Analysis of the status and influencing factors of patient dignity in the intensive care unit

doi:10.16138/j.1673-6087.2026.01.06

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To explore the current status and influencing factors of dignity among patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 240 patients admitted to the ICU of our hospital from April to October 2023. General data were recorded, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Patient Dignity Inventory (PDI) were used for assessment. The current status of dignity among ICU patients and its relationship with clinical characteristics were analyzed. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between ICU patient dignity and anxiety/depression emotions. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing ICU patient dignity. Results The total PDI score of the 240 patients was (70.48±10.67) points, with moderate to severe loss of dignity accounting for over 75.58%. Statistically significant differences in PDI scores were observed among patients of different ages, educational levels, family monthly per capita income, living arrangements, primary caregivers, family relationships, and length of ICU stay (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the total PDI score and its dimensions were positively correlated with the total HADS score, anxiety score, and depression score (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression revealed that advanced age, non-family member as the primary caregiver, average family relationships, and longer ICU stay were risk factors for loss of dignity in ICU patients, while high educational level was a protective factor (P<0.05). Conclusions Loss of dignity is common among ICU patients, and its occurrence is closely related to patient age, primary caregiver, family relationships, length of ICU stay, anxiety/depression, and educational level. Close attention should be paid to this issue, and active intervention should be implemented.

Key words: intensive care unit, patient dignity, current status, influencing factors

CLC Number:

R459.7
R473

WANG Minhui, KANG Lei. Analysis of the status and influencing factors of patient dignity in the intensive care unit[J]. Journal of Internal Medicine Concepts & Practice, 2026, 21(01): 46-52.

Figures/Tables 6

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References 19

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项目	例数（占比）[n（%）]
性别
男性	148（61.67）
女性	92（38.33）
年龄（岁）
18~35	39（16.25）
36~60	78（32.50）
≥61	123（51.25）
文化程度
小学及以下	48（20.00）
初中	89（37.08）
中专/高中及以上	103（42.92）
婚姻状况
已婚	167（69.58）
离异/丧偶/未婚	73（30.42）
子女情况（名）
0	43（17.92）
1	124（51.67）
≥2	73（30.42）
家庭人均月收入（元）
≤1 000	24（10.00）
1 001~3 000	87（36.25）
3 001~5 000	85（35.42）
≥5 001	44（18.33）
就业情况
在职	89（37.08）
退休	104（43.33）
其他	47（19.58）
居住方式
独居	53（22.08）
与家人居住	187（77.92）
医疗费用支付方式
医保	213（88.75）
自费	27（11.25）
主要陪护者
直系亲属	202（84.17）
其他	38（15.83）
家庭关系
良好	146（60.83）
一般	94（39.17）
入住ICU天数（d）
<7	134（55.83）
7~14	62（25.83）
≥14	44（18.33）
接受手术
是	47（19.58）
否	193（80.42）
HADS-焦虑
发生	152（63.33）
未发生	88（36.67）
HADS-抑郁
发生	147（61.25）
未发生	93（38.75）

项目	条目数（个）	总分（分）	总分均分（分）	条目均分（分）
PDI总分	25	25~125	70.48±10.67	2.82±0.43
症状困扰	5	5~25	16.75±2.42	3.35±0.48
心理状况	6	6~30	17.34±3.57	2.89±0.60
依赖性	4	4~20	11.67±2.04	2.92±0.51
精神安宁	7	7~35	19.37±2.25	2.77±0.32
社会支持	3	3~15	5.35±0.39	1.78±0.13

项目	例数（n）	PDI评分	t/F	P
性别			1.129	0.260
男性	148	71.25±7.57
女性	92	70.07±8.34
年龄（岁）			27.180	<0.001
18~35	39	64.35±6.44
36~60	78	69.41±6.78
≥61	123	73.52±7.34
文化程度			7.130	0.001
小学及以下	48	73.18±8.57
初中及以上	89	70.25±9.41
中专/高中及以上	103	67.43±8.67
婚姻状况			1.488	0.138
已婚	167	69.44±8.31
其他	73	71.25±9.45
子女数量（名）			1.550	0.214
0	43	69.78±6.79
1	124	71.34±5.67
≥2	73	70.23±5.25
家庭人均月收入（元）			13.580	<0.001
≤1 000	24	75.67±6.44
1 001~3 000	87	72.64±5.37
3 001~5 000	85	70.18±6.38
≥5 001	44	67.34±5.42
就业情况			1.080	0.342
在职	89	71.25±7.25
退休	104	69.70±6.79
其他	47	70.18±8.74
居住方式			5.844	<0.001
独居	53	73.41±8.43
与家人居住	187	67.58±5.72
医疗费用支付方式			1.735	0.084
医保	213	69.28±8.15
自费	27	72.15±7.68
主要陪护者			6.416	<0.001
直系	202	65.73±6.48
其他	38	73.45±8.35
家庭关系			5.839	<0.001
良好	146	68.77±7.23
一般	94	74.65±8.18
入住ICU天数（d）			35.280	<0.001
<7	134	67.25±6.38
7~14	62	71.38±7.29
≥14	44	76.41±5.32
接受手术			1.122	0.263
是	47	71.14±8.63
否	193	69.45±9.41

项目	HADS总分	焦虑	抑郁
与HADS对应维度得分比较，^：P<0.05；^*：P<0.01。
PDI总分	0.725^**	0.685^**	0.711^**
症状困扰	0.654^**	0.675^**	0.639^**
心理状况	0.748^**	0.697^**	0.776^**
依赖性	0.547^*	0.534^*	0.615^**
精神安宁	0.575^*	0.464^*	0.519^*
社会支持	0.398^*	0.343^*	0.436^*

项目	赋值方式
年龄（岁）	18~35岁=0；36~60岁=1；≥61岁=2
文化程度	小学及以下=0；初中=1；中专/高中及以上=2
家庭人均月收入（元）	≤1 000=0；1 001~3 000=1； 3 001~5 000=2；≥5 001=3
居住方式	与家人居住=0；独居=1
主要陪护者	配偶/父母/子女=0；其他=1
家庭关系	良好=0；一般=1
入住ICU天数（d）	<7=0；7~14=1；≥14=2
HADS-焦虑	原始得分（连续变量）
HADS-抑郁	原始得分（连续变量）