Soybean (Glycine Max L.Merrill) is an important grain and oil crop in China.However its production has been seriously reduced due to large scale soybean import from US Methods of biotechnology have been applied to soybean for improvement of the agronomic traits and the quality of the product.One such agronomic trait important in soybean production is herbicide tolerance, in particular, tolerance to glyphosate herbicide.In this study, Agrobacterium-mediated method was used to introduce G10-EPSPS into soybean Dongnong 50.Three transgenic soybean plants were obtained.The obtained transgenic soybean plants were all resistant to glyphosate and 1 event expressed the resistance stably in T₀, T₁ and T₂ generations.Molecular analysis by PCR and Western blot verified that G10-EPSPS was integrated into the soybean genome and inherited stably in T₀, T₁ and T₂ generations.It would be helpful for further study and soybean breeding.

The effects of taurine on development and implantation of Kunming mouse early embryos were investigated.The embryos were cultivated in modified potassium simplex optimized medium(mKSOM)with different concentration of taurine.The percentage of 4-cell, blastocysts and average total cell number of blastocysts were calculated after 24 h and 72 h.Cornua uteri injection technique was used to investigate the effects of β-alaline(β-ala, taurine transport inhibitor)on embryo implantation.The results showed that there were significant differences between 10 mmol/L taurine treatment and control in the percentage of 4-cell(P<0.05), blastocysts and total cell number of blastocysts(P<0.01).Meanwhile, injection of β-ala(20 μg/mL)into uterine horn significantly reduced the number of implanted embryos on D9.This study explicated the effects of taurine on the development and implantation of early Kunming mouse embryos, providing a useful reference for further uncovering of mechanism of embryo development and implantation.

A novel compound derived from Zanthoxylum, gx-50(N-[2-(3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-3-phenyl-acrylamide), has been demonstrated that it has neuroprotective effects against Alzheimer’s disease(AD)by our previous study.This study focuses on the mechanism of its antioxidant properties against AD.We measured the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS), superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity and malondialdehyde(MDA)to determine the anti-oxidative ability of gx-50 at cellular level.We also measured gx-50’s effect on JAK-STAT signaling pathway and the relative expression levels of activated caspase-3.Data showed that gx-50 reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and malondialdehyde(MDA), and recovered the activity of total intracellular superoxide dismutase(SOD)in neuronal PC12 cells exposed to Aβ.After gx-50 pretreatment, the levels of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 both increased in PC12 cells, while they were down-regulated in Aβ-treated group.In present study, we also found that gx-50 reduced the relative expression level of the activated caspase-3 in PC12 cells by activating JAK-STAT signaling pathway.Results demonstrated that gx-50 reduced amyloid-beta(Aβ)induced oxidative stress in neuron-like PC12 cells by enhancing the activation of JAK-STAT signaling pathway.It might help to protect neurons in Alzheimer's disease.

Zhenjiang Xinhe historical block is beside the ancient canal.Street and Lane Space of Xinhe historical block has important historical and cultural value.Based on document collection, interviews, observation, measurement, questionnaire and other surveys, the characteristics and features of Street and Lane Space of Xinhe historical block are analyzed from four levels, including the overall pattern, streets texture, proportion and scale and spatial interface.Also, the satisfaction and renovation needs of residents are analyzed through the analysis of questionnaire data.On the basis of investigation, four recommendations are put up to protect and renovate the Zhenjiang Xinhe historical block.All the job contributes to establish a more solid foundation for the protection and renovation of Zhenjiang Xinhe historical block.

Based on the questionnaire data of 596 rural households in Jiangxi Province, and using the Logistic model, this paper analyzed the influence factors of farmers' recycling waste agricultural pellicle.The results showed that, 86.91% of households would recycle the waste agricultural pellicle, including 34.90% full recovery and 52.01% partial recovery.Some factors showed significant positive effect on waste agricultural pellicle recycling, for example the age of householder, joining the cooperatives, recovery location nearby, waste management system, policy support, and so on.Some factors showed significant negative effect on waste agricultural pellicle recycling, for example per capita sown area, non-agricultural labor proportion in family, net per capita income, and so on.Some factors showed no significant effect on waste agricultural pellicle recycling, for example sex of householder, culture degree, number of enterprises in village, distance between village and township government, and so on.

Through the simulation test, PCR-DGGE method was used to investigate the effects of different carbon and nitrogen organic materials on bacterial community structure of organic vegetable production system soil.Results showed that bacterial community structure of conventional and organic production system soils were significantly different.By analyzing the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, overall the bacterial diversity of organic background soil treatments was higher than conventional background soil treatments.The bacterial diversity of organic production system soil with straw(OS)was the highest.Bacterial diversity decrease or increase after adding urea or alfalfa respectively.Conventional and organic production system soils were divided into two ethnic clusters by clustering analysis.Phylogenetic tree showed that the 30 closely related species were attributed to Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia.The band B13 of CA(conventional production system soil with alfalfa)and the common band B28 of organic background treatment had the highest homology with Bacillus and Pseudomonas respectively.

Literature survey, image acquisition, plane mapping and field observation were employed to investigate children's activity areas in 24 community parks in shanghai.The results showed that:(1)33.3% children's activity areas had poor accessibility and 87.1% had small scales.(2)The main interface elements of children’ activity space were plants and roads.The boundary shapes of children’ activity space were monotonous with only pocket-like shape and concave-like shape.(3)There was no explicit sectorization.There were only 4 types of activity facilities, which were combined slide, bunkers, trojans and climbing frame.(4)The pavements were simple and lack of landscaping and entertainment, which were only made by elastic, tile and concrete.In addition, optimal design strategies were putted forward as follows:(1)Children’s activity area should locate nearby the main entrance of the park, tending to natural area, and relatively isolated from surrounding areas.(2)Children’s activity area should be more abundant by regulating the opening degree through the boundary morphology and the interface elements.(3)Natural, entertaining, landscaping and safe activity facilities and related activities projects should be introduced into children’ activity areas to improve the multi function of space, which should be reasonably sectorized according to psychological and behavioral characteristics of children at different ages.(4)The environmental factors should be diverse, colorful, safe and reliable.This study provides reference for planning and reforming children's activities areas of community parks in Shanghai and the similar projects.

Pseudomonas chlororaphis HT66 is a significant growth-promoting rhizobacteriaum in plants.It is reportedly the highest phenazine-1-carboxamide(PCN)producing wild type microbe studied thus far. Based on the whole-genome sequence analysis, we find that two genes phzⅠ and phzR are located just upstream of the phenazine biosynthesis gene cluster.Plate assays with Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 and Agrobacterium tumefaciens NTL4 were used to analyze the signals of strain HT66.With the addition of the fermentation broth extracts, strain NTL4 produced blue pigment, but the CV026 did not produce purple pigment.Then, using a gene knock-out method, we constructed ΔphzⅠ and ΔphzR HT66 mutants.The results show that both the ΔphzⅠ and ΔphzR mutants are unable to produce PCN.And the plate assay of ΔphzⅠ culture extracts shows no blue pigment is produced by strain NTL4.It suggests that phenazine biosynthesis is regulated by the quorum sensing system and AHL signals in strain HT66.Additionally, the ΔphzⅠ and ΔphzR mutants have some changes in the morphology of colonies and antifungal activity in vitro.Moreover, compared with wild type, the swimming motility of ΔphzⅠ mutant decreases greatly, while the swarming motility has no significant change.

The chemical composition of compound essential oil I and compound essential oil II were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometer.Volunteers were recruited to evaluate the two compound essential oils for the treatment of anxiety by self-rating anxiety scales(SAS)and electroencephalogram changes.Terpenes were the most abundant compounds in the twocompound essential oils.According to self-rating anxiety of the volunteers, the male and female volunteer’s scores were all dropped after 7 days’ compound essential oil sniffing tests.Compound essential oil II was more effective than compound essential oil I as it had greater degree of drop.In the electroencephalogram experiments, the volunteers with compound essential oil II sniffing tests had a higher proportion of α wave enhanced.

DREB has an important role in stress signal transduction pathways in plants.A cDNA fragment, named SmDREB3, was isolated from ‘YZ-14’ eggplant species using homology-based cloning method.The full length of cDNA of SmDREB is 887 bp, and the ORF is 777 bp, encoding 259 amino acids.It had 90% homologies with the sequence of potato and 88% homologies with the sequence of tomato. The mature protein isoelectric point was at pH 6.39 and molecular weight was 28.665 kDa.RT-qPCR analysis indicated that SmDREB3 was expressed in all organs.However, the expression level of SmDREB3 was tissue-specific.It expressed highest in the pericarp, followed by the leaf and sarcocarp, while it expressed relatively low in roots, stems and flowers.This study provides the theoretical basis for further researches on resilience mechanisms and cultivating new varieties that resist adverse environment.

To study the comparative advantage of main crops in Shanghai, we first improved the traditional method of measuring comprehensive advantage.Then we used the improved comprehensive advantages indices method to analyze the efficiency advantage indices, the scale advantage indices, the labor advantage indices, the mechanization indices, the market infrastructure advantage and aggregated advantage indices of four crops.Results showed that the order of aggregated advantage was:rice, wheat, soybean, corn.In the end, we gave some suggestions on adjusting the structure of crops’ planting in Shanghai.

From the perspective of application of paleoclimatology, the evolution law of potassium in soil with long time scale climate change is discussed quantitatively and the main conclusions are as follows.The relationship of the content of available potassium and slowly available potassium and the annual precipitation or the annual temperature obey the exponential function model.The fitting equations of potassium effectiveness and the annual precipitation or the annual temperature accord with the parabolic function model.There is a critical value, only the average temperature(over 9.5°C)or the annual precipitation(over 577.3mm), and its effectiveness presents obviously a progressive increase with the increase of the annual precipitation or the annual temperature.The fitting relationship of the content of available potassium and slowly available potassium, potassium effectiveness and paleoclimatic coupling conditions comply with the Cobd-Douglas equations.

The expression profiling of mycelium and primordium of Grifola frondosa was analyzed with high-throughput sequencing technology based on the Illumina Genome Analyzer platform.Totally 35788532 and 32755254 clean reads from mycelium and primordium libraries were obtained.Analysis of differentially expressed genes shows that there are 4094 genes differentially expressed between two libraries, and in the primordium library, 1886 of them are up-regulated while 2208 of them are down-regulated.There are 284 genes that are only expressed in the primordium library.With Blastnr comparison, genes differently expressed between two libraries are found to be related to acid protease and lectin, cytochrome, NADPH-P450 reductase, esterase, amine oxidase, clavaminate synthase, glycoside hydrolase.Genes only expressed in the primordium are found to be related to glucose, lipid, nucleic acids metabolism and cell and chloroplast membrane structure.Gene ontology functional enrichment analysis reveals that most genes related to mitochondrial membrane, glutamine family amino acid metabolic process, fatty acid biosynthetic process are up-regulated.Pathway enrichment analysis shows that genes related to ribosome are all up-regulated, and this indicates that when primordium is developed the cell metabolism speeds up and the protein synthesis increases.

Fresh weight, water content, chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid content of Poa pratensis L.are recorded and compared at different times after 0(control), 116.50, 138.20, 161.30 kg/hm² KNO₃ fertilizer is applied to explore fertilization methods for a robust growth of Poa pratensis L.in Daqing, Heilongjiang.The result shows that the fresh weight ofPoa pratensis L.increases with KNO₃ fertilizer, 161.30 kg/hm² treatment is significantly higher(P<0.05)than that of control group, the water content of Poa pratensis L.plant is higher than that of control group in 116.50 to 161.30 kg/hm² treatment when in June and October and the 161.30 kg/hm² treatment is significantly higher(P<0.05)than that of control group in July and August.Throughout the test, 161.30 kg/hm² treatment’s chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid content are significantly higher than that of the control group.Therefore, it is safe to come to a comprehensive analysis, that is, the 161.30 kg/hm² treatment can significantly improve the bluegrass growth traits.

The dichlorvos degradation abilities of Trichoderma koningii mutants obtained by REMI (restriction enzyme mediated integration) and the optimal conditions for effective degradation were studied.Results showed both the wild type (T30) and mutants (TK-1, TK-2, TK-3, TK-5, TK-7, TK-8, TK-21, TK-38, TK-53, TK-30, TK-42)were able to degrade dichlorvos.TK-3 could reach 98% dichlorvos decomposition, which is the most efficient among mutants.Dichlorvos degradation rate was closely associated with glucose, dichlorvos initial concentration and pH of the medium.It was found that glucose at 1 000 μg/mL, pH 7.0 and dichlorvos at 500 μg/mL were the optimal conditions for effectively degrading dichlorvos by the mutant TK-3.The degradation efficiency of TK-3 would decline if dichlorvos concentration exceeded 1 000 μg/mL.

Public open space is the most popular place used in people’s public life, and the construction of high-quality public open space plays an important role in the modernization construction of livable city.This article focuses on the situation analysis and optimization of public open space in Shanghai city.Eight representative sampling sites were selected and investigated, then, six typical structure models of Shanghai public open space, including no-core type, single-core type, dual-core type, multi-core type, the axial type and the bipolar type, were constructed.By comparing the quantity and use of public open space in different models, some optimization countermeasures were put forward, in order to guide the planning and construction of the following.