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    28 February 2023, Volume 23 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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    Articles
    The Structures of European and American Poetry and Their Chinese Translation Strategies
    WU Di
    2023, 23 (1):  5-15.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2023.01.001
    Abstract ( 415 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF (1663KB) ( 236 )  

    This paper intends to discuss the Chinese translation of European and American poetry from three aspects, including the structural elements of poetry and the role of translators, the rhythm of poetry and its presentation in translation, and the musical qualities of poetry and its translation strategies. It is believed that in the process of translating poetry, not only the microscopic internal word structure of poetry should not be neglected, but also the harmonious and coherent macroscopic logical structure of poetry should be emphasized. Whether it is a rhyme scheme, rhythm, or meter, they are all significant elements of poetry and an important proposition that must be faced in translation. Musicality is the soul of poetry, and the ability to convey the musical qualities of the poems is a crucial step to achieving success in translation.

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    Translation and Area Studies from a Transknowletological Perspective
    LI Ping
    2023, 23 (1):  16-23.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2023.01.002
    Abstract ( 745 )   HTML ( 35 )   PDF (1139KB) ( 331 )  

    Area Studies is characterized by its cross-country, cross-linguistic, cross-cultural and cross-disciplinary knowledge production. Translation has long been regarded only as a tool for language transformation in Area Studies. Transknowletology theory defines the essence of translation as an action of knowledge reprocessing and discourse reconstructing. With the framework of Transknowletology, this research has made an observation on the relationship between translation and Area Studies from the dimensions of knowledge production and knowledge dissemination. It is found that translation and Area Studies are linked by knowledge, and are mutually-constructed and co-developed. Translation in Areas Studies functions in making knowledge reconstruction and knowledge dissemination in new contexts, and Areas Studies translation stimulates new translation practice field, translation knowledge domain as well as translation talents cultivation. With the fast development of Area Studies, it is certain that translation will play an increasingly important role in its knowledge production, knowledge flow, knowledge transfer, knowledge dialogue and knowledge innovation.

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    On Modernity Co-opetition of Transknowledge Discourse in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China from the Yi Chuang of “She—她”
    FU Tianjue
    2023, 23 (1):  24-31.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2023.01.003
    Abstract ( 384 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF (1353KB) ( 180 )  

    Abstract: In response to the foreign and to highlight oneself, Yi Chuang (translating others by drawing inspiration from the past self) serves as an important form of transknowledge in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, which contains the discursive alteration and the integration of ideas. Initiating from the reciprocal translation of “she—她”, this paper makes it clear that the Yi Chuang of “她” counts as a knowledge construction under the transknowledge discourse. However, it is not only the knowledge connection at the linguistic level, but the competition and concurrence of different discursive forms, which thoroughly verifies the transknowledge relationship among the three dimensions of language conversion, discourse formation and knowledge construction. Therefore, this paper continues to make a historical supplement of the reciprocal translatability between “she” and “她” as well as knowledgeable interpretation of the arguments around both, revealing that the local knowledge brings about the subjective competition when it tries to obtain the recognition and integration of other knowledge systems. In the end, this paper probes into the multi-modernity co-opetition reflected by the discursive practice of Yi Chuang, so as to demonstrate the important discursive function of transknowledge in the formation of Chinese modernity and its shaping of the “complex” image.

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    The Translation, Re-localization and Actualization of Modern Forestry Knowledge in the Late Qing and the Republican Period
    LIU Yuqin
    2023, 23 (1):  32-40.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2023.01.004
    Abstract ( 309 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF (1271KB) ( 126 )  

    Chinese scholarship underwent radical changes and the traditional knowledge system found itself in legitimacy crisis in the late Qing and Republican periods. Hence, modern disciplinary knowledge was initiated through translation through which western local knowledge was cosmopolitanized and then re-localized to fit the Chinese context. From the perspective of Transknowletology, this paper studies in detail the forestry literature translation published in missionary journals and the Journal of Agricultural Sciences in the late Qing Dynasty and forestry books in the Republic of China and finds that it was mainly Japanese forestry system that was introduced into China in the late Qing Dynasty, while many books in the Republic of China were compiled based on multiple foreign books with localized findings of experiment and investigation as well as local metrics and solar terms to suit Chinese context. In this way the cosmopolitan forestry knowledge was re-contextualized and re-localized. It is also found that the development of modern afforestation knowledge in the late Qing and Republican periods followed a special trajectory in re-localization and reproduction, namely, conceptualization, nominalization, knowledge-making, and actualization (realization). What’s more, the worldwide dissemination of scientific knowledge is not just a one-way transmission, but a two-way interaction. These findings not only help understand the relationship between translation and knowledge reproduction and diffusion, but also appreciate the essence, value and history of translation.

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    The Textual Function of the English Double Predicate Clause—The Logogenesis and Instantial System
    REN Shaozeng
    2023, 23 (1):  41-59.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2023.01.005
    Abstract ( 334 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF (2097KB) ( 125 )  

    This paper aims to look into the textual function of the English double-predicate clause within the framework of systemic functional grammar with special reference to logogenesis and instantial system. To understand textual function, it is necessary to understand text, to understand the relation between text and system, and to understand how text is generated. This calls for a clear idea of logogenesis and instantial system that are indispensable in the creation of meaning in the course of the unfolding of text. We outline how logogenesis works through contextual specification, semantic generation and lexico-grammatical generation in creating the texts by analyzing Text 1 and Text 2,and bringing to light the difference between the two in terms of resonance between logogenetic patterns.In addition, we show how instantial system operates in creating and revising the text by analyzing Text 3a and Text 3b,and showing how Text 3b selects the appropriate options to improve what Text 3a is inadequate for. Text1 and Text 3b indicate that the DP clause serves the textual function by expressing non-volitional result.As the multiple aspects of the meaning of the clause combine to contribute to its textual function,it may express such niceties of meaning as temporary unusual result or temporary contingent result.

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    The Textual Function of the Double Predicate Clause—The Basic-level Topic and the Semantic Structure
    REN Shaozeng
    2023, 23 (1):  60-84.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2023.01.006
    Abstract ( 290 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (2450KB) ( 82 )  

    This paper aims to study the textual function of the double predicate clause with special reference to the basic-level topic and its semantic structure from a cognitive-functional approach. The preliminary research results show that the immediate discourse environment in which the DP clause functions is made up of the prior process that goes before it and the ending process that comes after it. A detailed study is conducted of the prior process, including the resonance it imparts to the DP clause, the linguistic forms it takes and the ways it is related with the DP clause. As the emergent pattern may acquire added value in the context of situation, it follows that the context may imply the prior process for the DP clause. In fact, different kinds of context may cause the emergence of the DP clause. A careful study is also made of the ending process, including what the DP clause expects of it, the linguistic forms it takes and the semantic functions it performs. All this brings to light the full view of the complicated environment in which the DP clause operates. And this is in fact how the DP clause performs its function in various settings in discourse.

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    The Textual Function of the Double Predicate—The Creation of Texture
    REN Shaozeng
    2023, 23 (1):  85-102.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2023.01.007
    Abstract ( 357 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (2132KB) ( 109 )  

    This paper aims to look into the functions the double-predicate clause performs in the creation of texture. Text has texture. Texture distinguishes text from non-text. The quality of text depends partly on cohesion and partly on structure. For a text to be coherent it must be cohesive, but it must be more besides. It must be semantically appropriate and it must make sense. The DP clause contributes to the creation of texture as a semantic resource in three ways: the result the DP clause embodies anticipates an explanation that follows, thus moving forward the text; the DP or DP2 forms a cohesive link with words in a corresponding subtext, thus making the two sub-texts hang together; and it may serve to relate what goes before and after the point of time indicated by DP1 in the text with explicit form of comparison. Furthermore,a holistic view of the text and its context will bring out a deeper semantic relationship of contrast between the two subtexts, which makes them not only cohesive, but also coherent. Text is a rich and many-faceted phenomenon, so it calls for all kinds of meaning-making resources to create its texture. The DP clause performs its own function to the creation of texture with its unique semantic and structural features.Text is the instantiation of system, or, alternatively, system is text potential. In the final analysis, all the resonances and semantic relationships resulting from them happen in instantial system, which we should not lose sight of in our dynamic study of text.

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    The Textual Functions of the Double Predicate Clause—Hyper Theme and Macro Theme
    REN Shaozeng
    2023, 23 (1):  103-125.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2023.01.008
    Abstract ( 308 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF (2799KB) ( 141 )  

    Data show the fact that the DP clause is often used to begin a clause or a text, thus performing the hyper Theme or macro Theme in the discourse. We aim to look into these functions from a cognitive-functional approach. A brief survey has been made of the approaches of various linguistic schools to the paragraph. While following Dooley, we see it as the minimal complete discourse unit, we adopt an eclectic approach so that we may bring to light the structure and texture of the clause. Six samples are studied to show how knowledge management and attention management in conceptual organization combine to bring out the intended meaning the narrator may have in mind, and how attention management brings out a difference in the foregrounding of the discourse, thus confirming the fact that the DP clause is capable of performing the function of hyper Theme. Such DP clause as appears in the initial position of a paragraph also contributes to the creation of texture by either ushering in a new space when the DP1 is realized by a verb of the metaphorical be type,or relating what goes before in the previous paragraph with what comes after in the paragraph it begins when the DP1is realized by a verb of the metaphorical become type. In the study of macro Theme, two texts are studied in terms of conceptual functions in the discourse space in order to see the general outline of the text and avoid the pitfall of not seeing the forest for the trees. The results of the analysis show that the DP clause performs the textual function as macro Theme adequately.

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    Sinicization of Foreign Literature: Theories, Problems and Methods—The Case of Liu Jianjun’s A Series of Investigations on the Process ofSinicizationof European and American Literature in the Past Hundred Years
    LI Lixin
    2023, 23 (1):  139-143.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2023.01.010
    Abstract ( 266 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF (808KB) ( 92 )  

    How to integrate foreign literature with China’s reality and serve China’s cultural construction has been a heated topic. Some crucial aspects of “Sinicization”, including core concepts, practical paths and disciplinary influence, need in-depth exploration. Liu Jianjun’s latest books make a valuable contribution to the theoretical construction and text analysis of the “Sinicization” of foreign literature. It attempts to prove that the process of “Sinicization” of foreign literature is dynamically related to the process of China’s “three-step” development of modernization, that the essence of “Sinicization” is the process of acceptance and transformation of European and American literature by the Chinese literary circle, and it also outlines the “European and American literary discourse model with Chinese Characteristics” that meets the needs of the 21st century.

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    Restoration and Transcendence of Life—On the Aesthetic Features of Chekhov’s Drama
    LI Jiabao, WANG Lijun
    2023, 23 (1):  144-152.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2023.01.011
    Abstract ( 607 )   HTML ( 24 )   PDF (1556KB) ( 161 )  

    Chekhov’s discovery of the original structure of everyday life and its artistic restoration is his great contribution to the world realistic art. The use of a large number of pauses, the creation of lyric atmosphere and the internalization of characters’ actions make the plot of the drama “non-conflicted” and restore the original structure of mediocrity and absurdity of daily life; The circular dramatic structure and the elimination of the logic of language make its drama present the anti-dramatic feature of “non-causality” and expose the absurd essence of human alienation by time; It does not follow the routine of tragedy, comedy and drama, which makes its drama “non-typological”, and analyses life with extraordinary sobriety and perspective beyond time and space. It accurately summarizes and artistically expresses the solemn and stirring and pain of the disappearance of human significance in time, and gives comic attention, which sublimates the aesthetic significance of Chekhov’s drama. His anti-traditional rules of drama creation challenge people’s inherent aesthetic habits, realize drama innovation, and leave a far-reaching impact on future generations from creation to connotation.

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    Reason and Tenderness behind the “Distortion”: “Conceptualism” and “Minimalism” in Contemporary Russian Pioneer Poetry
    LI Anhua, WANG Yamin
    2023, 23 (1):  153-160.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2023.01.012
    Abstract ( 348 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF (1413KB) ( 160 )  

    The instability of Soviet society at the end of the twentieth century had a profound impact on people’s thinking, and this was deeply reflected in the creation of contemporary Russian poetry, which saw the emergence of a number of poems with distinctive creative styles and individual expressions, as well as the emergence of many pioneering poems and schools of thought in different forms and expressions. This article focuses on the most representative “Conceptualism” and “Minimalism” poems of this period, analyzing their creative characteristics, explaining their pioneering experiments, novel aesthetic views and unique aesthetic values, as well as exploring the poets’ reflections on expression and innovations in traditional Russian poetic forms, and revealing the distinctive spirit of the times contained therein.

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