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    23 July 2020, Volume 14 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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    Special issue of digital medicine
    Application of Virtual Technology in the Treatment of Dento-Maxillofacial Deformity
    LIU Qingcheng,LI Hongliang,WANG Minjiao,WANG Xudong,SHEN Guofang,ZHANG Shilei,YU Hongbo
    2018, 14 (1):  1-4.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2018.01.001
    Abstract ( 484 )  
    Objective To explore the application of virtual technology in the treatment of dento-maxillofacial deformities. Methods The digital craniomaxillofacial dentition model was established through combining 3D CT model and laser-scanned dentition model. Based on this digital model, virtual surgery planning and simulation was performed. And the surgical splints and guides were 3D printed after confirming the surgical plan. Then, under the guidance of surgical splints and guides, orthognathic surgery was performed. Surgical accuracy was evaluated by matching the surgical planning and the post-operative reconstruction of craniomaxillofacial dentition model. Results Precise craniomaxillofacial dentition model was achieved through image fusion.Using this digital model,virtual surgery planning and simulation was performed. By means of try and error, the optimal individual plan was confirmed. The operation was accurately performed with the guidance of 3D-printed surgical splints and guides. Conclusion The application of virtual surgery planning and virtual splint is an ideal alternative in the treatment of dento-maxillofacial deformities,and is worthy of application.
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    Clinical Application of Digital Technology in Minimally Invasive Alveolar Surgery
    WANG Wenchao,LIU Zonglin,ZHANG Yaosheng,GUO Ke,ZHENG Jisi,ZHANG Shanyong
    2018, 14 (1):  5-16.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2018.01.002
    Abstract ( 519 )  
    Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of digital technology-3D printing guide in minimally invasive alveolar surgery.Methods From October 2017 to January 2018,6 patients with completely impacted tooth or cyst were selected.After CT scan,the Dicom format CT data was used for three-dimensional reconstruction by mimics17.0 software.Then the surgical plan was determined by utilizing software for surgery simulation,and the surgical guide was made at the same time.3D printing guide technology assisting piezosurgery was used to remove bone,and pull out the impacted tooth and cyst.Results All the 6 patients completed the operation successfully. All incisions were located on the surface of impacted teeth or cysts, which effectively reduced the damage of extra bony tissue.There was no adjacent tooth root and adjacent neurovascular injury.The patients felt good after surgery. Conclusion The digital technology - 3D printing guide can preoperatively design the location and orientation of the fenestration accurately,which provide precise positioning in patients'mouth.It also can assist piezosurgery to remove completely impacted teeth or cyst.In this way it can minimize the unnecessary damage to the surrounding bone tissue,in line with the current alveolar surgery concept of accuracy and minimal invasion,which has broad prospects.
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    Three-Dimensional Finite Element Modeling and Biomechanical Analysis of the Repair for Orbital Defect with Medpor Implant
    CHEN Jing,GUI Lai,NIU Feng,YU Bing,LIU Jianfeng,WANG Meng,CHEN Ying
    2018, 14 (1):  7-10.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2018.01.003
    Abstract ( 448 )  
    Objective To establish three-dimensional finite element model of the repair for orbital defect with Medpor implant, and to explore biomechanical characteristics including displacement and stress analysis of Medpor implant with the state of implantation in orbital floor, in order to provide the reference basis for surgeons. Methods The three dimensional model was established by Mimics software via reading the CT data of DICOM format of a patient with left orbital floor fracture. Followed the 3D model remeshing by Magics finite element software, material properties assignment with gray value conversion, the three-dimensional finite element model for the repair of orbital defect with Medpor implant was modeled. Then displacement and stress analysis of Medpor implant was done by finite element method under the load of different simulated gravity: no fixation, one and two screws fixation. Results The finite element was established in this study successfully.No fixation between Medpor implant and orbital wall allowed large displacement with no stress. Fixation by one screw or two screws has the same stress value. Conclusion Three-dimensional finite element model of the repair for orbital defect with Medpor implant was established firstly. According to finite element method, the screw implant can play a good role in the fixation of Medpor,and fixation by one screw or two screws has the same effect.
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    Biomechanical Analysis of Chinese Customized 3D-Printing Total Temporomandibular Joint Prostheses
    CHEN Xuzhuo,ZHOU Zhihang,WANG Yexin,ZHENG Jisi,ZHANG Shanyong,YANG Chi
    2018, 14 (1):  11-16.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2018.01.004
    Abstract ( 453 )  
    Objective To explore the stress and displacement distributions of the Chinese customized 3D-printing total temporomandibular joint prostheses,so as to optimize the design. Methods Three-dimensional (3D)model was established by Mimics 18.0.The Hypermesh and LS-DYNA softwares were used to establish the computer aided engineering(CAE)finite element model. The stress and displacement distributions of the jaw and the Chinese custom-made temporomandibular joint (TMJ)prosthesis were analyzed by loading maximal masticatory force on the model. Results The maximum contact force on the surface of UHMWPE was 495.7 N and the maximum bite force in the anterior teeth was 201.12 N. The largest displacement was in the condylar head, which was found to be 0.4152 mm. The maximum stress in the surface of UHMWPE was 20.66 MPa, slightly larger than the yield strength. The maximum stress in the mandibular component was located at the posterior surface of the condylar neck, reaching 122.1 MPa. Conclusion Despite the need for improvement in some details, the Chinese customized 3D-printing total TMJ prosthesis still exhibits good biomechanical properties with a promising future.
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    Research Progress and Clinical Application of Augmented Reality Technique
    ZHANG Chuxi
    2018, 14 (1):  17-23.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2018.01.005
    Abstract ( 427 )  
    Recently,augmented reality has continuously developed in the military,education, medical and entertainment field,and its basic principle is to combine the virtual model and actual environment,in order to enhance user's perception of the real world. Augmented reality shows unique superiority in every fields, especially in medical field, it provides new approach for the safety and accuracy of the procedures. The literature of augmented reality that published in domestic and abroad were reviewed and summarized.
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    Application and Prospect of Augmented/Mixed Reality in Head and Neck Surgery
    CHEN Gang
    2018, 14 (1):  21-23.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2018.01.006
    Abstract ( 435 )  
    In the field of clinical medicine and medicine education, the augmented reality and mixed reality are increasingly concerned by international digital medicine team. In this paper, the literatures with respect to the application of AR/MR in head and neck surgery were reviewed.
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    Effects of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Sevoflurane-Induced Apoptosis and Cell Viability of Primary Cultured Neuron
    CHENG Yanyong,WANG Jiayi,JIANG Yunfeng,SUN Yu
    2018, 14 (1):  24-27.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2018.01.007
    Abstract ( 383 )  
    Objective To explore the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)on apoptosis,cell viability and the level of TNFα of primary cultured neuron. Methods BMSCs and primary cultured neuron were cultured in non-contact co-culture system by Transwell plate.After the exposure to 4% sevoflurane for 6 hours,the morphological changes of primary cultured neuron were observed. Western Blot was used to analyze cell apoptosis; MTT and LDH were used to detect cell viability;ELISA was used to determine the level of TNFα.Results The cell morphological changes, cell apoptosis, cell viability decline and TNFα release of primary cultured neuron induced by sevoflurane were all decreased after BMSCs preprocessing(P<0.05).Conclusion BMSCs preprocessing can suppress the neurotoxic injury induced by sevoflurane.
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    Effects of BMSCs Transplantation on Schwann Cells after Peripheral Nerve Injury
    QIU Chao,Zheng Yani,XU Shuogui
    2018, 14 (1):  28-52.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2018.01.008
    Abstract ( 424 )  
    Objective To explore the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation on Schwann cells after peripheral nerve injury. Methods BMSCs were isolated from SD rats and cultured. Injury model of the sciatic nerve cross-sectional was established, and BMSCs were injected into the distal of injured sciatic nerve. HE staining and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the morphology and quantity of Schwann cells. Results According to HE staining and immunofluorescence staining, after BMSCs was implanted, the number of Schwann cells in sciatic nerve increased, the cell structure was more clear and complete, and the arrangement was more orderly. Conclusion BMSCs transplantation can protect Schwann cells after sciatic nerve injury.BMSCs may be a candidate in cell transplantation therapy for peripheral nerve injury.
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    Experimental Study of Establishing Hypertrophic Scar Model on SCID Mice
    QIAN Jin,DENG Chenliang,YANG Songlin,ZHENG Jianghong
    2018, 14 (1):  31-35.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2018.01.009
    Abstract ( 423 )  
    Objective To establish hypertrophic scar(HS)model on severe combined immunodeficiency(SCID)mice and investigate the feasibility. Methods Human split-thickness skin graft was transplanted onto the dorsum of SCID mice, the harvested xenograft was then assessed and given biopsy for histology by hematoxylin & eosin (HE) or Masson's trichrome staining 2 and 4 weeks after operation, and hydroxyproline quantification by colorimetry 4 weeks after operation. RT-PCR analysis was also performed to identify mRNA levels of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF)2 and 4 weeks after operation. Results The xenograft showed a characteristic of human HS including a red, firm, elevated appearance, and dermal thickness, changed adnexal structures, hypervascularization, thinner collagen fibrils and disorganization of them. The content of hydroxyproline in experimental group increased significantly compared to the control group 4 weeks after operation(P<0.05).Moreover,RT-PCR showed significantly elevated mRNA levels for both TGF-β1 and CTGF in experimental group 2 and 4 weeks after operation (P<0.01). Conclusion This animal model has intrinsic properties that closely resemble HS formation as seen in humans, which shares additional merits of simple operation and flexible controllability and therefore can be expected to play a critic role in the research of human HS.
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    Application of Superficial Temporal Artery Island Flap in the Reconstruction of Eyebrows
    HOU Junjie,ZHANG Jie,YANG Xin,LI Jianning,QIN Zelian
    2018, 14 (1):  36-38.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2018.01.010
    Abstract ( 400 )  
    Objective To explore the clinical application of superficial temporal artery island flap in the reconstruction of defective eyebrows. Methods From April 2010 to December 2014, 8 patients received superficial temporal artery island flap graft for partially or wholly eyebrow defect. All cases were reviewed and analyzed, including the condition of eyebrow defect, the surviving situation of grafted island flap, the incision scar, the appearance of reconstructed eyebrow and etc. Results Eyebrow defect were well-repaired, appearances of reconstructed eyebrows were satisfactory, and incision scars of donor site were not obvious. Conclusion Superficial temporal artery island flap graft is a favorable treatment for the reconstruction of partially or wholly eyebrow defect. Superficial temporal artery island flap will be more suitable for male patients with thick eyebrow.
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    Review
    Research Progress of Vascularization Within Engineered Tissues
    JIA Zhiming,GUO Hailin,CHEN Fang
    2018, 14 (1):  39-42.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2018.01.011
    Abstract ( 660 )  
    The reconstruction of tissue and organ by tissue engineering is one of the potential treatments for the tissue defect and organ failure. The current main problem of tissue engineering is how to build the blood supply timely after engineered tissue implantation to avoid shrinkage or failed tissue function. The recent literature about the vascularization of engineered tissues was extensively reviewed and divided up into four parts: the modification of scaffold, addition of cells, addition of angiogenic factors or gene therapy, in vitro or in vivo prevascularization, according to the difference of vascularization strategies. The advantages and limitations of various kinds of vascularization strategies were analyzed. Furthermore,the future development direction was put forward.
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    Molecular Genetics and Genetic Diagnosis of Split-Hand/Foot Malformation
    CHEN Zhengsheng,CHEN Li,SHI Wenyang,XU Yan,WANG Bin,HAN Gang
    2018, 14 (1):  43-47.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2018.01.012
    Abstract ( 592 )  
    Split-hand/foot malformation(SHFM)is a severe congenital malformation with hand/foot crack,syndactyly and hypoplasia of phalange and metacarpal. SHFM, characterized by defect or dysplasia of central rays and fusion of other rays, occurs as an isolated trait or a part of congenital anomaly syndrome. By far, 7 chromosomal loci associated with isolated SHFM have been confirmed, i.e., SHFM1-6 and SHFM/SHFLD. SHFM1, SHFM3, SHFM4 and SHFM5 are related with chromosomal rearrangement,including genomic small-scale deletion and duplication.SHFLD mainly relates to duplication of chromosome section. SHFM2 and SHFM6 have low frequency and the mechanism is not yet clear. In this paper, the gene mutations,frequency,test method,corresponding genetic counseling and their mechanism were all reviewed.
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    Research Progress of Animal Models for Cutaneous Wound Healing and Hypertrophic Scar
    ZHOU Sizheng
    2018, 14 (1):  48-52.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2018.01.013
    Abstract ( 1061 )  
    Cutaneous wound healing and hypertrophic scar are both the research hotspots in plastic surgery. There are a number of animal models for research. However, phylogenetic variation of skin structure between human and other animals hinders the development of optimal animal model. In this paper, the advancement of animal models for cutaneous wound healing and hypertrophic scar was reviewed.
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    Progress of Medical Imaging Techniques in the Diagnosis of Craniosynostosis
    LIN Liqin
    2018, 14 (1):  53-56.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2018.01.014
    Abstract ( 399 )  
    Craniosynostosis is a kind of common congenital craniofacial deformities,which manifests as the early close of one or more cranial sutures. Although children's clinical manifestations and histories may be suggestive of this disease, but, the final diagnosis usually depends on the imaging findings. The rapid development of imaging techniques are of great importance for the diagnosis and assessment of craniosynostosis. In this paper, the recent progress of imaging technologies in the diagnosis and therapy of craniosynostosis was reviewed.
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    Effect of Different Fixation Methods on Temporomandibular Joint after BSSRO Surgery
    MAO Yi,CHEN Xuzhuo,ZHANG Shanyong
    2018, 14 (1):  57-60.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2018.01.015
    Abstract ( 857 )  
    As one of the most commonly used surgical methods in orthognathic surgery, bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO)has been widely used in kinds of mandibular deformities because of its great flexibility in the reposition of displacement mandibular. The postoperative fixation of BSSRO has two distinct phases: non-rigid internal fixation and rigid internal fixation. In recent years, with the introduction and development of rigid fixation techniques, many new fixation methods occurs. And with the development of radiography and digital technology, there are further discussion about the influence of different fixations on temporomandibular joint.In this paper,the fixation methods after BSSRO and the influence on temporomandibular joint were reviewed briefly.
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