China Alzheimer Report 2024

doi:10.16150/j.1671-2870.2024.03.001

Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice ›› 2024, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (03): 219-256.doi: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2024.03.001

• Special report • Previous Articles Next Articles

China Alzheimer Report 2024

WANG Gang¹(), QI Jinlei², LIU Xinya³, REN Rujing⁴, LIN Shaohui⁵, HU Yisong⁶, LI Haixia⁴, XIE Xinyi⁴, WANG Jintao⁴, LI Jianping⁴, ZHU Yikang⁵, GAO Mengyi⁵, YANG Junjie⁵, WANG Yiran⁵, JING Yurong³, GENG Jieli¹, ZHI Nan¹, CAO Wenwei¹, XU Qun¹, YU Xiaoping⁴, ZHU Yuan⁴, ZHOU Ying⁷, WANG Lin⁷, GAO Chao⁴, LI Binyin⁴, CHEN Shengdi⁴, YUAN Fang⁸, DOU Ronghua⁹, LIU Xiaoyun¹⁰, LI Xuena¹¹, YIN Yafu¹², CHANG Yan¹³, XU Gang¹⁴, XIN Jiawei¹⁵, ZHONG Yanting², LI Chunbo⁵(), WANG Ying³(), ZHOU Maigeng²(), CHEN Xiaochun¹⁵(), representing the China Alzheimer's Disease Report Writing Group

1. Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
2. Chronic Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control Center, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
3. School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
4. Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025, China
5. Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
6. National Survey Research Center at Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
7. Nursing College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
8. Qilu Hospital (Qingdao Branch), Shandong University, Qingdao Shandong 266071, China
9. Hebei Province Cangzhou Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, China
10. The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang Hebei 050023, China
11. The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
12. Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
13. Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
14. School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
15. Concord Hospital of the Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China

Received:2024-05-26 Accepted:2024-06-23 Online:2024-06-25 Published:2024-06-25
Contact: WANG Gang, LI Chunbo, WANG Ying, ZHOU Maigeng, CHEN Xiaochun E-mail:wanggang@renji.com;chunbo_li@163.com;wangying1013@fudan.edu.cn;maigengzhou@126.com;chenxc998@163.com

Abstract

Abstract:

With the sustained growth of economy and significant changes in social demographics, the issue of elderly-related diseases has increasingly drawn attention particularly. Alzheimer's disease (AD),as a representative disease of neurodegenerative diseases has become a major challenge, affecting the health and quality of life among the elderly population severely. In recent years, the incidence, prevalence, and mortality rate of AD increase in China, imposing substantial economic burdens on families, society, and the entire healthcare system. To proactively address this challenge and respond to the national 'Healthy China Action' initiative, leading experts from Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,and Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Chronic Non-communicable Disease Control Center, Fudan University School of Public Health, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Fujian Medical University, and other authoritative institutions, have jointly authored the 'China Alzheimer Disease Report 2024'. Building upon previous editions of 2021, 2022, and 2023, this report updates epidemiological data on AD in China, thoroughly analyzes the latest economic burdens of the disease, and comprehensively evaluates the current status of AD diagnosis and treatment services, as well as the allocation of public health resources in our country. The release of the 'China Alzheimer Disease Report 2024' not only reflects China's progress and efforts in AD research and prevention, but also underscores the social heightened concern for elderly health issues. It aims to provide scientific and technical guidance and robust data support for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of AD, offering a professional basis for the government and relevant departments to formulate targeted health policies and intervention measures. Furthermore, it serves as a platform for promoting academic exchanges and cooperation in this field domestically and internationally. Through the dissemination and application of this report, we anticipate it will not only serve as a reference for professionals but also enhance public awareness of AD, promote active participation across various sectors of society, and jointly advance the development of elderly health care in China, empowering us towards achieving 'healthy aging'.

Key words: Alzheimer's disease, Epidemiology, Diagnosis, treatment, Public health resources

CLC Number:

WANG Gang, QI Jinlei, LIU Xinya, REN Rujing, LIN Shaohui, HU Yisong, LI Haixia, XIE Xinyi, WANG Jintao, LI Jianping, ZHU Yikang, GAO Mengyi, YANG Junjie, WANG Yiran, JING Yurong, GENG Jieli, ZHI Nan, CAO Wenwei, XU Qun, YU Xiaoping, ZHU Yuan, ZHOU Ying, WANG Lin, GAO Chao, LI Binyin, CHEN Shengdi, YUAN Fang, DOU Ronghua, LIU Xiaoyun, LI Xuena, YIN Yafu, CHANG Yan, XU Gang, XIN Jiawei, ZHONG Yanting, LI Chunbo, WANG Ying, ZHOU Maigeng, CHEN Xiaochun, representing the China Alzheimer's Disease Report Writing Group . China Alzheimer Report 2024[J]. Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice, 2024, 23(03): 219-256.

Figures/Tables 24

地区	死亡率	标化死亡率	患病率	标化患病率	发病率	标化发病率	YLL率	标化 YLL率	YLD率	标化 YLD率	DALY率	标化 DALY率
安徽	38.0	30.0	1314.5	898.9	225.8	151.1	501.9	367.0	268.4	185.6	769.4	551.9
北京	35.1	29.5	1178.4	858.7	200.8	145.1	461.5	358.1	241.4	177.3	701.9	534.7
重庆	41.0	30.4	1445.5	905.0	250.6	153.4	552.1	372.7	292.6	185.4	843.6	557.3
福建	30.3	30.3	1062.0	933.7	179.3	155.2	398.4	370.3	216.5	191.8	614.3	561.5
甘肃	27.0	30.0	1092.2	911.9	192.2	154.4	394.2	370.7	220.5	188.2	613.9	558.2
广东	26.6	33.4	836.4	930.3	141.8	155.1	346.2	406.9	171.0	192.0	516.5	598.1
广西	33.9	29.5	1140.1	902.2	193.1	150.8	441.0	363.5	232.5	185.4	672.7	548.2
贵州	26.0	29.5	968.3	874.9	171.3	150.0	357.6	358.2	195.5	179.6	552.4	537.2
海南	31.6	29.5	1036.9	914.4	174.2	153.0	398.3	360.1	212.5	188.0	609.9	547.4
河北	37.7	38.1	1225.6	965.8	205.3	157.1	525.2	461.6	248.8	199.3	773.0	660.0
黑龙江	34.7	29.3	1307.9	874.4	229.6	149.4	488.0	358.3	265.9	180.6	752.7	538.1
河南	38.7	35.4	1244.8	975.6	207.3	158.0	517.0	432.6	254.9	202.0	770.8	633.7
香港	80.3	26.9	1997.1	819.1	326.4	137.5	886.3	332.9	422.0	169.9	1307.3	502.4
湖北	33.9	30.6	1249.8	900.6	217.1	152.4	470.9	374.3	254.1	186.0	724.0	559.4
湖南	36.7	29.8	1317.7	909.5	226.7	153.3	492.9	364.6	268.0	187.2	760.0	551.1
内蒙古	28.5	29.1	1123.9	885.4	196.8	150.5	406.2	355.8	228.1	183.0	633.5	538.2
江苏	43.4	30.9	1453.8	900.4	245.8	149.9	565.8	374.3	296.0	185.0	860.7	558.6
江西	25.4	26.2	901.0	769.1	162.5	137.0	348.6	321.9	183.5	158.8	531.5	480.2
吉林	38.0	34.9	1380.5	964.5	236.5	158.4	544.9	426.3	279.8	199.2	823.6	624.6
辽宁	39.6	29.4	1460.3	879.2	250.8	148.1	543.8	357.4	297.5	181.6	840.1	538.3
澳门	39.8	29.5	1218.1	944.7	197.0	154.7	484.4	364.5	253.1	195.4	736.7	559.3
宁夏	20.4	30.1	807.3	879.8	142.4	149.3	298.0	368.9	162.9	181.4	460.3	549.7
青海	19.4	30.6	785.9	923.9	140.6	157.9	285.0	378.1	158.7	191.1	443.1	568.5
陕西	29.8	29.9	1150.3	899.4	200.4	152.0	422.7	366.3	235.0	187.1	657.0	552.7
山东	38.1	30.0	1265.4	856.7	219.1	146.7	508.9	367.5	258.5	177.0	766.4	543.8
上海	43.8	28.3	1528.5	929.0	252.3	153.6	544.6	340.9	314.3	191.4	857.9	531.7
山西	27.1	27.5	997.3	796.2	176.8	138.9	377.4	334.1	202.4	164.4	578.9	497.8
四川	41.4	29.7	1477.6	913.0	255.1	154.3	554.3	365.5	299.9	187.5	853.3	552.3
天津	34.3	29.5	1253.4	888.7	214.7	149.7	466.0	359.3	255.2	183.2	720.3	541.8
西藏	10.3	23.8	503.4	910.2	90.8	155.7	157.9	304.7	101.5	188.1	259.1	492.1
新疆	17.3	28.4	663.4	853.0	118.8	147.0	248.3	352.5	133.5	175.4	381.1	526.9
云南	26.8	30.8	1010.0	943.3	175.6	158.8	370.9	378.2	204.0	193.5	574.1	570.9
浙江	38.6	33.3	1186.6	882.4	202.1	149.2	510.8	407.2	240.9	180.6	750.9	587.1

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性别	死亡人数（例）	死亡率 (/10万)	标化死亡率 (/10万)
男	163 535（38 523~465 891）	22.5（5.3~64.0）	25.9（6.2~72.1）
女	329 239（82 440~876 441）	47.4（11.9~126.2）	33.9（8.5~89.6）
合计	492 774（125 051~1 371 493）	34.6（8.8~96.4）	30.9（7.8~84.3）

性别	发病人数（例）	发病率(/10万)	标化发病率(/10万)
男性	1 077 297（908 448~1 248 194）	148.0（124.8~171.4）	126.5（107.8~145.6）
女性	1 836 815（1 593 651~2 101 343）	264.4（229.4~302.5）	171.8（150.1~195.9）
合计	2 914 112（2 504 728~3 350 743）	204.8（176.0~235.5）	151.5（131.2~173.2）

性别	患病人数（例）	患病率(/10万)	标化患病率(/10万)
男性	6 162 198（5 142 286~7 141 800）	846.3（706.3~980.9）	731.2（618.5~851.6）
女性	10 828 629（9 315 735~12 515 957）	1 558.9（1 341.1~1 801.8）	1 025.1（879.0~1 186.8）
合计	16 990 827（14 488 494~19 672 741）	1 194.2（1 018.3~1 382.7）	900.8（770.9~1 043.2）

性别	YLL数（人年）	YLL率(/10万)	标化YLL率(/10万)
男性	2 389 383（554 620~6 860 229）	328.2（76.2~942.2）	320.3（77.5~905.3）
女性	4 234 034（1 073 994~11 415 921）	609.5（154.6~1 643.4）	415.9（105.5~1 113.5）
合计	6 623 417（1 651 040~18 668 886）	465.5（116.0~1 312.2）	377.5（96.7~1 056.5）

性别	YLD数（人年）	YLD率(/10万)	标化YLD率(/10万)
男性	1 184 781（817 838~1 591 786）	162.7（112.3~218.6）	143.7（99.6~192.1）
女性	2 275 535（1 555 813~3 049 752）	327.6（224.0~439.0）	216.4（148.0~288.9）
合计	3 460 316（2 394 430~4 631 824）	243.2（168.3~325.6）	185.6（128.0~246.8）

China Alzheimer Report 2024

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性别	DALY数（人年）	DALY率(/10万)	标化DALY率(/10万)
男性	3 574 164（1 700 783~7 990 410）	490.2（233.6~1 097.4）	463.4（214.4~1 045.4）
女性	6 509 569（3 163 773~13 547 879）	936.0（455.5~1 950.3）	631.6（305.0~1 308.1）
合计	10 083 733（10 071 548~22 194 978）	707.9（347.7~1 560.0）	562.4（270.4~1 227.8）

用途	CSF生物标志物	血浆生物标志物	影像学生物标志物
诊断	P-tau181/Aβ42, T-tau/Aβ42, Aβ42/Aβ40	P-tau 217，P-tau217/np-tau 217	淀粉样蛋白-PET
治疗效果评价	P-tau181/Aβ42, T-tau/Aβ42, Aβ42/Aβ40，pT205, MTBR-243, 非磷酸化Tau片段，NfL，GFAP	P-tau 217，P-tau217/np-tau 217，pT205，Nfl，GFAP	Aβ-PET， Tau-PET，MRI解剖，FDP-PET
并经病理学鉴定	Nfl，αSyn-SAA		解剖MRI，FDP-PET，脑梗死，白质高信号，血管周围间隙扩大

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