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Table of Content

    20 August 2019, Volume 15 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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    Original article
    Preliminary Study of Electroporation Method for modRNA Transfected Cells
    CHEN Maolin,WANG Huijing,AI Xuefeng,YAN Bingqian,GONG Yiqi,TAN Yao,FU Wei,WANG Wei
    2019, 15 (4):  215-221.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.04.001
    Abstract ( 566 )  
    Objective To investigate the feasibility of electroporation for modRNA transfection and to screen the optimal voltage and pulse time required for different cell electroporation. Methods ①The optimal voltage and pulse time parameters for electroporation of EGFP modRNA into human fibroblasts were screened;②Human fibroblasts were transfected with nGFP and EGFP+mCherry modRNA;③Hela, 293T, 3T3, three common adherent cells were electroporated with EGFP modRNA. Results ①The optimum voltage for electroporation of human fibroblasts was 440 V, and the optimal pulse time was 30 ms;②nGFP could be expressed in the nucleus;EGFP and mCherry proteins could be expressed simultaneously in the cytoplasm;③The optimum voltages for Hela, 293T and 3T3 cells were 425 V, 400 V and 440 V respectively, and the optimal pulse time was 30 ms. Conclusion This experiment demonstrates:①The feasibility of transfection of modRNA into cytoplasm and nucleus by electroporation;②Simultaneous introduction of two modRNAs into the same cell and expression;③ Optimal voltage and optimal pulse time are based on different cell types.
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    In Vitro Reconstruction of Tissue Engineering Cartilage Using Acellular Cartilage Matrix Biomimetic Scaffolds
    JIA Litao,YAO Lin,LIU Yanqun,ZHANG Peiling,LIU Yu,CAO Yilin,ZHOU Guangdong
    2019, 15 (4):  222-244.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.04.002
    Abstract ( 489 )  
    Objective To explore the feasibility of constructing tissue engineering cartilage with acellular cartilage matrix (ACM) biomimetic scaffolds in vitro. Methods The cartilage tissue was decellularized after completely pulverization, and then combined with a certain proportion of gelatin (GT) to prepare three-dimensional porous scaffolds. The pore size, porosity, biomechanics and degradation rate of porous scaffolds with different ACM/GT ratios were analyzed, and the most suitable proportion for cartilage regeneration in vitro was selected. Porcine articular cartilage cells were cultured, and then inoculated into ACM scaffolds. Gross observation and histological staining were carried out after culturing for 8 weeks in vitro. Results With the increase of ACM content, the pore size and porosity of ACM scaffolds increased while the biomechanical strength decreased. In terms of pore size and porosity, the ACM:GT=5:5 one was suitable for cartilage reconstruction. Gross observation and histology showed that ACM scaffolds could reconstruct homogeneous and typical cartilage tissue in vitro. Conclusion ACM can be used to fabricate three-dimensional porous scaffolds that are suitable for cartilage regeneration and to construct tissue engineering cartilage in vitro.
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    Mmu-miR-124 Target Gene Prediction and Its Potential Regulation of Neurodevelopment Through GSK3B: A Bioinformatics and qRT-PCR Study
    JIANG Yunfeng,SUN Yu
    2019, 15 (4):  227-232.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.04.003
    Abstract ( 426 )  
    Objective To predict the target genes of Mmu-miR-124 by bioinformatics method, and to identify the role of Mmu-miR-124 in neurodevelopment. Methods The potential target genes of Mmu-miR-124 were predicted on Star Base database. GO, Reactome Pathway, KEGG Pathway and PPI analysis methods were used to analyze the possible mechanism of the predicted target genes. The reliability of the predicted results on key genes in neural developmental pathways was confirmed by real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcriptional PCR (qRT-PCR) technique. Results GO, KEGG and Reactome pathway suggested the role of Mmu-miR-124 target genes in axon guidance, long-term depression and sphlein metabolic pathway. PPI analysis showed that GSK3B, NRAS and ITGB1 were key genes. qRT-PCR results showed that Mmu-miR-124 was increased significantly and GSK3B was decreased slightly during the neurodevelopment. Conclusion Mmu-miR-124 is widely involved in a variety of biological processes by regulating target genes, and Mmu-miR-124 may regulate neural development by targeting GSK3B.
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    Surgical Management and Outcomes of Central Polydactyly with Duplicated Metatarsals of the Foot
    CAO Yi,HAN Dong,DU Zijing,JIANG Hao
    2019, 15 (4):  233-236.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.04.004
    Abstract ( 483 )  
    Objective To explore the surgical management and outcomes of central polydactyly with duplicated metatarsals. Methods Five child patients of central polydactyly with duplicated metatarsals were retrospectively reviewed from February 2013 to October 2018. They were treated with the V-shape incision, followed by polydactyly excision, repairs of the interosseus and the intermetatarsal ligaments, as well as wedge resection of cuneiforms in wide-forefoot cases. For follow-up assessment, the metatarsal gap ratio (MGR) values were measured and compared. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) rating systems were adopted to evaluate the foot function. Results All cases recovered well. None have reported any difficulties in walking or running. Postoperative MGR values decreased significantly compared with preoperative. The results of AOFAS scales were from 88 to 100 points, indicating excellent/good foot function. Conclusion Surgical treatments of central polydactyly with duplicated metatarsals successfully change the cosmetic appearance of the foot, while retain the satisfactory foot function. To minimize the width of the forefoot, wedge resection of the cuneiforms is strongly recommended in wide-forefoot cases.
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    Surgical Repair and Reconstruction of Chest Wall Defect after Resection of Chest Wall Tumors
    WANG Shaoqiang,CHEN Jing,WEI Songyang,ZHENG Qingjie
    2019, 15 (4):  237-240.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.04.005
    Abstract ( 582 )  
    Objective To explore the methods of repair and reconstruction of chest wall defect after resection of chest wall tumors. Methods From May 2011 to May 2018, 31 patients with chest wall tumors were treated in our department, including 6 cases of primary benign tumors of chest wall, 14 cases of primary malignant tumors of chest wall and 11 cases of metastatic malignant tumors of chest wall. There were 16 cases of simple bone defect of chest wall, 4 cases of simple soft tissue defect of chest wall and 11 cases of full-thickness defect of chest wall. Patch (4 cases), Prolene mesh (3 cases) and mesh titanium alloy plate (17 cases) were used to reconstruct the sternal bone defect. The defect of soft tissue of chest wall were reconstructed by direct suture (11 cases) and different kinds of skin flap (20 cases). Results All the 31 patients completed the operation successfully. The postoperative respiratory functions were normal. No paradoxical respiration occurred in this group. There were 2 cases of marginal necrosis of pedicled latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps, 1 case of distal necrosis of pedicled rectus abdominis myocutaneous flaps and 1 case of marginal necrosis of perforator flaps of free inferior epigastric artery. The wounds healed after dressing therapy. Conclusion Surgery is the main treatment for chest wall tumors. To ensure the extent of resection and to select appropriate materials and tissue flaps for the reconstruction of chest wall according to the size, location and complexity of the defect area are the keys to the success of the operation.
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    Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin A Combined with Hyaluronic Acid for Augmentation Rhinoplasty Analyzed by 3D Image System
    ZHANG Qun,ZHOU Chengshuang
    2019, 15 (4):  241-244.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.04.006
    Abstract ( 524 )  
    Objective To explore the efficacy of botulinum toxin A combined with hyaluronic acid for augmentation rhinoplasty analyzed by 3D image system. Methods According to the principle of double-blind randomized grouping, 40 patients received hyaluronic acid rhinoplasty were divided into control group (n=20) and observation group (n=20). Patients in control group were treated with hyaluronic acid injection alone, while patients in observation group were treated with botulinum toxin A combined with hyaluronic acid injection. The absorptivity of hyaluronic acid was recorded by 3D image system. The material absorptivity, effect and incidence of complications after augmentation rhinoplasty in the two groups were statistically analyzed. Results The material absorption rate of the observation group was lower than that of the control group 6 months and 12 months after injection (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the nasal aesthetic satisfaction and incidence of complications between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Botulinum toxin A combined with hyaluronic acid injection has lower absorption rate and longer duration than hyaluronic acid injection alone.
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    Analysis of the Value and Clinical Significance of the Tenon-Mmortise Structure Integral Stent of Autogenous Costal Cartilage in Rhinoplasty
    CHEN Jie,XIAO Chao,SU Na,YU Wenjuan
    2019, 15 (4):  245-247.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.04.007
    Abstract ( 514 )  
    Objective To explore the value and clinical significance of the tenon-mortise structure integral stent of autogenous costal cartilage in nasal comprehensive plastic surgery. Methods A total of 115 patients who underwent nasal comprehensive orthopedic surgery from August 2015 to September 2018 were treated with the tenon-mortise structure integral stent of autogenous costal cartilage. All patients were followed up for 6 months, the linical effect was evaluated and the patients' satisfactory was observed. Results The average postoperative recovery time was (7.2±1.5) days, and the mean synaptic height of nasal tip was (0.57±0.13) cm. The operation was successful in 113 cases (98.3%). After operation, 5 patients developed nasal tip swelling, and the symptoms disappeared after anti-inflammatory treatment and did not affect the effect of rhinoplasty. Satisfaction survey was performed, the score of nasal type was (8.4±1.5), the plumpness of inferior lobule was (8.2±1.9), the rotation degree of nasal tip was (9.2±2.3), nostril diameter was (8.7±2.3) cm. The total satisfactory rate was 93.9%(108/115). Conclusion The application of the tenon-mortise structure integral stent of autogenous costal cartilage in nasal comprehensive plastic surgery can improve the plastic effect and reduce the incidence of complications, and is worthy of clinical promotion.
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    Analysis of Risk Factors for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation after Operation of Multiple Fractures
    DU Xuan,QIAO Xinjun,YAN Zhiwang,MIAO Shihong,LI Runqi,WANG Ying
    2019, 15 (4):  248-251.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.04.008
    Abstract ( 464 )  
    Objective To investigate the risk factors for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) after operation of multiple fractures. Methods Patients with multiple fractures combined with DIC from March 2017 to December 2018 were enrolled as experimental groups. According to the gender and age, patients with multiple fractures with the same sample size in the same time period but without DIC were matched as the control group. Analysis of the number of fractures, smoking history, hyperlipidemia, and platelet, prothrombin time, international normalized ratio, D-dimer, homocysteine on the first day after operation were evaluated for predicting DIC. Results Finally, 48 cases were included in the experimental group and 48 cases in the control group. According to the binary logistic regression analysis, it was found that platelets, D-dimer and homocysteine on the first day after operation were the risk factors for DIC. The above indicators were used to draw ROC curves. It was found that D-dimer and homocysteine on the first day after operation were the independent risk factors for DIC. Conclusion For patients with multiple fractures, if the D-dimer and homocysteine values are higher on the first day after operation, it is necessary to be alert to the possibility of DIC.
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    Clinical Efficacy of Ziguizhangpi Ointment in Treatment of Venous Leg Ulcer and Its Effect on LC3-Ⅱand Beclin 1
    LIAO Mingjuan,KUI Gang,WANG Yongling,LI Yan
    2019, 15 (4):  252-255.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.04.009
    Abstract ( 399 )  
    Objective To observe the clinical effects of Ziguizhangpi Ointment (ZG) in the treatment of venous leg ulcer (VLU), and to explore the mechanism. Methods Sixty patients with VLU were randomly divided into control group (n=30) and treatment group (n=30). Patients in control group were treated with bovine basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), while patients in treatment group were treated with ZG. After 8 weeks of treatment, the clinical effects, wound healing rate and expression of autophagy related proteins (LC3-Ⅱ, beclin-1) in wound granulation tissue were evaluated. Results The total effective rate of the control group was 78.57%, and that of the treatment group was 86.20%. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05);Wound healing rates of the treatment group 6 and 8 months after treatment were both significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05);WB showed higher expression of LC3-Ⅱ, beclin-1 in treatment group than in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of VLU, ZG can improve clinical effects, wound healing rate and up-regulate the expression of LC3-Ⅱ, beclin-1 in wound, so as to promote wound healing.
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    Combination of Conventional Surgery, TCM Syndrome Differentiation and Plastic Surgery in Treating Complex Plasma Cell Mastitis
    BAO Wanting,GUO Shanyu,TIAN Baoxing,CAO Lichen,ZHU chenfang,FENG Shaoqing,HUANG Xiaoying
    2019, 15 (4):  256-259.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.04.010
    Abstract ( 443 )  
    Objective To explore the combination of conventional surgery, TCM syndrome differentiation and plastic surgery in the treatment of complex plasma cell mastitis (PCM). Methods From November 2013 to October 2018, a total of 60 PCM patients were divided into 3 groups and were treated with conventional surgery (group A, n=21), combination of conventional surgery and TCM syndrome differentiation (group B, n=20), and combination of conventional surgery, TCM syndrome differentiation and plastic surgery (group C, n=19). The assessment of efficacy was conducted from three aspects: cure time, cure rate, and satisfaction rate. Results The average postoperative recovery time of group C patients was (48.8±1.8) d, the cure rate was 100%(19/19), and the satisfaction rate of patients with postoperative breast morphology was 94.74%(18/19), the cure rate and satisfaction rate were better than the other two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion The combination of conventional surgery, TCM syndrome differentiation and plastic surgery in treating PCM has a short course of treatment, significant curative effect, high patient satisfaction, and is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
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    The Effects of Different Feeding Methods on the Postoperative Rehabilitation after the Resection of Cervical Scar and Skin Grafting
    CHEN Jia,BIAN Weiwei,ZHUANG Leilan,HUANG Ying
    2019, 15 (4):  260-262.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.04.011
    Abstract ( 450 )  
    Objective To investigate the effects of different feeding methods on the postoperative rehabilitation after the resection of cervical scar and skin grafting. Methods From December 2011 to August 2013, 84 patients received cervical scar resection and skin grafting were recruited and divided into oral feeding group (n=44) and nasal feeding group (n=40) according to the different feeding methods. Body weight, throat comfort, oral comfort, psychological condition and the relative skin survival area were measured and compared. Results The postoperative body weight at different time points was higher in the oral feeding group, compared with nasal feeding group (P<0.05). The throat comfort, oral comfort, psychological condition in the oral feeding group were all better than those in the nasal feeding group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the relative skin survival area between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Oral feeding is an ideal method for the patients after cervical scar resection and skin grafting.
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    Review
    Advances of Sirolimus in the Treatment of Vascular Malformation
    SUN Buhao
    2019, 15 (4):  263-265.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.04.012
    Abstract ( 785 )  
    Vascular malformation is a group of developmental malformations originating from blood vessels and/or lymphatics that can invade multiple organs and systems, causing pain, disfigurement, dysfunction, and even death. At present, the treatment methods of vascular malformation are various, but the effect is not satisfactory. Sirolimus, a mammalian target protein receptor inhibitor of rapamycin, has been shown to be effective in the treatment of vascular malformations. In this paper, the mechanism, application, effect and possible side effects of sirolimus in treating vascular malformation were reviewed, in order to provide a new idea for treating such diseases.
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    Research Progress on Tension-Related Therapy of Scar
    PEI Yunkun,CHENG Liying,ZHANG Yuguang
    2019, 15 (4):  266-274.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.04.013
    Abstract ( 553 )  
    Hypertrophic scar and keloid are pathological scars caused by excessive deposition of collagen. Mechanical tension can cause fibroblast proliferation and transformation through various mechanisms, regulate protein secretion, inhibit apoptosis, induce pathological scar, which promotes scar hyperplasia and expansion. Tension-related treatments including incision design, tension reduction suture, skin tension reduction device, wound tape and pressure therapy, can effectively inhibit scar hyperplasia and prevent pathological scar occurrence and recurrence.
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    Research Progress of Reconstruction Methods for Abdominal Wall Defects
    NI Xiaodong
    2019, 15 (4):  268-270.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.04.014
    Abstract ( 510 )  
    Abdominal wall defects are common diseases in the clinic. Common causes include abdominal wall trauma, intra-abdominal surgery and abdominal wall tumor resection. It is necessary to repair or reconstruct the abdominal wall structure and function by surgical repair or reconstruction. Reconstruction of abdominal wall defects is an important part of plastic surgery. The emergence of new materials combined with innovative surgical methods provide more options for the treatment of abdominal wall defects. In this paper, the reconstruction methods of large-scale abdominal wall defects were reviewed.
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    Correction of Mandibular Angle Hypertrophy and Common Complications
    LIU Siyu
    2019, 15 (4):  271-274.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.04.015
    Abstract ( 515 )  
    Mandible with good shape is the essential element to maintain facial coordination. Mandibular angle plasty is an important part of lower face plasty. Mandibular angle hypertrophy belongs to the common deformity of mandible, which is mainly performed as backward and downward protrusion or eversion of mandibular angle resulting in the widening of lower face. Mandibular angle hypertrophy can be corrected by surgical methods. Common surgical methods include mandibular angle full-thickness osteotomy, mandibular angle sagittal split osteotomy, mandibular angle osteotomy combined with sagittal split osteotomy, and mandibular angle osteotomy combined with other osteotomy. Each operation has its own indications. In recent years, digital technology is applied in the surgical treatment of mandibular angle hypertrophy. Computer-aided design and manufacturing technology and 3D printing technology can design personalized surgical plans for different patients and can be used to make surgical guide plates for intraoperative osteotomy and positioning, so as to improve the accuracy and safety of surgery and obtain the best therapeutic effect. In this paper, the surgical methods of mandibular angle hypertrophy and common complications were reviewed.
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    Teaching
    Application of PBL Combined with CBL Teaching Mode in Clinical Teaching of Plastic Surgery Postgraduates
    LI Datao,ZHANG Ruhong
    2019, 15 (4):  275-276.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0364.2019.04.016
    Abstract ( 432 )  
    With the development of social economy, more and more attention has been paid to the training of high-quality postgraduates in plastic surgery. At present, plastic surgery teaching is still dominated by traditional teaching methods. How to use various teaching methods to achieve the expected teaching objectives is an important task for teachers. In order to cultivate the independent research spirit of postgraduates and improve their clinical practice ability and comprehensive quality, PBL and CBL teaching mode was applied to the clinical teaching of postgraduates in plastic surgery with a view to improving the effect of clinical teaching.
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