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23 July 2020, Volume 10 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Influences of Different Culture Media on the Immunological Characteristics of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells FU Xin,XIAO Ran,Plastic Surgery Hospital,PUMC & CAMS, 2014, 10 (3):  121-148.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2014.03.001 Abstract ( 424 )   Objective To compare the immunological characteristics of BMSCs cultured in ScienCell (SCI) stem cell growth medium and low glucose (LG) complete medium. Methods The expressions of cell surface markers on BMSC were characterized by flow cytometry analysis and the multipotency of BMSC was confirmed by functional osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. The immunogenicity and immunomodulatory properties of BMSC in SCI and LG groups were assessed and compared by mix lymphocyte reaction (MLR). The expression profiles of immune molecules on BMSC with and without IFN-γ stimulation were characterized by flow cytometry analysis. Results The MLR results showed that BMSCs in both SCI group and LG group exhibited low immunogenicity and immunosuppressive abilities. One-way lymphocyte proliferation index was significantly higher in SCI group than in LG group while no significant difference was observed for the two-way mix lymphocyte proliferation index between SCI group and LG group. Compared with BMSC in LG group, BMSCs in SCI group exhibited significantly higher percentage of cells that positive for co-stimulatory molecule CD40 but lower percentage of cells expressing HLA-DR and co-inhibitory molecules B7-H1 and B7-DC. The percentages of HLA-DR+cells of BMSC in both SCI group and LG group were significantly increased to more than 90% in response to IFN-γ stimuli. Treatment with low concentration of IFN-γ (10 U/mL) only slightly increased the percentage of CD40+cells in BMSCs of LG group, while treatment with high concentration of IFN-γ (1 000 U/mL) significantly increased the expression of CD40 and B7-H1 of BMSCs in both groups, and B7-DC in BMSCs in LG group. Conclusion The expression of immune relevant molecules on BMSC cultured in SCI medium in vitro was changed. The immunogenicity of BMSC in SCI group was significantly higher than in LG group while no significant difference was observed for their immunosuppressive properties. Related Articles | Metrics

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Myofibroblasts Differentiation of Skin Fibroblasts Induced by Mechanical Loading Based on 3D Culture in Vitro FU Shibo,WEN Congji,WANG Chen,WANG Danru 2014, 10 (3):  127-130.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2014.03.002 Abstract ( 388 )   Objective To explore the feasibility of inducing myofibroblasts differentiation of skin fibroblasts by mechanical loading based on three dimensional culture in vitro. Methods Human dermal fibroblasts were isolated and three dimensionally cultured in type I rat tail collagen scaffold. Then mechanical loading were added by stretching the gel (stretch group, n=9), and control group was set up (non-stretch group, n=9). The situation of myofibroblasts differentiation were tested by drawing cell growth curve, immunofluorescent staining and Real-Time PCR. Results Cell proliferation was slowed down under mechanical loading environment. The cell proliferation was promoted in stretch group, but there was no significant difference comparing with non-stretch group. Dyeing brightness of α-SMA and fibronectin were significantly higher in stretch group showed by immunofluorescent staining. Higher mRNA expression of α-SMA, fibronectin, type I and III collagen genes were observed in stretch group by real time PCR. Conclusion The model of mechanical loading inducing myofibroblasts differentiation of skin fibroblasts based on 3D culture could be successfully established. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Parmidronate Disodium on the Proliferation and Osteoblast Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells XU Yan,ZHANG Hui,LIU Jiangfeng,ZHU Yuting,FAN Changbin,TIAN Aifeng,HUANG Jiangyong,WU Ying,YU Miao,ZHANG Shuang,CHEN Jingli,BI Xiaoyun 2014, 10 (3):  131-134.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2014.03.003 Abstract ( 354 )   Objective To observe the effects of Parmidronate disodium on the biological properties of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to shed a light on the mechanisms underlying the damaging activity of alendronate on bone tissue. Methods Parmidronate disodium at graded doses was added into the culture of human bone marrow MSCs and the culture was maintained for 72 hours, MTT test was used to evaluate the cellular proliferation status. Also, the surface marker profile was observed after culture for one week. MSCs were cultured in the presence of parmidronate disodium (0.5μg/mL) for 2 weeks and the cellular activity of alkaline phosphatase was detected. The total cellular protein content was used as the internal reference. Results The results from MTT assay showed that Parmidronate disodium within a range of concentrations (0.1-10 μg/mL) inhibited human MSC growth in a dose-dependent manner;The lowest effective dose was 1.0μg/mL, and the value of OD490 from MSCs cultured in the presence of Parmidronate disodium for 72 hours was significantly lower than that of the counterparts without the addition of this drug. Flow cytometric analysis showed that parmidronate disodium-treated MSCs expressed homogenously CD44 and CD73 and were negative for CD31 and CD45. Furthermore, the cellular activity of alkaline phosphatase was unchanged after exposure to parmidronate disodium, and it did not take any effect on the differentiation-inducing activity of the standard osteogenic agents. Conclusion Parmidronate disodium could inhibit the proliferation of human bone marrow MSCs, and have not significant effect on their differentiation along osteoblast lineage. The growth inhibitory activity of parmidronate disodium might be one of the mechanisms responsible for its destructive action on bone tissue. Related Articles | Metrics

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Reconstruction of Goat Trachea via Chondrocytes Cell-Sheet Approach TAO Ran,LIU Yi,CHEN Jie,HE Aijuan,ZHOU Guangdong,CAO Yilin 2014, 10 (3):  135-140.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2014.03.004 Abstract ( 370 )   Objective To investigate proper trachea reconstruction approaches of goat by using chondrocytes cell-sheet technology. Methods Tissue engineering (TE) cartilage was constructed via cell-sheet technology. Six goats were involved in this study. After 6-week-culture in vitro, cell-sheets were implanted into superficial fascia layer of the goat ’s abdomen. Eight weeks later, cartilage-like tissue wrapped around a silica tube was transplanted into peritrachea muscles in 3 goats. Finally, the TE cartilage with muscle pedicle was used to repair goat trachea defect (pedicled transplantation group, PT group) after cultured in vivo for 8 weeks. The remains were auto-transplanted to reconstruct trachea defect after 16-week-culture in vivo (dissociated transplantation group, DT group). Three intact cartilage rings were resected in all animals. Results After 6 weeks cultured in vitro, all sheets were charactered as cartilage features. In PT group, 8 weeks later after implantation, matured TE cartilage were observed. After 8-week-culture in peritrachea muscle, TE cartilage was well vascularized and reformed. Animals in PT group had lived for a long time (14 weeks) until the T tube was removed. The gross view and histology showed the survived TE cartilage with well remained tube shape. But collapse was observed on local site where not surrounded by TE cartilage. In the meanwhile, serious hyperplasia of fibrillar connective tissue that obstacled the lumina was observed. In DT group, typical cartilage features were presented in TE cartilage after 16-week-cultur in vivo. But animals all died in two weeks after transplantation even with T tube. The gross view and histology indicated serious necrosis of repaired segment with tiny sporadic cartilage like tissue. Conclusion Cell-sheet technology is a stable approach for TE cartilage reconstruction; Dissociated TE cartilage transplant cannot survive in perplexing trachea environment; In the oppo-site, vascularized TE cartilage could be an ideal approach for trachea reconstruction, and the integrated cartilage exterior lay-er and epithelized lumina are both crucial to successful operation. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Clinical Observation of Umbilical Cord-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Expanded in Serum-free Medium for the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B Patients with Cirrhosis DENG Fuzhu,BI Xiaoyun,HE Rong,HUANG Shu,CHEN Jingli,CHEN Jiayu,WANG Hengxiang,GUO Zikuan 2014, 10 (3):  141-167.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2014.03.005 Abstract ( 373 )   Objective To investigate the safety and effectiveness of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) expanded in serum-free medium for treating chronic hepatitis B patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Methods MSCs were isolated from human umbilical cords, culture-expanded and identified with their morphological, phenotypic and differentiation features. Thirteen chronic hepatitis B patients with decompensated cirrhosis were enrolled in this study. MSCs were intravenously injected weekly at a dose of 5.0 ×107 for 4 continuous weeks. The acute toxicities were observed and the changes of the symptoms and liver function parameters were documented before and after cell therapy. Results The MSCs cultured in the serum-free medium were fibroblast-like in morphology. They were homogenously positive for CD44 and CD73 and negative for CD14, CD31 and CD45. The MSCs could be induced in vitro into osteoblasts and adipoblasts. No acute toxicities including fever, headache and electrocardiographic abnormalities were observed within 24 hours after all injections. Some of the symptoms were relieved and the serum concentration of total bilirubin was significantly decreased after the cell therapy was completed (P<0.05). The mean value of the serum albumin concentration was slightly increased while the values of prothrombin time were not significantly improved. Conclusion The protocol described here, the treatment of chronic hepatitis B patients with decompensated cirrhosis by umbilical cord MSCs cultured in serum-free media, was generally safe and effective in some cases. However, the long-term safety and effectiveness should be further investigated in an increased number of patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental Study on Hypertrophic Scar Model Initiated by Mechanical Load WEN Congji,FU Shibo,ZHOU Renpeng,WANG Danru 2014, 10 (3):  145-148.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2014.03.006 Abstract ( 435 )   Objective To demonstrate whether scars initiated by mechanical load were visually and histopathologically identical to human hypertrophic scars. Methods A 2 cm linear full-thickness incision was made on the dorsum of the mouse. On postoperative day 4, tension on the wounds was created and lasted for 2 weeks. Macroscopic and histological characteristics were examined at day 1, 30, 60 after traction, respectively. The changes of scararea, velative collagen density and cellulartty were cal;culated. Results Resulting scars were structurally identical to human hypertrophic scars and were persisted for more than 60 days. However, area of scars was gradually shrinking. Conclusion Hyperthophic scar in animal model could be initiated by mechanical load. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression Difference Among TGF-β1,2,3 in Aging Skin WANG Luping,CHEN Wei,YU Peijun,SHI Xiao 2014, 10 (3):  149-151.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2014.03.007 Abstract ( 404 )   Objective To investigate the expression of the three isomers of TGF-β in SD rat with different age and to explore their probable roles in skin aging. Methods Western blot was performed to detect the expression of TGF-β1,2,3 in the skin of 2-months old SD rats (youth group, n=6) and 18-months old SD rats (elderly group, n=6). Results The expression of TGF-β1 was significantly higher in youth group than in elderly group (1.91 ±0.67 VS 0.14 ±0.09, P<0.01). Negative expression of TGF-β2 was detected both in youth group and elderly group (0.16 ±0.07 VS 0.1 ±0.04, P=0.17). Positive expression of TGF-β3 was detected both in youth group and elderly group (0.95 ±0.20 VS 0.80 ±0.26, P=0.26). Conclusion The expression of TGF-β1 may play an important role in aging skin. Related Articles | Metrics

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Measurement of Biomechanical Properties of Nasal Cartilage DONG Lei,WANG Shengzhang,SONG Jianxing 2014, 10 (3):  152-160.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2014.03.008 Abstract ( 451 )   Objective To measure the elastic modulus of nasal cartilage, such as alar cartilage, lateral nasal and septal cartilage, and to provide data base for the analysis of mechanical behavior of nasal deformity. Methods Ten cases of adult cadavers were collected. The tensile test and compression test were carried out in every sample by test machine. The experimental data was analyzed by statistic method. Results The every test data was fitted with a straight line, and the elastic module of every sample was the slope of the fitted line. The elastic modules were obtained by least square method. The compression and tensile modules of alar cartilage were (1.142±0.336) MPa and (4.679±1.641) MPa. The compression and tensile modules of lateral cartilage were (5.84±1.246) MPa and (8.601±2.131) MPa. The compression and tensile modules of septal cartilage were (3.85±1.685) MPa and (6.907±1.621) MPa. Conclusion Tensile modulus of nasal cartilage is generally larger than compression modulus; Elastic modulus of lateral nasal cartilage is larger than elastic modulus of septal cartilage, and elastic modulus of septal cartilage is larger than elastic modulus of alar cartilage; Comparing to the other load cartilage and bony structure in human body, the elastic module of nasal cartilages is lower. Related Articles | Metrics

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Modifications in Autogenous Rib Cartilage Reconstruction of Microtia LI Yiyuan,ZHANG Ruhong,ZHANG Qun,XU Zhicheng,XU Feng,LI Datao,SUN Nan,WANG Cheng 2014, 10 (3):  156-160.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2014.03.009 Abstract ( 407 )   Objective To introduce the modifications in autogenous rib cartilage reconstruction of microtia, so as to present more natural and stable morphology of the reconstructed ear. Methods From 2009, 234 cases of microtia were received modified total ear reconstruction by autogenous costal cartilage. Modifications of the two-staged surgery were as follows: Decreasing the needed rib cartilage into 6~8 in donor site;Different cartilage framework in different patient;Designing a U shape cartilage block to support the complex of tragus and antitragus; The negative suction management in the second stage surgery;Using specific bone cement in the second stage surgery for ear elevation. Results All the patients were followed up for more than 6 months, most reconstructed ears were satisfiable in symmetry and stability of the three dimensional morphology and the cranio-auricular angle. Skin color and texture were favorable as well. The most common complication was reduction of the projection angle of the constructed ear caused by hypertrophic scars and severe scar contractures. Conclusion These modifications in autogenous rib cartilage reconstruction of microtia are effective and practical. So far the results of ear reconstruction are satisfactory but not in complete control. Related Articles | Metrics

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Cartilage Reconstruction in Renovating Secondary Nasal Deformity of Unilateral Cleft Lip XIE Juan,ZHAO Yu,CAO Dongsheng 2014, 10 (3):  161-163.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2014.03.010 Abstract ( 321 )   Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of cartilage reconstruction in renovating secondary nasal deformity of unilateral cleft lip. Methods From Jan. 2012 to Jan. 2013, 17 patients, more than 16 years old, with secondary nasal deformity of unilateral cleft lip, were treated with cartilage reconstruction. Autogenous costicartilage was carved into different shapes, and then cartilage frameworks were embedded to renovate the deformities in nasal septum, columella and nosewing. Results All patients were followed up for 6 months to 2 years and were all satisfied with the outline of external nose. Caved nosewing, flatted nasal tip and symmetry of the nostril were evidently improved. Conclusion Autologous costicartilage transplantation plays an important role in the correction of secondary nasal deformity of cleft lip. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Comparison of Multi-frequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and the MoistureMeterD Compact on Detecting Tissue Edema in Secondary Lymphedema of Upper Limb LUO Yi,YAN Zhixin,WANG Li,CHEN Jiajia,LIU Ningfei 2014, 10 (3):  164-167.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2014.03.011 Abstract ( 309 )   Objective To compare the accuracy of multi -frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis and the MoistureMeterD Compact to detect tissue edema in secondary lymphedema of upper limb. Methods Eighteen patients with secondary lymphedema after radical mastectomy, treated by manual lymph drainage, were randomly selected in this study. The measurement of circumference of upper limb was determined as standard, which had an correlation analysis with multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis and MoistureMeterD Compact ’s results on tissue edema change. Results Accoring to the circumference change and the measured results of multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis and the MoistureMeterD Compact, the degree of lymphedema was decreased after treatment. The multifrequency bioelectrical impedance’s test results had an relatively higher correlation (r=0.579, P<0.05) with the results of the standard, comparing to the results of the MoistureMeterD Compact (r=0.490, P<0.05). Conclusion Both multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis and the MoistureMeterD Compact could be used for the measurement of lymphedema of upper limb, and multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis have an higher accuracy in the measurement of tissue edema. Related Articles | Metrics

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Modified Transsection and Longitudinal Suture in Epicanthoplasty JIANG Taoran,CAO Dejun 2014, 10 (3):  168-169.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2014.03.012 Abstract ( 329 )   Objective To explore the effect of modified transsection and longitudinal suture in epicanthoplasty. Methods From March 2010 to April 2013, sixty-nine patients were operated with modified transsection and longitudinal suture in medial canthus to correct epicanthus. All the patients were followed up and the clinical efficacy was estimated. Results Fifty-three patients were followed up for 6 months to 18 months. The epicanthus was corrected completely or in major. No obvious scar and recurrence were observed. Conclusion Modified transsection and longitudinal suture is a simple and effective operative procedure in epicanthoplasty with lessened scar and low recurrence rate. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Application and Evaluation of the Small Titanium Plate with Intermaxillary Traction Titanium Nail in the Fixation of Mandibular Fracture ZHAI Jun,MA Jihong,ZHAI Xiaodong 2014, 10 (3):  170-172.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2014.03.013 Abstract ( 439 )   Objective To explore the clinical application and effect?of the small titanium plate with intermaxillary traction titanium nail in the fixation of Mandibular fracture. Methods Retrospective analysis was achieved from the clinical data of 186 cases of Mandibular fracture treated by the small titanium plate with intermaxillary traction titanium nail. In all cases, titanium nails were used for intermaxillary traction to restore the occlusal relationship. Small titanium plates were used for the internal fixation of the mandibular fracture through the hidden minimally invasive incision or the original open wound. Results All the wounds were healed by first intension. All patients regained normal mouth opening, good facial appearance, mastication function and occlusion recovery. The clinical cure rate was 100%. X-ray showed good fracture healing, no loose, shift, fracture of titanium plate or nail was observed, and no osteoporosis and bone resorption was observed. Conclusion Using the small titanium plate with intermaxillary traction titanium nail for the treatment of Mandibular fracture is proved to be convenient and effective with minimally invasive incision and accurately reduction, and is worthy of wide application. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Research Progress of Molecular Genetic Study and Controversial Clinical Phenotypes of Hemifacial Microsomia CAI Tianyi,KE Hurong,MU Xiongzheng 2014, 10 (3):  173-176.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2014.03.014 Abstract ( 437 )   Related Articles | Metrics

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Applications of CTA and Propeller Flap Techniques in Forehead Flap GUO Lingling,LIU Yuanbo 2014, 10 (3):  177-180.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2014.03.015 Abstract ( 290 )   Forehead flap, as one of the most commonly used flaps in defect reconstruction of the head and neck, has many advantages, such as sufficient blood supply, well match to the recipient in color and texture. With the advent of new vascular examination methods including computed tomographic angiography (CTA), surgeons may get better acquainted with the vasculature of the forehead flap prior to the surgery. The application scope of the flap was correspondingly extended following incessant emergence of the innovative flap design and harvesting techniques. In this article, the applications of CTA and propeller flap techniques in the forehead flap were reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics