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    28 December 2025, No. 6 Previous Issue   
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    From the Local to the Global: Paradigm Shift in China’s External Communication Discourse System and the Construction of International Discourse Power
    YANG Feng
    2025, 25 (6):  1-9.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.001
    Abstract ( 188 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1298KB) ( 29 )  

    China’s international communication currently faces a profound dilemma characterized by the inability to articulate its positions effectively, limited reach in dissemination, and a lack of resonance even when messages are spread. The root cause lies in the longstanding adherence to an instrumental paradigm centered on linguistic conversion, which overlooks the essence of external communication as a process of knowledge production and power construction. The key to enhancing China’s international discourse power is to facilitate a paradigm shift from mere discourse delivery to knowledge translation. Through the theoretical lens of Transknowletology, this paper constructs a four-dimensional analytical framework: de-localization, re-localization, trans-localization, and globalization, systematically elucidating how local Chinese practices can be transformed into intelligible, dialogical, and shareable global public knowledge. The paper argues that only by transcending superficial linguistic correspondence and delving into the cognitive frameworks and meaning systems behind discourses can creative knowledge translation practices break the Western-centric narrative monopoly, establish the legitimacy and influence of Chinese discourse within pluralistic knowledge communities, and ultimately achieve a fundamental shift in international discourse power from reactive response to proactive definition.

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    The “Decline” of the English Major at American Universities and Its Implications for English Programs in China
    JIANG Yajun, SHI Linfei
    2025, 25 (6):  10-19.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.002
    Abstract ( 133 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1321KB) ( 17 )  

    Following over half a century of expansion, the English major in American universities has exhibited increasing signs of “decline” since the 1970s, precipitated primarily by plummeting student enrollment. This contraction catalyzed a transformative phase of disciplinary diversification, marked by the proliferation of specialized academic tracks and fundamental reconceptualization of the field’s epistemological boundaries. By examining the trajectory of the English major, this study interrogates the endogenous and exogenous factors driving its perceived decline. Built on this analysis, the paper makes recommendations for revitalizing China’s English programs: fostering curricular pluralism through interdisciplinary hybridization, architecting epistemically sovereign pedagogical paradigms, and nurturing discipline-specific institutional ethos.

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    Research on Foreign Language Education Policies in China: Status Quo, Themes, and Frontiers
    PEI Zhengwei, WANG Xinxin
    2025, 25 (6):  20-29.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.003
    Abstract ( 165 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1552KB) ( 19 )  

    As an integral part of national strategy, foreign language education policy constitutes a major research domain of foreign language education studies. Taking 456 journal articles indexed in the CNKI database from 1993 to 2023 as samples, this study employs bibliometric methods and CiteSpace software to conduct visualized analysis of the present situation, thematic context and frontier tendency in China’s foreign language education policy research. The findings show that: (a) relevant studies have been increasing with fluctuation, published in a relatively concentrated group of journals and chiefly authored by scholars in the foreign language circles, whose collaboration across institutions and disciplines, however, is insufficient and core research teams have not yet been formed; (b) research themes are diverse, falling into the categories of domestic research, international comparative research and theoretical construction; (c) research frontiers evolve dynamically and reflect a national demand orientation. Researchers in the future should further enhance national consciousness, and based on national strategic needs, push for the diversity of research dimensions, improvement of research methodology, expansion of research scope, and turn of theoretical perspectives.

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    National Consciousness in American Literature in the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries
    LIU Bai, CHENG Tongxin
    2025, 25 (6):  30-39.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.004
    Abstract ( 87 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1308KB) ( 9 )  

    Since the United States rose to global economic power in 1894, American writers gradually recognized the need to break away from long-standing dependence on European cultural traditions and to develop a literature grounded in local experience. In American writing of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, national consciousness appears in three major forms: shaping a national spirit, representing regional culture, and establishing American English as a linguistic standard. As a key vehicle of national spirit, literature actively participated in the formation and dissemination of American national consciousness during this pivotal historical period. Examining this process also provides useful insights for building a national consciousness discourse within China’s foreign language studies.

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    National Consciousness and Global Vision: The Compiling Principles and Teaching Design of the Progressive College English Textbook China and the World
    LI Xin, XIN Hongjuan
    2025, 25 (6):  40-50.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.005
    Abstract ( 45 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1328KB) ( 15 )  

    As China plays an increasingly prominent role on the global stage, foreign language education should not only enhance students’ comprehensive language proficiency but also serve the dual purpose of disseminating China’s narratives and fostering mutual understanding across cultures. In response, China and the World: Progressive College English aligns with the College English Teaching Guide (2020 Edition) and adopts an Outcome-Based Education framework to create a textbook system that integrates both instrumental and humanistic goals. Featuring a blended print-digital interactive format, the textbook incorporates diverse types of texts related to China and the world to cultivate students’ national consciousness alongside a global vision. After a detailed articulation of the textbook’s compiling principles, this paper takes Unit 1 “The Chinese Dream” from Book 1 as an example to illustrate an outcome-based teaching design(“BOPPS+UP”), outcome-oriented teaching design, thereby offering actionable insights for reforming and advancing college English teaching practices.

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    Multimodal Discourse in College Students’ National Image Construction Through Short Videos
    CHE Siqi, WANG Zhangxu
    2025, 25 (6):  51-63.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.006
    Abstract ( 81 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (4627KB) ( 21 )  

    This study explores how Chinese college students use multimodal practices to construct national images through short videos, within the context of national image-building and cultural soft power competition. Using visual grammar and systemic functional grammar frameworks, a multimodal analysis was conducted on 20 gold-medal-winning entries from the 2024 “FLTRP·ETIC Cup ‘Understanding Contemporary China’ Short Video Contest”. The findings reveal how students use visual language and subtitles to shape the image of Digital China. Through the narrative structure of empowering technology, preserving culture, and passing the torch between generations, students incorporate national technological strength, cultural identity, and individual responsibility. This process creates a mechanism of technological embodiment, emotional normalization, and identity-driven storytelling. By moving beyond traditional grand narratives, the study confirms the theoretical effectiveness of multimodal discourse in identity construction and presents a new perspective on folk discourse from Chinese college students. It also provides insights for enhancing the effectiveness of national narrative communication.

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    On Several Pairs of Relationships in the Ideological and Political Construction of the Course “Western Literary Theory”
    JIN Wanfeng, ZOU Yunmin, LI Zeng
    2025, 25 (6):  64-72.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.007
    Abstract ( 104 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1291KB) ( 7 )  

    This paper examines three pairs of relationships that need to be properly addressed in the ideological and political construction of the course “Western Literary Theory”. The first aspect clarifies the relationship between Marxist literary theory and Western literary theory, mainly exploring their similarities and differences to achieve cognitive consistency. The second aspect analyzes the relationship between learning Marxist literary theory and learning Western literary theory to settle the question of stance. The third aspect investigates the relationship between the study and application of Marxist literary theory, identifying ways in which Marxist literary theory can be employed to guide literary criticism to solve practical issues.

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    On the Multimodal Dissemination of Excellent Traditional Chinese Culture Driven by Large Language Models in College Classrooms: A Case Study of the Yin-Shang Culture
    WANG Meng
    2025, 25 (6):  73-82.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.008
    Abstract ( 97 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1303KB) ( 8 )  

    In the digital and intelligent era, large language models have opened up new paths for the multimodal dissemination of fine traditional Chinese culture in colleges and universities. Taking Yin-Shang culture as an example, in teaching, large language models can integrate multiple senses and present Yin-Shang culture to students in multimodal forms such as text, images, audio, and video. This expands its dissemination scope, stimulates strong emotional resonance among the audience, and deepens their understanding of the connotations of Yin-Shang culture. However, the multimodal dissemination model faces a series of challenges in classroom teaching, including the adaptability of technology application, the accuracy of content creation, the coordination of dissemination channels, and the understanding differences in cross-cultural dissemination. Based on this, this paper proposes classroom teaching practice paths such as integrating high-quality resources, innovating dissemination strategies, empowering with diverse technologies, and building a sound cross-cultural dissemination system, so as to comprehensively improve the dissemination efficiency of Yin-Shang culture and inject strong impetus into the inheritance and development of fine traditional Chinese culture.

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    Paths and Characteristics of Integrating National Consciousness into College English Textbook Development
    WANG Jingtan
    2025, 25 (6):  83-93.  DOI: 10.3696/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.009
    Abstract ( 139 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1877KB) ( 15 )  

    The fact that textbook development is a matter of national sovereignty means that textbooks must embody national consciousness; however, there is currently little practical research on how to integrate this consciousness into the textbook compilation process. Taking college English textbooks as samples and drawing on a theoretical framework for embedding national consciousness in foreign-language textbooks, the paper dissects the pathways and characteristics of such integration. This study finds that national consciousness runs through the entire process of college English textbook development: the compilation philosophy is organically combined with curriculum-based ideological and political education; the content builds a tripartite discourse system of “cognition, emotion, behavior”; the tasks adopt a step-by-step design of “situation creation, practical application, value guidance”; and national consciousness elements are presented in a multimodal way, featuring symbolism, dialogism, orientation and interaction. These findings can serve as a methodological reference for future development of foreign-language textbooks.

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    Identity Construction in Foreign Language Education from the Perspective of Interculturality: The Dialectical Integration of Cross-cultural Cognition and National Identity
    SUN Yan
    2025, 25 (6):  94-102.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.010
    Abstract ( 162 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1304KB) ( 10 )  

    In the context of globalization, cultural mobility not only generates the demand for cross-cultural cognition but also provokes profound anxiety regarding cultural subjectivity. As a frontier field of cultural dialogue, foreign language education has transcended its role as a mere tool for communication, and its mission now focuses on the complex construction of cultural identity. The binary oppositional thinking in traditional foreign language education can barely address the complexity of contemporary cultural politics. Therefore, it is essential to achieve the dialectical unity of cross-cultural cognition and national identity through approaches including the reconstruction of curriculum philosophy, the innovation of teaching methodologies, and the transformation of evaluation systems. Based on this, this paper, from the perspective of intercultural philosophy, systematically deconstructs the theoretical divergences and practical intersections between cross-cultural cognitive schemas and national identity structures. It proposes “critical intercultural literacy” as an integrated theoretical framework, aiming to reconstruct the value coordinates of foreign language education and provide theoretical support for cultivating new-type talents with both global competence and cultural subjectivity. This reconstruction is not only relevant to the disciplinary positioning of foreign language education but also holds far-reaching significance for cultural dialogue and the mutual learning of civilizations in the era of globalization.

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    Developing The Communist Manifesto into an English-Major Course and an IPE Text to Cultivate National Consciousness
    LI Chunlan, LIU Hai’ou, KONG Lingcui
    2025, 25 (6):  111-116.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.012
    Abstract ( 71 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1316KB) ( 9 )  

    The introduction of the Understanding Contemporary China (English Edition) textbook series has facilitated the integration of ideological and political education (IPE) into higher education curricula. Building on this trend, The Communist Manifesto (English Edition), as both a classic Marxist theoretical literature and a work of literary merit in English, holds substantial potential for inclusion in English major curriculum- not only as an IPE course text but also as a standalone English course. Given its dual function in advancing Marxist ideological education and supporting English language and cultural instruction, The Communist Manifesto exemplifies the optimal integration of content-based IPE teaching with language-oriented English teaching. This study proposes a framework for incorporating The Communist Manifesto into English-major curricula, aiming to promote students’ national consciousness and to achieve the broader objective of cultivating virtue through education. Finally, the paper explores AI-assisted strategies and methods for enhancing the engagement and contemporary significance of teaching The Communist Manifesto in the digital era.

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    On the Ideological and Political Education in Foreign Literature Courses in the Big Data and AI Era
    WANG Yingjun
    2025, 25 (6):  117-123.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.013
    Abstract ( 70 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1278KB) ( 7 )  

    In the big data and AI era, the primary task of ideological and political education in foreign literature courses is to resist the large-scale online transplantation of Western ideologies. The main goal is to cultivate students’ ability to form a cross-cultural cognitive competence based on self-cultural subjectivity. There are two root causes for the danger initiated by the transplantation. One is that Western ideologies can flow unimpeded into the virtual world through blockchain technology, influencing the Chinese students immersed in it. The other is that Western ideologies may construct information cocoons through algorithmic filtering as well as information selecting and sending, thus manipulating students’ thinking. This article, on the basis of the three-dimensional framework of “cognition, affect, and behavior”, proposes to adhere to a Chinese stance in teaching designs and enhance students’ cognition of their ideological subjectivity to shield themselves from being eroded and objectified. Moreover, Chinese cultural conceptions should be integrated into the teaching, and an AI-empowered reflective and critical study should be adopted to improve students’ sense of responsibility for themselves, their family, and their nation, to sharpen their aesthetic perception, and to upgrade their capability of value judgment. Only in this way can the students have a strong and steadfast ego and resist the objectification and manipulation of Western ideologies.

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    The Development Path of Human Intelligence in Translation Education Under the Generative Learning Theory
    WU Zhihui
    2025, 25 (6):  124-133.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.014
    Abstract ( 108 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (2282KB) ( 15 )  

    The profound advancement of artificial intelligence necessitates a redefinition of translation education. Against this backdrop of technological empowerment, how to solidify Human Intelligence (HI) has emerged as a central issue. Grounded in generative learning theory, this study constructs a theoretical framework for the development of human intelligence within translation education. It proposes systematically enhancing learners’ irreplaceability in key dimensions, such as cultural interpretation, creative translation, and ethical judgment, through three core mechanisms: cognitive activation, cultural schema generation, and metacognitive monitoring. Based on the educational philosophy of “human-led, machine-assisted”, this study recommends establishing a HI development assessment system and optimizing curriculum design for human-machine collaboration to promote a paradigm shift in translation education for the age of artificial intelligence. This study offers theoretical references and practical pathways for reshaping the translation education system with HI at its core.

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    Generative AI Translation: Ethical Dilemmas and Governance Approaches
    CHEN Lixia
    2025, 25 (6):  134-141.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.015
    Abstract ( 239 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1300KB) ( 16 )  

    Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) is reshaping the fundamental paradigm of translation. Its gains in efficiency starkly contrast with unsettled ethical practices. Drawing on Chesterman’s ethics of commitment, communication, and service, this paper identifies three persistent paradoxes in the GAI-mediated translation arena: suspended responsibility attribution, dissipation or distortion of cultural information, and the erosion of translators’ professional agency. Specifically, blurred duties give rise to dual disputes over error liability and intellectual-property attribution; mechanized communication increases the risks of contextual collapse and cultural misreading; and service instrumentalization obscures translators’ value while weakening user transparency and informed consent. To restore balance, the study proposes a governance agenda comprising: (a) robust mechanisms for delineating accountability across developers, platforms, translators, and clients; (b) cultivation of AI-enabled cultural translation competence to mitigate bias and preserve diversity; and (c) translator-centered human-AI collaboration that embeds expert oversight across the workflow. The paper argues that the sustainable evolution of GAI in translation hinges on re-balancing instrumental rationality with value rationality, thereby establishing a trustworthy ethical framework that safeguards quality, fairness, and public confidence.

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    Investigating the Correlation Between Teachers’ Teaching for Creativity and Foreign Language Teaching Enjoyment
    CHEN Ying, PENG Jian’e, LIU Yi
    2025, 25 (6):  142-149.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.016
    Abstract ( 61 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1304KB) ( 13 )  

    Teachers’ Teaching for Creativity (TFC) and teaching enjoyment play a significant role in enhancing the quality of foreign language education. Nevertheless, prior research has paid little attention to these two aspects. This study explored the levels of English teachers’ TFC and Foreign Language Teaching Enjoyment (FLTE) and their correlation, using questionnaire based on data from 699 junior high school English teachers in Guangdong Province. The results of data analysis indicated that: (a) generally, English teachers’ TFC and FLTE were both at relatively high levels; (b) there was a strong significant positive correlation between English teachers’ TFC and their FLTE; among the four dimensions of TFC, teacher self-efficacy, societal value and student potential were significant predictors of FLTE but environmental encouragement was not. These findings can not only enrich the perspective of research on foreign language teachers’ emotions, but also provide some insights for the studies on TFC.

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    The Constructional Path of Sinicization for Chinese Loanwords
    WEI Zaijiang
    2025, 25 (6):  150-159.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.017
    Abstract ( 90 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1302KB) ( 11 )  

    Constructional morphology emphasizes “form-meaning pairings”, a characteristic that highly aligns with the research needs of loanwords. Construction grammar offers a new perspective for the study of loanwords, enabling an in-depth analysis of their constructional features, formation mechanisms, and localization processes in Chinese through the pairing relationship between form and meaning. This paper, taking construction grammar as the framework, discusses the word-formation mechanisms of Chinese loanwords from several aspects, including constructional wholes, constructional schemas, constructional coercion, and constructional pragmatics, providing a new perspective for loanword research. This research indicates that Construction Grammar provides a universal analytical framework that can uniformly explain the Sinicization mechanisms of different types of loanwords, including transliteration, free translation, semi-transliteration and semi-free translation, and loan shapes.

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    Progress and Prospects in the Research on Motion Events at Home and Abroad
    YU Cuihong, HAN Xiaoxi, CHEN Zhixin
    2025, 25 (6):  160-174.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn
    Abstract ( 40 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (3188KB) ( 24 )  

    Aided with the visualization software CiteSpace, the paper conducts a scientometric analysis of the academic research on motion events, respectively sourced from CNKI and Web of Science during two time periods, namely 2001—2011 and 2012—2022. The results revealed that ever since the beginning of the 21st century, the motion event research had yielded fruitful achievements abroad within the fields of cognitive science and psychology; although domestic interdisciplinary studies started relatively late, explorations into the lexicalization patterns of motion events in Chinese had not only effectively supplemented the linguistic typology system but also stimulated international interest in the Chinese language. The results also indicated that compared to the previous period, the latter period (2012—2022) saw significant growth both at home and abroad, with a noticeable shift from theoretical discussions to empirical studies. Besides, interdisciplinary investigations from the perspective of cognitive linguistics developed prominently, and studies related to second language acquisition and processing also increased remarkably during the second period. In the foreseeable future, it will remain key research hotspots to investigate the relationship between language and thinking, as well as the neural and brain mechanisms involved in the perception and understanding of motion events using eye movement, ERP, and fMRI. Moreover, research findings of motion events can be applied to other disciplines, such as cognitive impairment rehabilitation training, natural language processing, etc., thereby bridging significant methodological gap and promoting dialogue and collaboration.

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    Knowledge-Language Interplay from a Transknowletological Perspective
    HUANG Min, HU Ting
    2025, 25 (6):  175-183.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.019
    Abstract ( 75 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1775KB) ( 24 )  

    Knowledge translation studies or Transknowletology is an emerging field, yet the interaction between knowledge and other elements in translation remains underexplored. Grounded in the theory of Transknowletology, this paper systematically examines the bidirectional relationship between knowledge as the ontology of translation and language as a significant factor. It demonstrates that knowledge guides and shapes linguistic choices, while language simultaneously carries and constrains knowledge representation, resulting in a dynamic interplay between the two. By analyzing the role of translation in the cyclical process of knowledge acquisition, analysis, dissemination, and impact, this study proposes a four-phase optimization framework encompassing multidimensional knowledge accumulation, decoding of implicit source-text information, controlled translation effectiveness, and reconstructed knowledge democratization. This framework empowers translators to develop systematic cognition, activate subjective awareness, adapt translation strategies, and engage in knowledge ecosystem construction. Ultimately, the research offers methodological insights for globalizing local knowledge, contributing to more equitable transnational knowledge flows.

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    The Origins, Evolution, and Research Paradigms of Transknowletology
    YUE Feng, LIN Jiefan
    2025, 25 (6):  184-193.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.020
    Abstract ( 229 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1311KB) ( 14 )  

    Transknowletology is a new achievement of China’s localized translation theory, which approaches translation from the perspective of human knowledge, offering vast theoretical and practical spaces. By tracing the theoretical foundation, historical background, and developmental trajectory of Transknowletology, and conducting a paradigm genealogy, it is possible to reveal its role in promoting the transformation of contemporary translation paradigms and the reconstruction of discourse so as to clarify the research paradigm of Transknowletology. This theory has formed a completely new research paradigm and provides new directions for translation research and practice, reflecting the “theoretical confidence” of contemporary Chinese translation studies.

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    Knowledge Reproduction-Centered Pedagogical Practice for Translation of TCM Classics
    YANG Yu, YANG Xingjun
    2025, 25 (6):  194-202.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.021
    Abstract ( 192 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1303KB) ( 10 )  

    Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) classics serve as the core carrier of TCM culture, and their translation pedagogy faces dual challenges of language conversion and knowledge reproduction. The Shanghai Key Course “TCM Classics: A Global View” is an interdisciplinary and integrated translation course designed under the theoretical guidance of the theory of Transknowletology. By analyzing various aspects of teaching practice, including curriculum design, faculty development, pedagogical innovation, evaluation systems, and the integration of teaching and research, this paper proposes that TCM classics translation teaching should transcend traditional language instruction. Instead, it ought to center on “knowledge reproduction” and adopt a framework of “truth, goodness, and beauty” for both instructional design and assessment. Leveraging AI-enabled smart teaching, the course offers innovative practical insights for the development of TCM foreign language disciplines and the cultivation of globally competent TCM professionals with cross-linguistic knowledge-building capabilities. The educational perspective of knowledge translation is also discussed.

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    From “Spiritual Pursuit” to “Creative Translation”: Research on the Succession of Chinese Discourses on Shakespeare Translation: A Comparative Analysis Based on the Translation Archives of Zhu Shenghao and Xu Yuanchong
    ZHANG Mi
    2025, 25 (6):  203-212.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.022
    Abstract ( 91 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1335KB) ( 7 )  

    Frequent retranslations of Shakespeare in China have contributed to different discourses on translation and they are important components of the system of Chinese discourse on translation, however, less attention has been paid to the relationship between different translation discourses. Based on translation archives, this article analyzes the succession of Xu Yuanchong’s discourse on translation to that of Zhu Shenghao. First, connotations of “Spiritual Pursuit” by Zhu Shenghao and “Creative Translation” by Xu Yuanchong are summarized through translator’s prefaces or comments with the succession relationship explored; then the relationship is further investigated on the practice level using Zhu’s and Xu’s translation manuscripts of Hamlet with explanations sought via translator’s biography, correspondences and so on. It is discovered that the succession of “Creative Translation” to “Spiritual Pursuit” is reflected from the emphasis on the literacy and artistry of the translation, while the relationship is shown by the readability and performability based on revisions on their translation manuscripts.

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    Exotic Mirroring: The Knowledge-Productive Translation of Jin Ping Mei in the Anglophone World in the First Half of the 20th Century
    SHI Yun
    2025, 25 (6):  213-222.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.06.023
    Abstract ( 150 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1331KB) ( 7 )  

    The transformation and reception of Chinese literature in the global literary field is an ongoing process. Taking the classical novel Jin Ping Mei as a representative case, this paper finds that its knowledge-generating translation has demonstrated the dynamics and complexity of translation when Chinese literature is introduced into the foreign context. By tracing the translational history and translated versions of Jin Ping Mei, this study aims to uncover how each version serves as a mirror of its time, with a particular focus on the agents driving these translations in respective historical contexts. Furthermore, it seeks to reveal the hidden mechanisms shaping the novel’s translation and knowledge production, contributing to a broader discussion on the effective pathways for the global transmission and development of Chinese literature within world literature.

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