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New Breakthrough in USV Warfare Mode in the Russo-Ukrainian Conflict HU Zhihuan, XIE Wei, LIU Ruonan, ZHANG Weidong Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    2024, 11 (1): 18-22.   DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2024.01.03 Abstract （518）      PDF（pc） （698KB）（968）       Knowledge map    Save In recent years， with the rapid development of technology， the application of USV technology in the military field has gradually become one of the focuses of international military competition. In the Russo Ukrainian War， the USV maritime combat mode has shown new breakthroughs， providing new ideas and possibilities for future maritime operations. This article explores the application value， technical characteristics， and future development trends of unmanned vessels in maritime operations during the Russo Ukrainian War through practical case analysis. The aim is to provide reference and inspiration for research and practice in related fields. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Techno-economic Evaluation of Hydrogen Production through Offshore Wind Farms LIU Chao, LI Ouping, CHENG Guangyuan, SHEN Qi, YU Xichong Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    2024, 11 (1): 116-121.   DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2024.01.18 Abstract （358）      PDF（pc） （823KB）（94）       Knowledge map    Save Offshore wind resources in deep-water is more abundant and will be one of the main development trends in the next few years. However， offshore wind development faces many challenges such as the power transmission and consumption. It needs new development models and technological innovations to be promoted. Hydrogen production through offshore wind would improve the power system flexibility and safety， and could be used as renewable energy storage to achieve large-scale and long-term storage. Based on the market price and literature， the tech-economic comparison and evaluation are carried of onshore off-grid hydrogen production and offshore hydrogen production with pipeline from the levelized cost of hydrogen and internal rate of return. Based on the whole life cost， the levelized cost of hydrogen production through offshore with pipeline is lower and the CAPEX and OPEX of water electrolysis system have a significant impact on the LCOH. In terms of economy， offshore wind will obtain higher returns than offshore hydrogen production if all electricity could be imported to the power system. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Review on Fuel Selection of LNG and Marine Methanol ZHOU Cheng, ZHOU Yi, LI Meng, SUN Bing, GU Yuxuan Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    2024, 11 (2): 12-14.   DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2024.02.03 Abstract （343）      PDF（pc） （973KB）（360）       Knowledge map    Save In view of the high price of LNG and high production and transportation costs， in order to save labor costs and improve economic benefits， Marine methanol fuel is considered to replace LNG fuel. The advantages and limitations of the two fuels are described by comparing their carbon dioxide emissions， costs， management and storage， infrastructure construction， and future development difficulty. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Development of Mooring Connectors and its Application in Floating Offshore Wind Turbine DONG Xin, XU Qun, SHAO Yunliang Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    2024, 11 (1): 130-138.   DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2024.01.20 Abstract （295）      PDF（pc） （4193KB）（687）       Knowledge map    Save As a key part of position mooring system， connectors have been widely used for the joining of mooring lines with floating structures or different mooring components. Recently， with the development of floating offshore wind， multiple demonstration projects have been reported worldwide and large scale projects are under planning. The cost must be controlled for the floating wind to realize commercialization by technological innovation， including the mooring system. The mooring connectors have been utilized and verified in the offshore industry for the last several decades and played an important role in connection， installation， maintenance and replacement of mooring system. With the development and flexible application of the mooring connectors， the design， fabrication and installation of floating wind turbine could be significantly improved and the cost of floating wind will be effectively reduced.  Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Adaptability Analysis of Offshore New Energy Storage Technology Under Dual-carbon Background SHEN Qi, LI Ouping, LIU Chao, CHENG Guangyuan, YU Xichong Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    2024, 11 (1): 106-115.   DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2024.01.17 Abstract （275）      PDF（pc） （1237KB）（461）       Knowledge map    Save This paper sorts out relevant engineering cases at home and abroad， analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of physical energy storage and electrochemical energy storage in offshore applications based on three scenarios: the mandatory requirement of energy storage systems policy for large-scale offshore wind farms， energy storage for improving the penetration of offshore wind power into the grid for integrated development of offshore oil and gas and new energy， and energy storage for off-grid production of green hydrogen， green ammonia， and green methanol. Considering the technology maturity， safety， reliability， compactness， lightweight， economy， and other factors， the most suitable energy storage applied offshorely is still the LFP battery. In the future， considering the superiority of lithium titanate oxide （LTO） batteries in terms of safety， after the cost is reduced， the choice of LTO battery could be considered. But due to the low density of LTO battery， the volume and quality of the equipment are larger than that of LFP battery， and the layout of the offshore platform needs to be further considered. In addition， because there is no single energy storage system that can simultaneously have the characteristics of high power， large energy storage density， reliable safety， and long life cycle， the use of “flywheel+” and “supercapacitor+”hybrid energy storage system is considered， to maximize the shortcomings of a single energy storage method to make up for， to obtain a better performance of the energy storage system. In order to ensure the safety and reliability of new energy storage engineering applications at sea， it is suggested that further research and engineering application of technologies such as the intrinsic safety， safety monitoring and early warning of energy storage under the anti-sloshing conditions of floating facilities at sea should be carried out. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Application Research of Intelligent Technology in Improving Production Stability and Efficiency on Offshore Oil Platforms WU Binfeng Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    2024, 11 (2): 29-33.   DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2024.02.07 Abstract （271）      PDF（pc） （3661KB）（290）       Knowledge map    Save With the continuous development of technology， intelligent technology plays an increasingly crucial role in the operation of offshore oil platforms. This paper begins by introducing the concept and background of intelligent technology in offshore oil platform. Subsequently， it delves into the detailed exploration of the application of intelligent technology in enhancing production stability and efficiency， including predictive maintenance， production process optimization， intelligent monitoring， and datadriven decision support. Finally， the paper summarizes the positive impact of intelligent technology on the production of offshore oil platform. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Steel Lazy-wave Riser Installation Method Analysis TIAN Zhen, LEI Zhenming, CHEN Ye, HE Jianwen, LIU Song, ZHONG Yang Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    2024, 11 (1): 122-129.   DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2024.01.19 Abstract （252）      PDF（pc） （16905KB）（32）       Knowledge map    Save Standard steel catenary riser form is vulnerable to yielding and fatigue damages at the touch down point （TDP） location in the ultra-deepwater environment. Steel lazy-wave riser （SLWR） introduces a buoyancy section into the standard riser form， which can reduce the stress near the hang-off region， and at the same time isolate the dynamic response of the floating platform from TDP region， so as to improve the fatigue life of riser. SLWR installations are analyzed and compared among S-LAY， J-LAY and R-LAY methods， based on a potential ultra-deepwater project in Gabon. The results show that for the riser without buoyancy section， all three laying methods have sufficient layability， and S-LAY is not feasible for laying the 12" SLWR buoyancy section limited by the capacity of HYSY201; J-LAY and R-LAY are found to be more appropriate for both normal laying and buoyancy section laying of 12" SLWR in 2100m water depth. In general， empty pipe condition is better than the flooded condition in terms of layability regardless of laying methods. The feasibility of SLWR laying by S-LAY method can be improved by reducing water depth， pipe size and optimizing buoyancy module design. For J-LAY and R-LAY installation methods， if pipe catenary with buoyancy module section in empty pipe condition has no interference with lay tower and vessel， SLWR can be laid in empty pipe condition. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Overview of the Development of Flexible Ocean CTD Sensors LI Jihao1, LIN Guanying2, WANG Nuansheng3, LI Yang3, LI Junyang1 Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    2024, 11 (3): 69-77.   DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2024.03.11 Abstract （243）      PDF（pc） （5779KB）（465）       Knowledge map    Save Marine hydrological information plays a significant role in development and exploration of marine resources. Temperature, salinity and depth are fundamental elements of marine hydrology. Monitoring of marine temperature, salinity and depth data plays an important role in the development and utilization of marine resources. The conductivity temperature depth profiler (CTD) is the main instrument for observing seawater temperature and salinity profiles. By using CTD sensors, parameters such as temperature and conductivity of seawater at different depths can be measured. In recent years, flexible electronic sensors have demonstrated great potential for application due to their excellent stretchability and easy attachment, which not only achieve the sensing performance of traditional rigid sensors to a certain extent, but also compensate for the shortcomings of traditional sensors such as large volume and weight. This review introduces the research progress of flexible ocean CTD sensors in recent years, mainly including the working mechanism and classification, common materials, manufacturing processes of flexible sensors, and analyzes the structure, performance, and application platform of existing flexible ocean CTD sensors. Finally, the development of flexible ocean CTD sensors is prospected. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Analysis of the Characteristics of Offshore Wind Power Operation and Maintenance Technologies and Strategies YU Xichong1, LIU Chao1, LIU Xiaoyan1, LI Zhichuan2, WU Yufei1 LI Ouping1 Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    2024, 11 (3): 18-21.   DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2024.03.03 Abstract （207）      PDF（pc） （1382KB）（61）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the characteristics of offshore wind power operation and maintenance in China, this paper analyzes the current situation and development trend of offshore wind power operation and maintenance technology and equipment in China. Taking an offshore wind farm in the South China Sea as a research scenario, this paper proposes a vibration monitoring scheme for offshore wind turbine system, an offshore wind turbine boarding scheme, an offshore wind turbine maintenance and operation and maintenance scheme, and an offshore wind farm inspection scheme, which puts forward guiding significance for the operation and maintenance of offshore wind farms in China. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Current Status and Key of Undersea Junction Technology at Home and Abroad CHEN Yunlong, DENG Dudu, LIU Zhijian, RUAN Hailong, LIANG Tao, LIU Guangzhi, GUO Longchuan Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    2024, 11 (1): 90-98.   DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2024.01.15 Abstract （206）      PDF（pc） （45240KB）（62）       Knowledge map    Save Undersea junction technology is one of the core technologies for building a cabled ocean observatory system， which connects multiple devices underwater to manage the power and information. The undersea junction technology started earlier in United States， Japan， Canada and other country， which gradually developed negative high-voltage single-stage DC power transmission， high-power power conversion， underwater wet plug， large-scale optical fiber communication networking and other technologies. Using modular design and multi-level junction box interconnection， large subsea observatory has been built in many sea areas. In the past decade， with the domestic development of offshore ocean observation system， junction box design and high voltage power transmission， remote communication and control technology has developed rapidly， the scientific nodes undersea junction boxes have been successfully applied in a number of sea areas， but has not yet formed a large observatory. Some of the deepwater key components such as underwater wet plug connectors， cables are mainly dependent on imports. While introducing and absorbing foreign advanced technology， the development of high-performance controllers， high-power conversion modules， underwater connectors and photoelectric complex cables will be a very important direction of the future junction boxes. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Application of Stability Control Device in Offshore Oil Platform Power Grid WANG Jing, WANG Wei, WANG Aiwu Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    2024, 11 (1): 65-69.   DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2024.01.11 Abstract （199）      PDF（pc） （1253KB）（40）       Knowledge map    Save The stability control device adopts advanced platform based design concepts and provides standard model services for applications through hardware and software modular design. The stability control device is a control device installed in power plants or substations to ensure the stability of the power system when encountering large disturbances in the land power grid. It achieves functions such as machine cutting， load cutting， and rapid output reduction according to standardized strategies. This article studies the standard services of domestic power grid stability control devices， develops stability control strategies suitable for offshore platform power station management， completes the intelligent strategy and functional research and development of stability control devices， configures stability control master and slave machines according to on-site strategy requirements， and develops control and disposal strategies and intelligent requirements suitable for on-site working conditions. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Design Optimization of Waste Heat Recovery Unit for “Hai Yang Shi You 123” FPSO CHEN Qiming, HE Gaolin Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    2024, 11 (2): 24-28.   DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2024.02.06 Abstract （197）      PDF（pc） （3344KB）（194）       Knowledge map    Save In order to make full use of the high temperature exhaust gas of the main generator and realize energy saving and emission reduction， the waste heat recovery unit has been designed in the basic design stage in “Hai Yang Shi You 123”FPSO(Floating Production Storage and Offloading)， but the waste heat and the heating medium circulation system of the boiler are completely independent， and can not be mutually standby， and the four heating medium circulation pumps of the waste heat are not connected to the emergency bus， which will lead to the black start of the FPSO. It is easy to cause local high temperature coking and carbonization of heating medium in the furnace tube of waste heat recovery unit， which affects the operation of the system. In order to solve the problem effectively， the scheme of adding the circulating pump of waste heat system into the emergency bus bar is proposed creatively， which can effectively avoid the occurrence of heating medium coking in the waste heat system during black start. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Investigation on the Influence of Anchor Chain Length and Weight on the Motion Response of Floating Wind Turbine Platforms SUN Xiang, TIAN Zhenya, ZHU Ronghua Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    2024, 11 (1): 59-64.   DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2024.01.10 Abstract （177）      PDF（pc） （3492KB）（215）       Knowledge map    Save Based on an actual engineering project involving a floating scale prototype， this article employs a timedomain analysis method to numerically simulate the transient response of a semi-submersible floating wind turbine platform. It extensively investigates the influence of varying anchor chain length and counterweight mass on the pre-tension of the mooring system and the motion response of the floating platform. The results indicate that the amplitude of pitch， heave， and surge responses of the floating platform initially increases and then decreases with an increase in mooring length. Increasing the mass of the counterweight leads to an initial increase and subsequent decrease in pitch and heave responses， while the surge response initially decreases and then increases. When simultaneously changing both the mooring length and counterweight mass， the counterweight mass does not affect the variation pattern of platform motion response caused by mooring length. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research on the Scheme of 3700 Square LPG Carrier YANG Xueli, XIA Huabo, WEI Xiaoqiang, ZHU Yongkai, QI Xiaoliang Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2024.02.02 Accepted: 14 October 2024

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Research on Optimization Strategy of Attack Angle for Wind-assisted Ship Propulsion with Minimum Route Deviation LIN Haoan, CHEN Li Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    2024, 11 (1): 1-9.   DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2024.01.01 Abstract （173）      PDF（pc） （5657KB）（127）       Knowledge map    Save The decision on wind sail angle is crucial for effectively harnessing wind energy in windassisted ships. During ship navigation， the wind sail generates both thrust and lateral thrust， causing ship yawing and reduced energy efficiency. To address this problem， this paper introduced a lateral thrust weight factor and established a bilinear angle decision function composed of the thrust coefficient and the lateral thrust coefficient. The function aimed to minimize the deviation angle of the optimal course and utilized the particle swarm optimization algorithm to solve for the optimal weight factor applicable to the specific route. This approach enables achieving optimal sail angles under different relative wind directions， allowing for windassisted ship navigation without relying on steering and avoiding course deviation. Compared to the traditional angle strategy based on the maximum thrust method， the proposed approach results in slight improvement in heading longitudinal displacement within the same navigation time， substantial reduction in sideways displacement and course deviation angle， and smoother angle variations during fluctuations in relative wind direction. These findings are beneficial for wind sail manipulation. This research provides insights to enhance the energy efficiency of wind-assisted ships. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research on Rack Phase Difference of Truss-type Jack-up Unit CHEN Wei, YAN Ming Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    2024, 11 (2): 80-86.   DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2024.02.18 Abstract （173）      PDF（pc） （2419KB）（61）       Knowledge map    Save Rack phase difference may be produced in the process of positioning of truss-type Jack-up unit， which will cause a significant additional bending moment at the contact position between the legs and the main hull of the unit， resulting in buckling failure of the leg support pipe at the low guiding position of the hull. In the paper, a jack-up unit is taken as the research object， ANSYS software and birth-death element technology is used to forecast RPD value of jack-up unit in the process of lifting hull by 3-D time-domain numerical simulation analysis， which is divided into four main stages according to changes of RPD value. On this basis， the RPD variation characteristics under three wind speed conditions are analyzed， which is helpful to determine the impact of wind speed on RPD in the process of lifting hull. Finally， a set of RPD control method is proposed based on the law of the change of RPD and the stress of the leg in order to monitor RPD of platform leg. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Marine Operation Safety Analysis and Intelligent System Construction YIN Xiaohui, ZHANG Zongchao, QI Gaosheng, DUAN Guoxi, BI Yanbin Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    2024, 11 (2): 20-23.   DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2024.02.05 Abstract （169）      PDF（pc） （2004KB）（142）       Knowledge map    Save The development and production of offshore oil have long been accompanied by high operational risks， and the quality of operational safety risk analysis has a direct impact on preventing production safety accidents. The purpose of this article is to introduce the construction practice of China National Offshore Oil Corporation's intelligent system for safety analysis of offshore oil fields， clarify the key points of digital and intelligent construction of oil field safety risk analysis from four aspects： business informatization， resource digitization， data standardization， and business intelligence， analyze the advantages of using intelligent management and analysis systems to improve the safety level of offshore operations， and provide reference for offshore oil field enterprises to explore the path of scientific and technological development. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Application of the Concept of “Three Original and Three Present” under the “Broken Window Effect” YIN Xiaohui Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2024.02.01 Accepted: 14 October 2024

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The Key Technology Research and Application of Subsea Manifold and Foundation LIU Hao, ZHANG Ning, YUAN Qingdong, MAO Jiayou Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    2024, 11 (1): 42-48.   DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2024.01.07 Abstract （161）      PDF（pc） （21580KB）（70）       Knowledge map    Save Subsea manifold is the core facility for subsea oil and gas fields development， is capable of gothering， tegulating， and ensurity underwater oil and gas production. It can be designed with different struture and function according the specific requirement of the oil and gas field. Base on the subsea manifold engineering experience in the South China Sea deepwater oil field， performing foundation type， key technology， manifold function module type and new technology application are analysised and researched. This study offers reference and experience for domestic subsea manifold technology and key equipment development. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Fault Diagnosis of Electric Slip Ring of EPSO Single Point Mooring Base on CART Decision Tree ZHANG Baolei1, WU Yuke2, TANG Yufeng2 Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    2024, 11 (2): 95-100.   DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2024.02.21 Abstract （161）      PDF（pc） （2704KB）（41）       Knowledge map    Save In order to ensure the safety of electric slip ring system， it is necessary to carry out the research on the fault diagnosis method of electric slip ring. This method could provide the basis for the fault warning and troubleshooting of single point mooring electric slip ring. In this paper， a fault diagnosis model based on CART decision tree algorithm is adopted to diagnose the single point electric slip ring fault of FPSO. The sample data set is made by finite element method， and the fault diagnosis model of electric slip ring is obtained by training the data set. Finally， the diagnosis model is simplified by the post pruning method， and the fault diagnosis of the electric slip ring is realized. The analysis results show that the model has high accuracy and fast diagnostic speed， and can effectively diagnose the electric slip ring， so that the staff can take measures to repair or replace the electric slip ring in time to ensure the safety and normal operation of the FPSO. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）