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28 August 2025, No. 4 Previous Issue   

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A Toast to the Journal's Inclusion by CSSCI YANG Feng 2025, 25 (4):  1-2.  Abstract ( 12 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1218KB) ( 7 )   References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploring New Paths in Corpus Stylistics: How does Kazuo Ishiguro Construct the Meaning of Hailsham in Never Let Me Go? ZHEN Fengchao 2025, 25 (4):  3-14.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.04.001 Abstract ( 14 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1371KB) ( 1 )   By means of quantitatively analyzing language data, corpus stylistics aims to explore the style of literary work. In some degree, however, this kind of study neglects the richness of meaning constructed in the literary work. The textual perspective of meaning analysis in corpus linguistics sheds light on new paths of corpus-based literature study. From the textual perspective, we can observe and analyze relationship of the roles and the line of development hidden in a fiction, and therefore obtain a completely new interpretation of the meaning conveyed in the fiction. Sinclair & Mauranen (2006) proposed the notions of discourse object and discourse incident which can be applied to the interpretation of meaning in literary texts. Hailsham is the center of fictional world constructed in Kazuo Ishiguro’s fiction Never Let Me Go and the depiction of it runs throughout the whole fiction. The previous studies on Hailsham mainly focus on its humanizing education and the analysis of its failure, neglecting the exquisite subtlety in meaning of Hailsham. This study employs the ideas of discourse object and discourse incident to analyze how Kazuo Ishiguro constructs the semantic network of Hailsham and gives distinctive personality and souls to the characters in spellbinding detail. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Towards a Part-of-Speech (PoS) Gram Approach to Corpus-based Phraseology LIN Ling, LIU Ming 2025, 25 (4):  15-27.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.04.002 Abstract ( 13 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1370KB) ( 3 )   One of the primary concerns in corpus linguistics is phraseology. This study first gives an extensive review of previous studies on phraseology in corpus linguistics, and then proposes a new approach to corpus-based phraseology studies, i.e., the Part-of-Speech (PoS) gram procedure. After giving a brief introduction to its definition and key features, this study also addresses the implications of this approach in four different fields of study, including the extraction and analysis of phraseologies, the function of phraseologies, textual studies, and language teaching and learning. It is argued that although this approach has long been ignored in international and domestic linguistic studies, it can provide phraseology studies with new perspectives, new tools, and new findings, which can be a useful supplement to existing approaches and worthy of further exploration and application. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An Evaluative Analysis of Climate-related Information Disclosure of Chinese NEV Companies REN Ran, CHENG Xia, WU Xiaochun 2025, 25 (4):  28-39.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.04.003 Abstract ( 13 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1567KB) ( 7 )   Based on Appraisal Theory and the TCFD framework, this study conducts a textual analysis of climate-related information disclosures from 12 Chinese listed new energy vehicle (NEV) companies using the UAM Corpus Tool 2.0. The analysis focuses on evaluative themes, attitudinal resources, and polarity distribution. Findings show that Chinese NEV companies mainly disclose themes related to governance mechanisms and strategic planning, using judgment resources-resilience and appreciation resources-reactivity to positively evaluate the company’s moral qualities, capabilities, and practical achievements. However, they negatively evaluate the climate-related impacts in strategic planning. Additionally, disclosures regarding corporate adaptive capacity in strategic planning are insufficient. The results offer important insights for corporate ESG discourse practices and business English teaching. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Sequence of Tense in Complement Clause in English ZHAO Hongyu, YANG Kai 2025, 25 (4):  40-53.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.04.004 Abstract ( 9 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1457KB) ( 2 )   Sequence of tense (SOT) is the phenomenon whereby the tense of the embedded clause is made to match that of its main clause. The paper deals with SOT in the complement clause in English from the perspective of syntax. An ambiguity arises when both the main clause and the complement clause are in the past, in which the past-shifted interpretation and the simultaneous interpretation are yielded. The predicative theory of tense has been employed to give a principled account of how the ambiguity is derived in the complement clause. The research shows that the central aspects of the syntax and semantics of tense can be seized by independently motivated general principles of syntactic theory so as to dig out the inner laws of tense agreement in English. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Usage of Please in Spoken BNC2014: Regularities and Pedagogical Implications ZHANG Yujia, YUE Ming 2025, 25 (4):  54-67.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.04.005 Abstract ( 8 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1341KB) ( 1 )   As an important daily word to express requests and politeness, please is often ignored or improperly used by Chinese students due to cultural differences. Based on the idea that the actual use of please by native speakers should be taken as a reference in second language pedagogy, this study analyses data from the Spoken BNC2014. By statistical means including log-likelihood, Spearman correlation and logistic regression, this study explores the effects of gender, age and social class on the frequency of please usage, as well as British English speakers’ choice of sentence type and intra-sentence position. Results show that, intralinguistically, interrogative sentences tend to be paired with sentence-final please; while extralinguistically, females use please more frequently, while males tend to use please in the initial position of imperative sentences; teenagers use please most frequently and prefer to apply interrogative sentences; middle-class speakers use please more frequently than other classes. This study further elicits native English speakers’ choices of please sentential position and sentence type in real life, and proposes a teaching scheme of please explicit and implicit instruction, which shows significance in Chinese students’ pragmatic competence improvement in terms of English request. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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CLI-guided Development of Foreign Language Teaching Materials: Explorations and Reflections CHANG Junyue, WU Jing 2025, 25 (4):  68-75.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.04.006 Abstract ( 11 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1331KB) ( 8 )   Different from philosophies that guide foreign language skills training and foreign language teaching, the philosophy of Content and Language Integration (CLI) has great potentials in improving learners’ foreign language proficiency and developing learners’ content-area knowledge, abilities and competencies simultaneously, and it has unique strengths in guiding the development of foreign language teaching (FLT) materials. This article analyzs different philosophies that guided the development of FLT materials, summarizes the experience of CLI-guided material development, and presents five principles that may guide the development of content and language integrated FLT materials. It is hoped that the experience and the principles can shed some light on the development of FLT materials and the improvement of foreign language education. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Multiple Foreign Language Learners’ Creative Thinking Development: A Case Study XU Hao 2025, 25 (4):  76-87.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.04.007 Abstract ( 9 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1346KB) ( 0 )   This study examines the development of creative thinking in multilingual learners and its influencing factors, with a particular focus on the role of cross-linguistic transfer and the impact of formal classroom environments. Employing a multiple-case qualitative research design, the study conducted two rounds of individual interviews with 13 multilingual learners and collected relevant textual data. The findings reveal that multilingual learners exhibit a convergence-oriented pattern in creative thinking transfer, wherein they prioritize selecting and integrating experiences from their native language (L1) and first foreign language (L2) when learning a second foreign language (L3), rather than engaging in entirely divergent exploration. Furthermore, the depersonalized nature of formal classroom instruction imposes constraints on the development of creative thinking, as evidenced by the absence of minority perspectives in classroom interactions and the predominance of compliance over cognitive transformation. These findings suggest that the high degree of homogeneity in multilingual learning experiences may reinforce path dependence, leading learners to rely more on stable cognitive frameworks rather than exploratory strategies in learning a new language. Similarly, the cross-linguistic uniformity of curricula and instructional practices weakens the role of L2 in creative thinking transfer, prompting learners to draw more extensively from their structurally distinct L1 experiences in developing innovative learning strategies. These insights highlight the need to critically reassess the role of curriculum and pedagogy in promoting learner autonomy and creative thinking in foreign language education, thus advocating for more flexible and diverse learning models. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Tracing the Historical-Cutural Origins of Peer Feedback in Chinese Learning Traditions ZHANG Fuhui, XIE Pan, XU Yue 2025, 25 (4):  88-97.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.04.008 Abstract ( 9 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1300KB) ( 1 )   Peer learning, as an important means to promote students’ deep learning, is a consensus in both Chinese and Western educational cultures. Currently, there is a tendency to trace back only to Western theories, such as social cultural theory and interaction theory, when discussing peer assessment to promote learning. It is crucial to draw nourishment from Chinese learning culture to provide cultural insights from China for the international development of peer assessment research, thereby promoting mutual learning and exchange in language education. This article aims to trace the origins of peer assessment by reviewing the traditions of Chinese learning culture. Following the development trajectory from ancient times to the present, it traces the main related peer learning cultures back to Confucius’ theory of peer learning, the theory of shared appreciation and critique of poetry and prose, as well as the culture of critique and self-critique in revolutionary periods. These cultural traditions provide an ideological foundation for the value and principles of peer assessment in Chinese education and offer traditional nourishment for the practical approaches and methods of peer assessment teaching. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Study on English Learning Efficiency of College Students Empowered by Smart Learning Tools in the Context of Digital Intelligence JIANG Lingmin 2025, 25 (4):  98-108.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.04.009 Abstract ( 10 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1298KB) ( 1 )   In the context of digital intelligence, smart learning tools have become powerful assistant for college students in their English learning process. This study focuses on the application of smart learning tools in college students’ English learning and the factors affecting their English learning efficiency, which aims to explore the path of smart learning tools empowering college students to improve their English learning efficiency. After two semesters of empirical research and data analysis of non-English majors in the host university, this study found that the seamless access and personalized customization of smart learning tools not only enhanced the learners’ autonomous and collaborative learning ability, but also had a positive contribution to the improvement of the efficiency of English learning in university by virtue of its convenience and rich learning resources. However, the relatively weak self-control ability of college students, the need to improve teachers’ concepts and digital literacy and the lack of intelligent learning environment largely affect the efficiency of English learning. To address these issues, this study puts forward suggestions to help students use smart learning tools in a scientific and rational way from the perspectives of college students, teachers and smart learning environment in colleges to maximize the efficiency of English learning. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Applications and Prospects of Educational Robots in Higher Education ZHAN Haiying, LU Xiaofei 2025, 25 (4):  109-121.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.04.010 Abstract ( 11 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1346KB) ( 4 )   With the rapid development of educational robotics technology, numerous empirical studies have explored its applications in higher education. This paper provides a systematic review of 41 empirical studies on the use of educational robots in higher education, analyzing them from five dimensions: the distribution of academic disciplines;the types, functions, and roles of robots in educational settings;the purpose of robot applications;the types of data collected and the reported effects of robot applications;and the identified issues and challenges. The analysis revealed five major academic disciplines, four types of robots, three application roles, four application purposes, five types of research data, four aspects of application effects, and three categories of issues and challenges across the studies reviewed. Based on these findings, this paper further explores the prospects of educational robots in higher education, with the aim to provide directional guidance for future research and practice. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the Reform of Pre-service Foreign Language Teacher Education Curriculum from the Perspective of Foreign Language Education Studies YUAN Rui, WANG Kailun, LI Mo 2025, 25 (4):  122-131.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.04.011 Abstract ( 7 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (2838KB) ( 1 )   Drawing on theoretical basis of foreign language education studies, this paper analyzes the practice and reform of a pre-service foreign language teacher education course — Introduction to English Language Studies — offered for undergraduate education majors at the University of Macau. It explores the reciprocal relationship between foreign language education studies and foreign language teacher education, and systematically analyzes the course’s design, content, and learning feedback from pre-service English teachers. During two years of teaching practice and innovation, the course features a series of targeted pedagogical activities and strategies, in order to guide pre-service teachers to explore the origin, meaning, and development of the English language in depth, along with its application and influences in instructional and social contexts. The course also lays a solid foundation for pre-service teachers to systematically study language theories and teaching methodologies by cultivating their multilingual language awareness and critical thinking abilities. Meanwhile, it further catalyzes their in-depth reflection about their identities as both language learners and future teachers. Overall, the paper discusses key issues of curriculum reform of foreign language teacher education in depth and sheds new light on the current practice and research of teacher education. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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On Legal Knowledge Transfer in Literary Translation: A Case Study of Shapiro’s Translation of Shuihu Zhuan ZHAO Junfeng, LONG Xinyuan 2025, 25 (4):  132-141.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.04.012 Abstract ( 14 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1312KB) ( 16 )   Transknowletology, an emerging field that bridges translation practice and knowledge transfer on the basis of the constructiveness of translation and mobility of knowledge, examines how local knowledge disseminates globally through translation and contributes to the construction of the world knowledge. Literary translation has a socialized function of knowledge transfer, facilitated by the aesthetic value of literary works. Similarly, legal literature translation involves the exchange of different countries’ original legal knowledge across languages, cultures and legal systems. Drawing upon the Law and Literature Movement and its “law in literature” approach, this paper clarifies legal literature’s nature and the translator’s role as the knowledge communicator, and explores the legal knowledge transfer in literary translation with Shapiro’s translation of Shuihu Zhuan as a case. It is shown that thanks to the knowledge accumulation concerning traditional Chinese law and culture, Shapiro not only shows the awareness of Lige (Standardization), expounding on the legal knowledge and cultural connotations in the source text, but employs the strategy called Chuanyi (Communication), omitting obsolete or negative legal information to reconstruct the image of traditional Chinese law. Shapiro’s translation of Chinese legal literature is conducive to redefining the contemporary value of traditional Chinese legal knowledge and rule-of-law scenarios, laying the foundation for telling the story about China’s rule of law and reshaping the image of China under the rule of law. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Study on the Translation of Legal Archaic Words from the Perspective of Transknowletology CAO Jin, ZHAN Lulu 2025, 25 (4):  142-156.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.04.013 Abstract ( 15 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1562KB) ( 7 )   Legal translation holds a pivotal position in the development of the international rule of law, functioning as a channel for the cross-legal system and cross-language communication of legal knowledge. From the perspective of Transknowletology, legal translation encompasses not only the processing, reconstruction, and communication of legal language and cultural elements, but also manifests the transformation and integration of knowledge localization. Language serves as the medium through which law is articulated and preserved. Certain legal terminology has persisted since ancient times, which is a phenomenon ubiquitous across legal languages globally. The use of Archaic Words within legal language is particularly prevalent, underscoring the formality and authority of the law, which makes them harder to translate. This paper delves into the translation level of knowledge and the knowledge level of translations embedded in Archaic Words from the perspective of Transknowletology. The former, the translation level of knowledge, pertains to the language knowledge level, which encompasses precision, formality, historicity, and logical coherence in Archaic Words. The latter, the knowledge of translation, aims to the skills knowledge level, including translation methods, such as literal translation, free translation, and addition and omission. The goal is to forge an interface that fosters a positive interaction between the translation level of knowledge and the knowledge level of translation, thereby furnishing comprehensive and multilevel knowledge support for legal English translation endeavors. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the Application of Parallel Corpus in the Translation of Civil Code Terminology from the Perspective of Transknowletology ZHAO Tao, DONG Xiaobo 2025, 25 (4):  157-172.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.04.014 Abstract ( 9 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1698KB) ( 11 )   Drawing on the theoretical framework of transknowletology, this study investigates the application mechanisms and effectiveness of parallel corpora in translating legal terminology from The Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China (hereafter the Civil Code). By constructing a Chinese-English parallel corpus and comparatively analyzing four authoritative translations (from the Legislative Affairs Commission, HeinOnline, the NPC official website, and PKU Law Database), the research yields the following findings: At the linguistic level, all translations show considerable consistency in basic lexical and syntactic features, effectively reproducing the stylistic conventions of legal English. While variations exist in the usage of high-frequency formulaic expressions, overall adherence to the target language’s legal textual norms is evident. Regarding key civil subject terms, translators predominantly employ literal translation for terms with direct equivalence to ensure conceptual accuracy. For culturally specific or conceptually non-equivalent terms, translators adopt explanatory translation strategies to reconstruct cross-system legal knowledge, aiming for functional equivalence in the target context. The findings demonstrate four critical functions of parallel corpora: providing normative references, identifying conceptual gaps, assisting translation strategy selection and validation, and maintaining terminological consistency. These functions enable translators to overcome systemic legal differences and realize accurate conceptual transmission and functional equivalence under the principles of accuracy, appropriateness, and stylistic conformity. The research offers corpus-based approach for translating the Civil Code and enriches the theoretical research of legal translation from a transknowletology perspective. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Study on the English Translation of the 24 Solar Terms from the Perspective of Transknowletology YE Mengru, ZHANG Hairong 2025, 25 (4):  173-181.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.04.015 Abstract ( 15 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1282KB) ( 5 )   The 24 Solar Terms, as an outstanding traditional Chinese culture and a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, hold crucial significance in their English translation for promoting international dissemination of this calendrical knowledge. Nonetheless, there has not been a universally accepted and adopted English translation version. Transknowletology clears that the essence of translation lies in the transfer of knowledge and views translation as a process of global recognition of local knowledge, which not only creates a new path for translation studies, but also provides methodological guidance for translation practices. This study, grounded in Transknowlogy and guided by its translation principles of “truth, virtue, and beauty”, examines the similarities and differences, merits and demerits of five representative English translations of the 24 Solar Terms. Through comparative analysis, it proposes optimized translation recommendations conducive to knowledge transfer, aiming to enhance global recognition of this temporal knowledge system and facilitate the international dissemination of traditional Chinese culture. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Post-Editing Teaching and Post-Editing Competence Development: Practices, Findings and Implications CHENG Shuang, ZHANG Yushuang 2025, 25 (4):  182-195.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.04.016 Abstract ( 13 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1587KB) ( 4 )   With machine translation post-editing becoming an important link in the language service industry, the cultivation of post-editing talents has become an important topic in translation studies. Research on the post-editing teaching started earlier in foreign countries, while domestic research is almost in a gap. Based on the curricular in foreign universities and guided by the three-dimensional model of post-editing competence constructed by Feng Quangong, this study explores the practical significance of post-editing teaching on improving post-editing competence with teaching practice. This study conducts questionnaire survey and interviews on students of translation technology course in an applied university in Shanghai. The results show that: (1) Machine translation post-editing has great development potential and prospects, so it is necessary to set up an independent course for in-depth learning; (2) After teaching, the students’ overall mastery of post-editing competence is good, but the performance of various dimensions is uneven, showing the characteristics of “strong knowledge competence, weak cognitive competence, and lack of technical competence”; (3) Cognition has the greatest influence on improving post-editing competence. This paper, taking the above as the basis, puts forward suggestions on the teaching from the aspects of content, methods and mode in order to achieve better teaching results. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Translation and Construction of Modern Media Consciousness: Focusing on the Translation of Les Contemporains SHI Tingting, LIU Xuyi 2025, 25 (4):  196-204.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2025.04.017 Abstract ( 9 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1297KB) ( 3 )   Founded in 1932 in Shanghai, a hub for the dissemination of both Chinese and Western learning, the magazine Les Contemporains(1932—1935) has long been regarded as the stronghold for the translation of Western modernism into Chinese in the 1930s. The translation practices of this magazine have played a positive role in the introduction and dissemination of world modern literature in China. Studying it from the perspective of media can further uncover its value beyond literary and translation history, providing a model for the modern development of domestic periodical publishing in the new era. The article takes the translation practices of the magazine as its research object. By examining its translation motives, translation process, and the organizational forms of its translation practices, the study explores how the magazine created a space for the reading and dissemination of world modern literary and artistic information and constructed a mainstream model of modern media consciousness under the unique media context of the 1930s. This model represents the awakening and application of modern media consciousness by periodical translation groups, making an important contribution to shaping the modern perception of media means and tools among the Chinese people. References | Related Articles | Metrics