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20 June 2019, Volume 15 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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A Study on Preparation and Property of Calcium Alginate Drug -Loaded Microspheres by High Voltage Electrostatic Field Technology WANG Zongxin,ZHANG Yongjun,CHEN Weiming,XU Yong,ZHOU Guangdong 2019, 15 (3):  125-130.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.001 Abstract ( 412 )   Objective To explore the optimal combination parameters of calcium alginate microspheres by using high voltage electrostatic field technology,and to make microspheres with smaller and more uniform diameters for further study of the sustained release behavior of microspheres after drug loading.Methods Different voltage,CaCl2 concentration,and sodium alginate concentration were set.The centrifuge speed and needle diameter were observed.The diameter and surface morphology of the microspheres were observed.The optimal combination parameters were selected with smaller and more uniform diameters.Low,medium and high loads,three concentrations of bovine serum albumin,were named group L,group M and group H respectively.The encapsulation efficiency and drug loading rate of the three groups were compared.The cumulative slow-release curve was drawn and the sustained-release behavior in vitro was observed.Results Voltage of 16 KV,1 M CaCl2 concentration,0.5%sodium alginate concentration,200 r/min and 30 G needle were the best combination parameters.The encapsulation rates of group L,M and H were(91±1.46)%,(85±1.63)%,(79±3.29)%respectively.And the drug loading rates were(0.89±0.04)%,(2.56±0.57)%,(4.10±1.21)%respectively.All the three groups of drugs could be sustained for more than 28 days,the sustained release time was longer,and the release behavior was stable and regular.Conclusion The calcium alginate microspheres produced by using the optimal combination parameters are excellent drug delivery vehicles. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Glycated bFGF on Angiogenesis of HUVEC in Vitro XIAO Xian,HUANG Yao,NI Pengwen,XIE Ting 2019, 15 (3):  131-136.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.002 Abstract ( 398 )   Objective To observe the effect of glycated bFGF on angiogenesis of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells(HUVEC)in vitro.Methods The model of glycated bFGF in vitro was made.Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS)was used to identify the model and High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC)was used to make analysis of the model.After treating HUVEC with bFGF and glycated bFGF,CCK-8 assay was used to detect the proliferation of HUVEC.Matrigel assay was used to detect the angiogenesis of HUVEC.Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of HUVEC.Results MALDI-TOF-MS showed that the relative molecular mass of bFGF was 16 700 Da,while glycated bFGF were 16 992 Da.By use of HPLC,glycated bFGF showed different chromatographic peaks at 6-7 minutes compared with H2O and bFGF as control.The value of the chromatographic peak was positively correlated with the concentration of the sample.Compared with the normal culture group,the proliferation of HUVEC increased on the 1st,3rd and 7th days in bFGF treating group.Compared with the normal culture group,the proliferation of HUVEC increased on the 1st day and presented no significant difference on other time points after glycated bFGF treating.bFGF promoted HUVEC tube formation while glycated bFGF inhibited it.The apoptosis increased in glycated bFGF treating group compared with bFGF treating group on the 7th day,and there was no difference on other time points.Conclusion The glycated bFGF model can be successfully prepared in vitro.The cell behavior of HUVEC with tubule formation is inhibited after treating with glycated bFGF. Related Articles | Metrics

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In Vitro Chondrogenesis and in Vivo Fate of Human Auricular Chondrocytes after Cryopreservation YU Yao,YIN Zongqi,LI Dan,ZHOU Guangdong,CAO Yilin,LIU Yu 2019, 15 (3):  137-141.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.003 Abstract ( 415 )   Objective To investigate the effect of cryopreservation on cell viability,proliferation,and in vitro/in vivo cartilage formation abilities of human auricular chondrocytes using a scaffold-free cartilage sheet model.Methods Human auricular cartilage was obtained from patients with microtia.Chondrocytes were isolated through collagenase digestion.The chondrocytes were cultured and expanded into passage 1(P1)before being divided into the experiment and the control groups.In the experiment group(Exp),the chondrocytes were collected,suspended with FBS and DMSO,then froze according to the cell cryopreservation steps and thawed after storage for 1 month in liquid nitrogen before being used to generate the cartilage sheet.In the control group(Ctrl),the cells were not cryopreserved and continued to be expanded until passage 3(P3)before being used for cartilage sheet generation.Cell morphology,viability,proliferation and cartilage specific extracellular matrix(ECM)production were examined by light microscopy,CCK-8 assay,live/dead,HE and Alcan blue staining.The in vitro scaffold-free cartilage sheets in each group were examined through wet weight,volume and biochemical contents to determine the in vitro cartilage formation abilities.Then the scaffold-free cartilage sheets were diced into neocartilage fragments(injectable cartilage)for nude mouse injection(n=5).After 8 weeks of injection,the explants were examined again by gross view,HE staining and biochemical contents to determine the in vivo cartilage formation abilities of the chondrocytes in each group.Results No significant differences were observed in morphology,viability,proliferation and cartilage specific GAG production abilities of the chondrocytes between the two groups.Compared with the Ctrl group,the wet weight and collagen content were slightly higher in the Exp group.However,there was no significant difference in the in vivo cartilage-forming ability between the two groups.Conclusion Cryopreserving and thawing process have no significant effect on the viabili Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental Study on Improving Survival Rate of Prefabricated Skin Flap with Hypoxic Preconditioning Agent LI Fen,CHENG Chen,LI Hua,ZAN Tao 2019, 15 (3):  142-151.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.004 Abstract ( 379 )   Objective To explore a practical method using hypoxic preconditioning agent to increase neovascularization of the prefabricated flap,so as to increase its survival rate and application safety.Methods An abdominal prefabricated flap model was created in rats via a 2-stage operation.The rats were allocated into 4 groups according to different treatment.Group 1:control group;Group 2 and 3 received desferrioxamine(DFO)treatments after the first stage operation by intraperitoneal and subcutaneous injection respectively.Group 4 received a delay procedure 1 week before the second stage operation.Flap survival rates and capillary densities were evaluated in the 4 groups.The influence of DFO and Dimethyloxallyl Glycine(DMOG)on the dermal fibroblasts was also studied in vitro.Results DFO treatment as well as surgical delay greatly increased flap survival rate and capillary density compared to the blank control.In vitro,DFO and DMOG treatment up-regulated the expression levels of several angiogenic factors in the dermal fibroblasts.Conclusion The application of DFO after the first stage operation of flap prefabrication can greatly promote the neovascularization of prefabricated flaps. Related Articles | Metrics

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Weighted Genes Co-Expression Network Analysis of M2 Macrophages Regulating Hypertrophic Scar F ormation WANG Zi,SUN Tingye,TAO Xiaoting,WANG Xin,ZHUANG Meiting,LI Haizhou,LI Qingfeng 2019, 15 (3):  146-151.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.005 Abstract ( 502 )   Objective To explore the specific mechanism of M2 macrophages and Th2 cytokines in the process of hypertrophic scar formation.Methods The weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA)was used to analysis the genome-wide expression data of mouse hypertrophic scar GSE26390,and the co-expression gene module and core regulatory genes highly correlated with M2 macrophage,Th2 cytokine and fibrosis were obtained.Results The following 8 genes were identified as core regulatory genes of M2 macrophages and Th2 type cytokines involved in the formation of hypertrophic scar:CLEC4A,CYBA,LOXL2,Hcvn1,NCKAP1L,PRRX2,LGALS9,CMTM3.Conclusion The above eight genes are involved in the regulation of immune response,extracellular matrix formation,tissue repair and other processes related to macrophage and T cells,and are potential new targets for prevention and treatment of hypertrophic scars. Related Articles | Metrics

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GNAS New Missense Mutation Leads to D/E Type Brachydactyly GUO Ruiji,HAN Gang,FANG Xia,SUN Bin,CUI Henqing,ZHOU Shengbo,SUN Wenhai,WANG Bin 2019, 15 (3):  152-175.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.006 Abstract ( 648 )   Objective To identify pathogenic mutation in a Chinese pedigree affected by brachydactyly.Methods The mutation was identified by whole exome sequencing(WES)and confirmed by Sanger sequencing.Results There were 3 brachydactyly patients in this pedigree,which was autosomal dominant inheritance.WES revealed a heterozygous missense mutation within GNAS gene(NM_001077488:exon13:c.A1145T:p.D382V).This mutation was verified by Sanger sequencing.Conclusion The heterozygous missense GNAS mutation(c.A1145T)causes the brachydactyly in this pedigree. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Modified Skin-Stretching Technique in the Treatment of Skin Defect in Lower Limbs MIN Peiru,SU Weijie,XU Heng,SONG Wenchao,ZHANG Yixin 2019, 15 (3):  155-158.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.007 Abstract ( 409 )   Objective To explore the effect of modified skin-stretching technique in the treatment of skin defects in lower limbs.Methods From January 2014 to June 2017,15 patients utilized one or two skin-stretching device for the closure of the skin defect ranged from 5 cm×4 cm to 22 cm×11 cm in thigh(n=5)and lower legs(n=10).Results All patients achieved primary or delayed primary closure.The patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months,the defect healed well with concealed scar and good function.Conclusion The modified skin-stretching technique provides a safe and effective method for the treatment of moderate to large skin defects in the lower extremities by utilizing the biomechanical properties and mechanical creep properties of skin,and provides a new option for clinicians in addition to traditional skin graft and free flap transplantation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Autologous Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF) in Treating Androgenetic Alopecia (AGA): 20 Cases TAN Pohching,ZHOU Shuangbai,WU Wei,LIU Kai,XIE Yun,LI Qingfeng 2019, 15 (3):  159-184.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.008 Abstract ( 1213 )   Objective To explore the clinical effect of Concentrated Growth Factor(CGF)in treating Androgenetic Alopecia(AGA).Methods Twenty cases of AGA patients were treated with subcutaneous injection of CGF in alopecia area and were followed up for at least 12 weeks after treatment.The effectiveness were evaluated before and after treatment for 4,8,12 weeks.The efficacy of the treatment was comprehensively evaluated by digital photographs,Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale(GAIS)scale,trichoscopy images and the patient satisfaction questionnaire.The safety of the treatment was evaluated by observing the signs of infection,swelling or ulceration in the injection area.Results Gross photographs showed that the hair coverage increased significantly and the appearance of hair loss improved after the injection of CGF.The GAIS score suggested that CGF was effective for the management of AGA.The hair density and the ratio of terminal hair/vellus hair(T/V ratio)were increased showed by trichoscopy images.The patients'satisfaction rate was 85%.No side effects was observed during the follow-up period.Conclusion CGF is a safe and effective method for the treatment of androgenic alopecia.It is easier to produce and master and may be used as a novel therapy for the management of AGA. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Application of Expanded Lateral Thoracic Pedicle Flap in Repairing Large Defect of Face and Neck LI Hua,XU Kunming,ZAN Tao,XIE Yun,LIU Kai,GU Bin,XIE Feng 2019, 15 (3):  163-167.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.009 Abstract ( 399 )   Objective To explore the feasibility of the expanded lateral thoracic pedicle flap in repairing the large defect of face and neck.Methods Ten patients with burn scars on face and neck were treated with the expanded lateral thoracic pedicle flap.At the first stage,tissue expander was embedded in the lateral thoracic area.After an interval of 4 to 6 months during which the tissue expander was sufficiently inflated,the scar on head and neck was removed,and the expanded lateral thoracic flap was elevated and transferred to restore the defect of head and neck region in second stage.Ultrasonic examinations were employed before both operations.Before flap transfer,a delay procedure was performed to assure better flap viability.Results This pedicle flap was based either on the lateral thoracic artery,the thoracodorsal artery,or the accessory-lateral thoracic artery and their vena comitans.Nine patients had satisfactory outcomes with 3 to 15 months of follow-up.One patient suffered from partial flap necrosis in the distal part of the flap,and was repaired by skin grafting.All of the donor sites were primarily closed.Conclusion The expanded lateral thoracic pedicle flap can provide another option for head and neck reconstruction with optimal skin color,texture and minimal donor site morbidities. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Study of 10-Year Follow-up on Primary Breast Reconstruction after Radical Mastectomy TIAN Baoxing,PAN Binhao,CAN Linchen,BAO Wanting,ZHAO Feng,XU Hua,FENG Shaoqing,ZHANG Yixin,GUO Shanyu 2019, 15 (3):  168-170.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.010 Abstract ( 599 )   Objective To explore the impact of primary breast reconstruction after radical mastectomy on the prognosis of breast cancer patients.Methods A total of 46 patients with early-stage breast cancer from January 2003 to April 2009 were enrolled in this study.According to the different treatment methods,the patients were divided into two groups:the first-stage breast reconstruction group(reconstruction group,n=23)and the radical mastectomy group(mastectomy group,n=23).The clinicopathological features,recurrence and metastasis rates,overall survival rates,satisfaction rates and quality of life were compared between the two groups.Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in clinicopathologic features.During postoperative follow-up,there was no statistically difference between the two groups in recurrence and metastasis rate(P=0.913)and overall survival rate(P=0.585).Compared with the mastectomy group,patients in the reconstruction group were more satisfied with the appearance of breast reconstruction.Conclusion Postmastectomy reconstruction for patients with early-stage breast cancer does not affect the oncologic risks and overall survival,and could improve the quality of life. Related Articles | Metrics

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Jiang Ru formula Combined with Breast Mammaplasty and Negative Pressure Irrigation for the Treatment of Refractory Plasma Cell Mastitis HE Liu,LIAO Mingjuan,CAI Yantao,ZHU Chenfang 2019, 15 (3):  171-175.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.011 Abstract ( 658 )   Objective To evaluate the effect of Jiang Ru formula combined with breast mammoplasty and continuous negative pressure irrigation for the treatment of refractory plasma cell mastitis.Methods From January 2016 to December 2018,42 patients with refractory plasma cell mastitis were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were given Jiang Ru formula one month before operation till one month after operation,one dose of Jiang Ru formula a day,all lesions were thoroughly removed in the operation,the breast was repaired with one-stage breast mammoplasty,then followed continuous negative pressure irrigation after operation.The effect,adverse reactions and satisfied degree were observed.Results The cure rate was 100%(42/42),the total effective rate was 100%(42/42),the recurrence rate was 0%(0/42).The average wound healing time was 8.29 days,the average recovery time was 42.29 days,and no allergy or adverse reactions were observed.The overall satisfaction of patient was 5(n=28,67%),4(n=12,29%)and 3(n=2,5%).Conclusion Jiang Ru formula combined with breast mammoplasty and continuous negative pressure irrigation is an effective method for the treatment of refractory plasma cell mastitis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Three-Incision Circumferential Thigh Liposuction and Lower Leg Liposuction in Lower Limb Contouring WANG Chunhu,WANG Keming,LI Xin,LI Jie,Li Facheng,Ma Jiguang 2019, 15 (3):  176-178.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.012 Abstract ( 335 )   Objective To explore the efficacy of three-incision circumferential thigh liposuction and lower leg liposuction in lower limb contouring.Methods From January 2017 to October 2018,17 cases with fat accumulation in lower limb were performed circumferential thigh liposuction and lower leg liposuction with three incisions.One incision was in pubic area,and other two incisions were in inferior gluteal folds.Results All cases were followed up for 3-20 months.The contouring of lower limb was improved.No complication of fat embolism,serious irregularity and infection was observed.Fifteen cases were satisfied with the results,the satisfaction rate was 88.2%.Conclusion Three-incision circumferential thigh liposuction and lower leg liposuction can well accomplish the shaping of both lower limbs with few incisions and concealed positions. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effectiveness of Endoscope-Assisted Negative Pressure Suction Cutter for Treating Axillary Osmidrosis in 121 patients XIAO Xia,ZHANG Rou,YANG Feng,YANG Jun,HE Zhaoli,LIU Ye 2019, 15 (3):  179-181.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.013 Abstract ( 469 )   Objective To investigate the effectiveness of endoscope-assisted motor-driven negative pressure suction cutter in the surgical treatment of axillary osmidrosis.Methods From December 2015 to June 2018,121 patients(242 sides)with axillary osmidrosis were treated with endoscope-assisted minimally invasive motor-driven negative pressure suction cutter.A 0.5-1 cm incision was made in the axillary crease.Subcutaneous tissue and glands,including apocrine sweat gland,were excised with motor-driven suction cutter until the flap was trimmed to approximately full thickness under endoscope.After scraping and rinsing the operation space,the skin was punched and fixed with vaseline gauze nail.After operation,custom clothes for axillary osmidrosis were put on.Results All patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months.Among the 242 sides of axillae treated,good malodor elimination was achieved in 239 sides,fair malodor elimination was achieved in 3 sides.All patients were satisfied with the therapeutic outcome.Conclusion Endoscope-assisted minimally invasive motor-driven suction cutter has the advantages of visualization,minimal invasive,reliable effect,less postoperative complications and high patient satisfaction,which is worthy of clinical promotion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Application of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in Chronic Lower Extremity Wounds TANG Xiaowei,NIE Lanjun,SONG Hui,LI Lei,CAI Wei,WANG Jingjing,ZOU Jia,SHEN Gan 2019, 15 (3):  182-184.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.014 Abstract ( 342 )   Objective To observe the clinical effect of negative pressure wound therapy in treating chronic lower extremity wounds.Methods From January 2018 to October 2018,a total of 23 cases with chronic ulcer of lower extremity were treated with negative pressure wound therapy,the therapeutic effect was observed.Results The effective rate of the treatment was 95%.One month follow-up after discharge showed good wound healing and no dysfunction of affected limb.Conclusion Negative pressure wound therapy for treating chronic lower extremity wounds can effectively promote wound healing,prevent wound disunion,avoid amputation,and is worthy of clinical application. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Modified L-Type Epicanthoplasty on Mild to Moderate Epicanthus XU Mengqiong,CUI Qingwei,XIE Xia,WANG Jing,SUN Yong 2019, 15 (3):  185-214.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.015 Abstract ( 361 )   Objective To explore the effect of modified L-type epicanthoplasty on mild to moderate epicanthus.Methods A total of 120 female patients with mild to moderate epicanthus were treated from January 2016 to December 2017.According to different surgical methods,patients were randomly divided into control group(n=60)and observation group(n=60).Patients in control group were treated with"Transverse Method"epicanthoplasty,while patients in observation group were treated with modified L-type epicanthoplasty.The aesthetic effect was evaluated after operation.Results Satisfactory rate was observed in the observation group with no obvious scars at the incision,no recurrence of epicanthus,natural and beautiful medial canthus.The recurrence rate in observation group was much lower than that in control group(P=0.002 6).The satisfaction rate of patients in observation group was higher than that in control group(P=0.012).Conclusion Modified L-type epicanthoplasty has the advantages of simple incision design,simple operation,hidden incision,no obvious scar and stable clinical effect. Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficacy and Safety of Long-Pulse Nd:YAG Laser Therapy for Superficial Venous Malformations CHEN Hui,MA Gang,HU Li,YANG Xi,SUN Yi,GU Hao,QIU Yajing,JIN Yunbo,LIN Xiaoxi 2019, 15 (3):  188-190.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.016 Abstract ( 430 )   Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-pulse Nd:YAG laser therapy for superficial venous malformations.Methods Eighteen patients with superficial venousmal formations were included in this study prospectively.They were treated by long-pulse Nd:YAG laser at an interval of 2 months.The end point of treatment is when the lesion clearance rate is over 90%evaluated by photographs taken before and after therapy.The complications were recorded including blister,pigmentation,telangiectasia and hypertrophic scar.After 12 months of follow-up,the recurrence rate was defined as more than 10%lesion reappeared at their original locations.Results After 1-4 sessions(average 2.4 sessions)treatment,at least 90%could been removed for each lesion.Blister was seen in 4 sessions of 3 cases,pigmentation in 9 sessions of 5 cases,telangiectasia in 3 cases and no scarring.No recurrence was observed.Conclusion Long-pulse Nd:YAG laser is effective and safe for treating superficial venous malformations. Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficacy and Safety of ALA Photodynamic Therapy for Moderate to Severe Facial Acne LI Xiaoqing,XU Suping,KONG Yinghui,LI He,XU Manyuan,JIANG Ming,SUN Weiguo 2019, 15 (3):  191-193.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.017 Abstract ( 409 )   Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy for moderate to severe facial acne.Methods A total of 94 cases of moderately severe acne were selected from October 2015 to June 2017,and were divided into control group(n=47)and observation group(n=47).The patients in control group were treated with red and blue light,while the patients in observation group were treated with 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy.Clinical curative effect,serum TNF-αand IL-8 levels and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared.Results After treatment for 2,4 and 8 weeks,the effective rates of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Serum TNF-αand IL-8 level of observation group after treatment was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions was 12.77%in the observation group and 8.51%in the control group.There was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The efficacy of ALA-PDT in the treatment of moderate to severe acne was significantly better than red and blue light treatment,and the recurrence rate was low,it is worthy of clinical application. Related Articles | Metrics

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Pain Level and Influencing Factors in Patients Undergoi Skin Soft Tissue Expansion YANG Lin,BIAN Weiwei 2019, 15 (3):  194-197.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.018 Abstract ( 607 )   Objective To observe the pain level of patients during skin soft tissue expansion and analyze the influencing factors,so as to provide evidence for the management of patients’pain.Methods From March 2017 to December 2017,220 patients treated by tissue expansion were included.General data,social support level,and pain self-efficacy scale were investigated.NRS-10 scale was used to evaluate the patients’pain level during the expansion procedure.The influencing factors of pain were analyzed.Results The patient had the highest pain level 6.75±1.25 points during the expansion,then gradually decreased,and fell to 2.94±1.28 points 1 hour after expansion.Pain levels reported by women,young patients,first-time tissue expansion,and head-face tissue expansion were significantly higher(P<0.05).The pain level was significantly lower at the 17th to 24th expansion(P<0.05).The pain level during expansion was negatively correlated with patient pain self-efficacy(P<0.01).Conclusion The change law of pain during tissue expansion procedure and the influencing factors are worthy of attention,in order to help assessing the cause of pain,identify key populations who need pain management and improve patient's pain self-efficacy,so as to reduce expansion pain Related Articles | Metrics

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Study of Stellate Ganglion Block in the Easement of Pain after Orbital Reconstruction CHEN Lijun,LUO Wei 2019, 15 (3):  198-200.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.019 Abstract ( 366 )   Objective To explore the effectiveness of stellate ganglion block(SGB)in the easement of pain after orbital reconstruction.Methods Eighty patients undergoing orbital reconstruction were randomly assigned to two groups:SGB group(n=40)and control group(n=40).In PACU,SGB was performed successfully under sonography guidance using 8 mL of 0.25%bupivacaine in the SGB group,while no intervention was given in the control group.The effectiveness of the pain-relief was evaluated 1,2,4 and 24 hours after intervention The intraocular pressure was evaluated before intervention and 1,2,4,24 hours after intervention.The incidence of adverse events during intervention or follow-up was recorded.Results Compared with control group,the pain degree of the SGB group decreased 2,4 and 24 hours after injection,intraocular pressure decreased 1,2 and 4 hours after injection,and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion SGB is significantly effective in the easement of pain and reduction of intraocular pressure after orbital reconstruction. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of 3D Bio-Printing in Tissue Engineering ZUO Jinfu,SUN Miao,HAN Ningning,LIU Fangjun 2019, 15 (3):  201-203.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.020 Abstract ( 471 )   3D bio-printing technology is a new technology method that uses computer three-dimensional model as"drawing"to assemble special"bio-ink"and finally manufacture artificial organs and biomedical products.The application of 3D printing technology in the field of biomedicine has been rapidly developed in recent years with good development prospects and great social value.In this paper,the applications of 3D bio-printing in tissue engineering and organ reconstruction were reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Regulation Mechanism of Macrophages in Wound Healing ZHANG Minchen 2019, 15 (3):  204-207.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.021 Abstract ( 510 )   Macrophages play a key role in wound healing process,and participate in the process of inflammation,proliferation and remodeling through a variety of mechanisms.Studies have shown that changes in the number,subtype and function of macrophages directly or indirectly affect the inflammatory state and the physiological activities,such as the process of reconstruction.In this paper,the related literatures on the regulation mechanism of macrophage during skin and soft tissue wound healing in recent years were reviewed,in order to guide the basic and clinical research of wound healing. Related Articles | Metrics

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Establishment and Application of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Digital Virtual Surgery Platform for Young Doctors' Clinical and Skill Training ZHANG Chuxi,HUI Wenyu,LIN Yanpin,WU Jinyang,CHEN Shihang,YANG Chengshuai,LIU Nian,ZHANG Yong,ZHANG Shilei 2019, 15 (3):  208-211.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.022 Abstract ( 414 )   Objective To establish a digital virtual surgery platform for oral and craniomaxillofacial surgery and demonstrate its effectiveness in the training of medicos and young doctors.Methods①The virtual surgical platform for oral and craniomaxillofacial surgery was established through medical image data processing and 3D modeling,visualization of surgical instruments,simulation of surgery;The accuracy of the software was verified;②Teaching and operation training for 20 medicos or young doctors of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Stomatology were carried out,and the learning effect of each trainee was evaluated.Results①The virtual surgery software CMF Robot Plan was developed with independent intellectual property rights,which has good consistency with the widely used commercial software;②The software had better teaching effect for common oral and craniomaxillofacial surgery,and it was beneficial to the trainee’s understanding of the academic style.Conclusion The virtual surgery software can provide a simulated surgical skill training environment,which is an effective way to teach medicos and young doctors the clinical skills. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of PBL Method in Hand Surgery Teaching WANG Bin,FANG Xia,ZHOU Shengbo,SUN Bin,CUI Hengqing,LIU Xinmeng,SUN Wenhai 2019, 15 (3):  212-214.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.03.023 Abstract ( 305 )   PBL is problem-based learning.Its teaching mode takes the student as the main body and takes the group discussion as the form.In recent years,PBL teaching method has been widely used in multidisciplinary teaching.In this paper,the characteristics of hand surgery,the limitations of traditional teaching,the advantages of PBL teaching method and the application of PBL teaching method in hand surgery teaching were all expounded. Related Articles | Metrics