial nevus excision combined with skin expansion is a good method for rapid treatment of large-sized external nevus.
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    Autologous Fat Grafting in the Augmentation of Temporal Depression
    WU Weimin,WEN Lixia,WU Lei
    2015, 11 (1):  45-46.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2015.01.014
    Abstract ( 320 )  
    Objection To explore the application of autologous fat grafting in the augmentation of temporal depression. Methods Autologous fat grafting technique of 3L3M was performed to 36 patients with temporal depression adopting low-pressure liposuction, low-speed centrifuge, multi-points, multi-tunnels, multi-layers and low-amounts injection (3L3M).①The temple area was injected through subcutaneous layer, superficial fascia layer and muscle layer. ②The frontal area was injected through subcutaneous layer and subfrontalis layer.③Orbital outer area was injected through subcutaneous layer with little fat. Results The apperence of all 36 patients was improved clearly after autologous fat grafting. All the patients were followed up for three months to two years, the appearance of each area of temple augmented were satisfied and the absorbtion of the grafted fat was low. The satisfaction rates of patient, plastic surgeon and the third person were 83.3%, 88.9%and 86.1%respectively. Conclusion The 3L3M autologous fat grafting technique is effective in the augmentation of temporal depression.
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    Multiplane Hyaluronic Acid with Blunt and Sharp Needle Technique in Rhinoplasty:A Report of 285 Cases
    HAN Xuefeng,HU Jintian,LI Facheng
    2015, 11 (1):  47-54.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2015.01.015
    Abstract ( 445 )  
    Objective To explore the application of multi-plane hyaluronic acid injection in rhinoplasty using blunt and sharp needle technique. Methods From June 2011 to February 2014, 285 cases received rhinoplasty by multi-plane hyaluronic acid injection with blunt and sharp needle technique. All the cases were injected for 1-3 times at intervals of 6-14 months, and were followed up for postoperative effect evaluation. Results All the patients were followed up for 1-9 months. No complications were observed, such as nasal root broadening, vifrification, infection, local induration or flap necrosis. The nose shape was smooth and natural. Conclusion Multiplane hyaluronic acid injection using blunt and sharp needle technique in rhinoplasty is safe and effective, and is worthy of clinical promotion.
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    Review
    Research Progress on Solving Lack of Bone Mass in Dental Implant
    LI Yawei,SUN Xiaomei,TENG Li,DING Bo,LU Jianjian
    2015, 11 (1):  50-54.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2015.01.016
    Abstract ( 534 )  
    Missing teeth usually cause alveolar bone absorption, manifest as the decrease of the alveolar height and width, hinder the operating of dental implant, and affect the denture and chewing function recovery. Reliable technologies are adopted to repair alveolar ridge, in order to make sure successful dental implant and meet the basic requirements for implant. In this paper, the researches on solving lack of bone mass in dental implant were reviewed.
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    Research Progress on Improvement of Fat Transplantation
    REN Xiaoyun,WANG Lin,FAN Zhihong
    2015, 11 (1):  55-57.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2015.01.017
    Abstract ( 453 )  
    Autologous fat has become one of the most commonly used soft tissue filler, due to its good filling effect, high plasticity and less trauma. However, the uncertain survival rate of grafted fat greatly limits its application. With the advancement of fat harvesting, preparation and injection, the survival rate of grafted fat has been improved. Core factors affecting the survival rate of grafted fat was reviewed in this paper.
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    Changes of Histomorphology and Cytokines after Tissue Expansion
    SONG Xiaodong,LV Changsheng
    2015, 11 (1):  58-60.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2015.01.018
    Abstract ( 411 )  
    The course of soft tissue expansion is mainly about a series changes of histomorphology and cytokines under mechanical stress, and it provides research foundation of rapid tissue expansion. In this paper, the chages of histomorphology and cytokines after tissue expansion were reviewed.
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