Hollow Metal-Organic Framework/MXene/Nanocellulose Composite Films for Giga/Terahertz Electromagnetic Shielding and Photothermal Conversion

doi:10.1007/s40820-024-01386-5

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Abstract

With the continuous advancement of communication technology, the escalating demand for electromagnetic shielding interference (EMI) materials with multifunctional and wideband EMI performance has become urgent. Controlling the electrical and magnetic components and designing the EMI material structure have attracted extensive interest, but remain a huge challenge. Herein, we reported the alternating electromagnetic structure composite films composed of hollow metal-organic frameworks/layered MXene/nanocellulose (HMN) by alternating vacuum-assisted filtration process. The HMN composite films exhibit excellent EMI shielding effectiveness performance in the GHz frequency (66.8 dB at Ka-band) and THz frequency (114.6 dB at 0.1-4.0 THz). Besides, the HMN composite films also exhibit a high reflection loss of 39.7 dB at 0.7 THz with an effective absorption bandwidth up to 2.1 THz. Moreover, HMN composite films show remarkable photothermal conversion performance, which can reach 104.6 °C under 2.0 Sun and 235.4 °C under 0.8 W cm⁻², respectively. The unique micro- and macro-structural design structures will absorb more incident electromagnetic waves via interfacial polarization/multiple scattering and produce more heat energy via the local surface plasmon resonance effect. These features make the HMN composite film a promising candidate for advanced EMI devices for future 6G communication and the protection of electronic equipment in cold environments.

Key words： Metal-organic frameworks MXene Nanocellulose Electromagnetic shielding Photothermal conversion

Received: 07 January 2024 Published: 08 April 2024

Corresponding Authors: Ming-Guo Ma

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	Tian Mai
	Lei Chen
	Pei-Lin Wang
	Qi Liu
	Ming-Guo Ma

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Tian Mai,Lei Chen,Pei-Lin Wang, et al. Hollow Metal-Organic Framework/MXene/Nanocellulose Composite Films for Giga/Terahertz Electromagnetic Shielding and Photothermal Conversion[J]. Nano-Micro Letters, 2024, 16(1): 169-.

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https://www.qk.sjtu.edu.cn/nml/EN/10.1007/s40820-024-01386-5 OR https://www.qk.sjtu.edu.cn/nml/EN/Y2024/V16/I1/169

Fig. 1 Schematic diagrams of synthesis of HMN composite films by AVAF strategy. The fabrication process of a Co-HCC, b d-Ti3C2Tx, and c HMN composite films

Fig. 2 Microstructure of the HMN composite films. a TEM image and b EDS line scanning image of Co-HCC, respectively. c TEM image and d size distribution of TOCNFs, respectively. e TEM image and f lattice fringe of d-Ti3C2Tx nanosheets, respectively. g, h SEM image, i schematic illustration, and j EDS mapping of HMN composite films

Fig. 3 The crystallographic structure and composition of the HMN composite films. a XRD patterns and b Raman patterns of ZIF-8@ZIF-67 before and after pyrolysis, respectively. c XRD patterns and d FTIR spectra of HMN composite films, TOCNFs, Co-HCC, and d-Ti3C2Tx, respectively. e TG and DTG analysis of HMN composite films. f The nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms of ZIF-8@ZIF-67 and Co-HCC. g XPS full spectra of d-Ti3C2Tx and Co-HCC. XPS fine spectra of h Ti 2p of d-Ti3C2Tx and i Co 2p of Co-HCC

Fig. 4 Electromagnetic properties and gigahertz electromagnetic shielding performances of HMN composite films. a-c Conductivity and magnetism of HMN-5L-57.1% composite films. d EMI SE of HMN composite films with different d-Ti3C2Tx contents. e, f EMI SE of HMN composite films with different numbers of layers. g Schematic diagram and EMI SE of HMN-5L-57.1% composite films when the electromagnetic waves are incident from different directions, respectively. h X, Ku, K, and Ka-band EMI SE of HMN-5L-57.1% composite films

Fig. 5 Terahertz electromagnetic shielding performances of HMN composite films. a, d THz time domain pulses for air, Al mirror, and HMN composite films in transmission model and reflection model. b, e Electric field intensity for air, Al plate, and HMN composite films in transmission model and reflection model. c, f EMI SE and reflection loss of HMN composite films in transmission model and reflection model. g, h Terahertz imaging thermogram of transmission mode and reflection mode

Fig. 6 EMI simulated visually and EMI shielding mechanism. a Schematic diagram of the EMI simulated visually and Tesla coil circuit diagram. b Tesla coil experiment of HMN composite films. c Electromagnetic shielding detector EMI performance and d experiment of HMN composite films. e Schematic diagram of the EMI shielding mechanism of HMN composite films. f Comparison of the EMI SE with other materials (sample numbers listed in Table S2 in Supporting Information)

Fig. 7 Photothermal conversion performances of HMN composite films. a UV-Vis-NIR absorbance spectrum of HMN composite films. b Surface temperature curves for the HMN composite films under different solar intensity. c Solar-heating performance of HMN composite films in 3 cycles with an applied solar intensity of 1.0 Sun. d Infrared thermographic photographs of HMN composite films under 2.0 Sun (upper) and NIR irradiation (lower) under 0.8 W cm−2 at different time intervals. e Surface temperature curves for the HMN composite films under different 808 NIR power densities. f Temperature evolution of HMN composite films at different 808 NIR laser power densities. g Schematic diagram of HMN composite films irradiated by simulant photothermal

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