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    Teaching design and exploration of dermatology under the background of curriculum ideological and political construction

    YANG Yali, HUANG Linting, CHEN Jun, et al
    Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2023, 19 (1): 97-.  
    Abstract826)      PDF(pc) (9550KB)(309)       Save
    According to the characteristics of dermatology and venereology, teachers are encouraged to explore the effective
    combination of medical professional courses with ideology and politics. Taking Acne as an example, the ideological and political
    elements in dermatology and venereal disease teaching were excavated, the organic integration of medical professional courses
    and ideological and political education was realized, which could improve students' humanistic quality and social responsibility
    awareness and emphasize the vital role of classrooms in ideological and political education.
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    The effect of extracellular vesicles secreted by adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells after being stimulated by ultrasound on the biological properties of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells

    LIU Zibo, WANG Yikai, ZHENG Yi, et al
    Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (4): 403-.  
    Abstract740)      PDF(pc) (5906KB)(26)       Save
    Objective To collect extracellular vesicles( EVs) secreted by adipose mesenchymal stem cells( ADSCs) after ultrasound stimulation, compare with EVs secreted by normal ADSCs, and to explore the effects of EVs secreted after ultrasound stimulation on the biological characteristics of ADSCs, including cell proliferation, migration, and adipogenic differentiation abilities. Methods Firstly, some ADSCs were treated with low-intensity ultrasound, cell culture supernatant was collected and extracellular vesicles (U-EVs) were extracted by ultrafiltration method. Some ADSCs were cultured normally and their extracellular vesicles( N-EVs) were also collected. The experiments were performed in the following three groups: PBS (blank control group), EVs secreted by untreated cells (N-EVs group), and EVs secreted by ultrasoundtreated cells (U-EVs group). The CCK-8 assay was used to assess the viability of ADSCs under treatment with EVs at different concentrations. The concentration that most strongly enhanced cell viability was selected. At this concentration, cell migration was detected by scratch test, cell proliferation was detected by EdU method, and adipogenic induction medium was used to induce and compare adipogenic differentiation ability of ADSCs. Results EVs secreted after ultrasound stimulation met the identification standards, and the optimal concentration for affecting ADSCs was about 150 µg/mL. At this concentration, the cell proliferation rate of the U-EVs group( 19.2%±1.8%) was significantly higher than that of the N-EVs group( 11.9%±3.4%), and the Oil Red O staining area of the U-EVs group was( 2.78±0.23) times that of the control group, significantly higher than (2.11±0.18) times of the N-EVs group. However, there was no significant difference in cell migration rates between the N-EVs (16.3%±2.0%) and U-EVs (21.5%±2.3%) groups. Conclusion  EVs secreted by ultrasound-stimulated ADSCs significantly enhance the vitality of ADSCs and improve their abilities in cell proliferation, migration, and adipogenic differentiation.
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    Research progress of mediating factors affecting the formation of foreign body giant cell

    LIU Yu, WANG Rui, LI Shijie, et al
    Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2022, 18 (6): 527-.  
    Abstract639)      PDF(pc) (453KB)(397)       Save
    Foreign body giant cell (Foreign body giant cell, FBGC) is a prominent cell type formed after the implantation of biomedical materials. It is formed by the fusion of macrophages. It is a hallmark histological feature in chronic inflammation caused by persistent microbial infection or non-phagocytosis of foreign bodies. FBGC is related to the degradation and failure of implanted biomaterials, and is the key cell of foreign body reaction. Controlling the formation of FBGC is considered the key to preventing implantation failure. Therefore, FBGC has always been a research hotspot. Although the molecular mechanism that promotes the adhesion and development of macrophages and supports the formation of FBGC has not yet been elucidated, many mediating factors affecting its formation have also been discovered. In this paper, the relevant domestic and foreign literatures from the three aspects of FBGC formation process, structure and function, and influencing factors were summarized to further understand the mechanism of foreign body giant cell formation and provide enlightenment for finding other possible mediating factors.
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    Clinical effect of Botox microdrop injection on improving

    the skin of lower face contour and neck

    LIU Bin, GU Yichun, MAO Lu, et al
    Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2022, 18 (6): 502-.  
    Abstract581)      PDF(pc) (733KB)(262)       Save
    Objective To explore the clinical effect of Botox microdrop injection on improving the skin of lower face contour and neck. Methods From June 2018 to December 2019, a total of 115 beauty seekers (111 female and 4 male, aged 20-65 years) were treated with Botox microdrop injection. The diluted Botox (1 mL normal saline containing 20 units of botulinum toxin A) was injected into the subcutaneous or superficial layer of the marginal area of the mandible and neck by microdrop method, and the lifting and tightening effect of Botox on the skin in this area was observed. Results After one month of injection, the skin sagging of the lower face contour was improved, the contour line of the mandibular margin became clearer, the loose skin of the neck became tight, and the neck lines became shallower. The effect was satisfactory in 108 beauty seekers. Conclusion Botox microdrop injection has a good therapeutic effect on the aging, relaxation and sagging of the lower face contour and neck skin.
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    Application of head-mounted video system in the teaching of free flap reconstructive surgery
    ·CHENG Chen, CHENG Kaixiang, SHAO Jing, et al
    Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (4): 500-.  
    Abstract572)      PDF(pc) (941KB)(12)       Save
    Objective To evaluate the effect of head-mounted video system in the teaching of free flap reconstructive surgery. Methods A total of 45 surgeons with further study program in the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital from June 2022 to December 2023 were included and randomly divided into experimental group (n=23) and control group (n=22). Both groups were given lectures about basic theoretical knowledge and surgical procedure before operation. The experimental group observed the surgery by video system, and the video data was directly taken from the head-mounted video device of the operator and accompanied by explanation, while the control group was observed in the operation room. The basic theoretical assessment, surgical procedure assessment and teaching satisfaction rate were compared between the two groups. Results The scores of surgical procedure assessment and teaching satisfaction rate of experimental group were higher than those of control group, the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05), but there were no statistically significant difference in the basic theoretical assessment scores between the two groups (P>0.05).
    Conclusion The head-mounted video system can improve the teaching effect and teaching satisfaction of flap reconstructive surgery, which has certain promotion significance.
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    Hypodermic needle guided suturing for distant tension-offloading suture
    PAN Sida, WU Qinghua, PENG Qian, et al
    Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (4): 456-.  
    Abstract526)      PDF(pc) (1487KB)(16)       Save
    Distant tension-offloading suture is one of the solutions for tension impeded wound healing and scarring after surgery. In this paper, an innovated technique of achieving tension-offloading suturing using hypodermic needle guidance was introduced. Hypodermic needle guided suturing( HGS) technique makes high quality wound closure simple, with cheap and accessible equipment.
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    Advances in minimal-invasive blepharoplasty

    YANG Baofeng, LI Jie, MA Jiguang
    Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (4): 491-.  
    Abstract516)      PDF(pc) (969KB)(18)       Save
    The application of minimal-invasive blepharoplasty has been increasing year by year because of its advantages such as invisible surgical scar, stable and natural double eyelid and short recovery period. This review summarized the advances of minimal-invasive blepharoplasty at home and abroad, and introduced the surgical procedure of minimal-invasive blepharoplasty and the advantages, disadvantages and complications, so as to provide reference for the clinical application of minimal-invasive blepharoplasty.
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    Preparation and research progress of adipose decellularized tissue with different properties

    HU Yuling, QI Zuoliang (
    Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2022, 18 (5): 454-.  
    Abstract480)      PDF(pc) (536KB)(383)       Save
    As a new therapeutic method, the application of tissue engineering in plastic and reconstructive surgery has been paid more and more attention by clinicians and researchers in recent years. However, the common scaffolds have some shortcomings such as low plasticity or poor biocompatibility. It is still a hot spot to find an ideal scaffold material. Decellularized adipose tissue refers to the acellular extract of adipose tissue after a series of operations, which can simulate the characteristics of natural adipose extracellular matrix and has good biocompatibility and adjustability. In the future, it can be used as a new type of biological scaffold in plastic and reconstruction surgery. In t
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    Progress in research methods of studying the neural crest

    JIANG Leheng, YIN Ningbei
    Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (4): 469-.  
    Abstract474)      PDF(pc) (993KB)(108)       Save
    The neural crest is a migratory, multipotent stem cell population during vertebrate embryogenesis, and lineage tracing is the focus of its research. Over the 150 years since its first discovery, understanding of the neural crest has gone through a transition from morphological observations to single-cell level. In this paper, important approaches applied to study the neural crest were reviewed including radioisotope labeling, chimeras, vital dye labeling, in vitro clonal analysis, conditional genetic recombination and single-cell sequencing.
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    The incidence and risk factors of breast cancer-related lymphedema

    ZHANG Yingying, LI Hua, GUAN Jiaqin, et al
    Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2023, 19 (3): 242-.  
    Abstract466)      PDF(pc) (1127KB)(1061)       Save
    Objective To explore the incidence rate, severity and risk factors of breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL)
    among breast cancer survivors. Methods Data collected from 128 patients underwent breast cancer operation during September
    1 to December 31, 2019. All the patients were female, aging (49.0±6.8) years (29-81 years). The Norman questionnaire and arm
    circumference measurement were used to evaluate the BCRL status and treatment status of breast cancer patients from subjective
    and objective perspectives at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months after surgery separately. The influence of the correlation factors on BRCL
    occurrence was analyzed by Logistic analysis. Results BRCL incidences were 9.4%, 25%, 23.4% and 23.4% at 6, 12, 24, 36
    months according to arm circumference measurement, while 12.5%, 26.6%, 25.0% and 25.0% by Norman questionnaire. Among the 128 patients, 30 were diagnosed with BCRL after breast cancer surgery, among which the incidence of stage Ⅰ
    lymphedema, stage Ⅱ lymphedema and stage Ⅲ lymphedema were 15.6%, 6.3% and 1.6%, respectively. Age, body mass index (BMI)  radiotherapy, the number of positive lymph nodes and surgery method showed differences between the the BCRL group and control group. Both CDT or LVA showed improvement for the BCRL patients. Conclusion BCRL is a common complication for
    breast cancer patients after surgery. It can be fairly diagnosed in the first year after surgery without the increasing incidence of
    BCRL over time throughout 3 years. BMI, radiotherapy were found to be independent risk factors in the development of BCRL in
    this study.
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    Analysis of the mechanism of fibroblast involvement in scarless healing of oral mucosa based on single cell transcriptome sequencing

    XUANYUAN Xinyang, XU Jiacheng, WANG Mengting, et al
    Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2023, 19 (2): 115-.  
    Abstract462)      PDF(pc) (3654KB)(924)       Save
    Objective To explore the heterogeneity of human normal oral mucosa and skin fibroblasts and the mechanism of
    oral mucosal fibroblasts in promoting scarless wound healing. Methods Single-cell transcriptome sequencing data were obtained
    from the GEO database for 13 cases of oral mucosa and 8 cases of skin. The 64,633 cells were subjected to quality control, dimen sionality, clustering and cell annotation. Fibroblasts were extracted and annotated for subsets definition, differential gene enrichment
    and intercellular interactions analysis. Results Fibroblasts can be divided into 5 subsets: inflammatory, adipose, mesenchymal,
    contractile, and Wnt-inhibited. The proportion of inflammatory fibroblasts was significantly upregulated in the oral mucosa and
    was associated with immune cell recruitment. CXCL13, EEF1A1 and B2M genes were highly expressed in oral mucosa fibro
    blasts. Gene ontology (GO) functional analysis showed that scar healing-related pathways such as immune response and pro-in
    flammatory pathways were activated in oral fibroblasts. Cellular interaction analysis revealed that the interaction between fibro
    blast subsets was significantly changed, the information flow of oral mucosal COLLAGEN signaling pathway was upregulated, and
    the score of collagen degradation genes including MMP1 and MMP10 were also increased (P<0.05). Conclusion Fibroblasts
    in normal skin and oral mucosa differ significantly in their subpopulation and function. The stronger inflammatory characteristics
    and collagen metabolism of oral mucosal fibroblasts may drive the scarless wound healing.
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    Evaluation of facial injection filling materials for medical aesthetics
    ZHAO Chenyu, LI Chongchong, SUN Xue, et al
    Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2023, 19 (5): 517-.  
    Abstract425)      PDF(pc) (874KB)(3300)       Save
    With economic development and technological progress, the demand for medical aesthetics has increased sig
    nificantly, and medical biomaterials are widely used. It is necessary to further improve the evaluation of their effectiveness and
    safety. At present, the evaluation of its physicochemical properties and biology is adopted in China. However, the clinical effec
    tiveness is a multi-faceted evaluation without unified criteria. Most of the evaluation mainly adopts objective indicators for quan
    titative analysis, while subjective feelings are secondary criteria. In this paper, the main facial fillers and the evaluation methods
    of their physicochemical properties were reviewed.
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    modRNA enhance the effect of cell therapy in tissue repairing and regeneration
    ·WANG Xiangying, FU Wei
    Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (4): 465-.  
    Abstract420)      PDF(pc) (976KB)(21)       Save
     Cell therapy has been developed rapidly in recent years. However, the effect of cell therapy in tissue repairing and regeneration is ineffective. Therefore, a new strategy to enhance the therapeutic effect of cell therapy is urgently demanded. Some studies in recent years have found that the combination of mRNA with cell therapy, that is, transfect mRNA into transplanted cells, can promote the efficiency of tissue repairing and regeneration, which could further promote the repair and regeneration of multiple tissues such as cardiovascular, skin, bone and articulus. In this paper, the advantages of the combination of mRNA with cell therapy, other applications in tissue repairing and regeneration, and the difficulties of clinical transformation were all reviewed, aiming to provide new ideas for the tissue repairing and regeneration and the strategies of the clinical transformation.
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    The effect of p53 in the occurrence, development and treatment of heart diseases 

    LU Tingting, FU Wei
    Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2022, 18 (3): 261-.  
    Abstract408)      PDF(pc) (410KB)(235)       Save
    Heart disease is one of the top ten fatal diseases, which threats human health seriously. However, the most useful therapy for heart disease is palliative care. So, we need to search new treatments for heart disease. Recent years, more and more researches are focus on the role of p53 in heart disease. p53, a kind of transcription factor, plays an important role during the occurrence, development and treatment of heart disease via anti-angiogenesis, pro-programmed cell death, autophagy regulation, cell cycle arrest regulation and metabolism regulation. p53 can also promote the differentiation of stem cell and the maturation of cardiomyocytes derived from stem cells in vitro, which can help the stem cells to treat heart disease. Therefore, p53 may become a new target for the treatment of heart diseases in the future. In this paper, the effect of p53 in the occurrence, development and treatment of heart diseases was reviewed.
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    Application of silicone gel breast prosthesis combined with titanium polypropylene mesh in immediate breast reconstruction for early breast cancer 

    YAO Chengcai, CHEN Ming, LIU Changchun, et al
    Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2022, 18 (3): 247-.  
    Abstract406)      PDF(pc) (1069KB)(284)       Save
    Objective To explore the application effect of silicone gel breast prosthesis combined with titanium mesh patch in immediate breast reconstruction for early breast cancer (EBC). Methods From March 2018 to May 2021, 42 patients with EBC who underwent breast reconstruction with silicone gel breast prosthesis and titanium mesh patch after nipple-areola complex sparing mastectomy (NSM) were retrospectively analyzed. The intraoperative conditions, postoperative complications, breast aesthetic effect and long-term follow-up results were analyzed. Results All 42 patients completed the operation successfully, and the operative time was (139.36±2.87) min, the intraoperative blood loss was (85.76±4.23) mL, the total drainage volume was(1 262.53±17.65) mL, and the extubation time was (9.61±2.67) days. The incidence of postoperative NAC ischemia was 11.90% (5/42), the incidence of wound infection/poor healing was 4.76% (2/42), and the incidence of seroma was 2.38% (1/42). There was no postoperative implant displacement/exposure/loss, but 4 cases (9.52%, 4/42) showed mild capsular contracture. The aesthetic effect of breast reconstruction was related to patients' BMI and breast ptosis. For patients with normal BMI and no/mild breast ptosis, the aesthetic effect of breast reconstruction was good, and the excellent rate of breast reconstruction in 42 patients was 83.33% (35/42). No tumor recurrence or distant metastasis was observed during 3-37 months of follow-up. Conclusion For appropriate patients with early breast cancer, silicone gel breast implant combined with titanium mesh patch for immediately breast reconstruction after NSM is feasible, the near-term tumor safety and the aesthetic effect of breast reconstruction are accurate, and it is worthy of clinical promotion. 
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    New advances in the study of scaffold materials for cartilage tissue engineering
    YUE Guangren, WANG Ximei, LI Yu
    Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2023, 19 (4): 408-413.  
    Abstract405)      PDF(pc) (875KB)(1149)       Save
    Lacking blood vessels and nerve nourishment, cartilage has limited ability to repair and regenerate. Combining scaffolds, cells and active factors, tissue engineering has been considered as an important new direction for repairing cartilage injury. Scaffold plays an important role in the cartilage regeneration process, not only providing a support site for cell adhesion, but also improving the local microenvironment and affecting cell proliferation and differentiation. Many materials have been used to make biodegradable scaffolds: natural materials, synthetic materials and composite materials. In this paper, the materials that have been relatively widely used in cartilage tissue engineering were reviewed so as to provide valuable reference for researchers in this field.
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    Novel man-machine cooperative robot-assisted craniotomy: A pilot animal experiment on feasibility and safety 
    LI Xingzhou, ZHANG Ziwei, YAN Yingjie, CHEN Xiaojun, ZHANG Yan
    Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2022, 18 (4): 289-.  
    Abstract385)      PDF(pc) (900KB)(220)       Save
    Objective To introduce a novel man-machine cooperative robot, and to carry out animal experimental study on its feasibility of assisting craniotomy. Methods Four beagles underwent craniotomy. Titanium nails were implanted into the skull before preoperative CT scans. During the craniotomy, the head was immobilized and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was adopted for intraoperative scans. The robot and head were registered by an end-effector with labeled steel balls. The pre-operative design was aligned to the titanium nails in intra-operative CT scans. Safety was assessed by rate of dural tears and postoperative complications. Accuracy was evaluated by coincidence rate of the cranial window and deviation between preoperative design and postoperative CT scans. Results All operations were successful. No dural tears or postoperative complications were observed. The mean coincidence rate of the cranial window was 94.08%±2.32%. The absolute error of the center point of the drilling holes was (0.9394±0.1497) mm, with an angle error of 3.37° ±1.47° . The mean linear deviation value was (1.056±0.129) mm in the upper surface, and (1.087±0.096) mm in the lower surface. Conclusion Thisnovel man-machine cooperative robot is feasible and safe for assisting craniotomy. More technique should be integrated in its next generation for more convenient use.
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    Clinical effects and prognosis of oral sirolimus in the treatment of abdominal lymphatic malformations
    XU Zhenguo, CHEN Tao, TAI Maozhong, et al
    Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (4): 434-.  
    Abstract369)      PDF(pc) (9690KB)(13)       Save
    Objective  To observe the clinical effect and prognosis of oral sirolimus in the treatment of abdominal lymphatic malformations. Methods From March 2020 to August 2022, clinical data of 5 patients with abdominal lymphatic malformations treated with oral sirolimus were retrospectively analyzed. Results  All patients had abdominal pain before admission and were treated with oral sirolimus for 2 years. Subjective evaluation of clinical symptom improvement: Progress in 0 case, stability in 2 cases, improvement in 3 cases, cure in 0 case. Objective evaluation of lesion improvement: Grade Ⅰ(poor) in 2 cases, grade Ⅱ( medium) in 0 cases, grade Ⅲ( good) in 1 case, grade Ⅳ( excellent) in 2 cases. During the treatment, 2 patients developed oral ulcers and 1 patients developed mild anemia, all of which were improved after symptomatic treatment. All patients had no serious complication. After 1 year of follow-up, abdominal pain and other symptoms did not appear again, and the tumors of 3 cases (macrocystic lymphatic malformations) were significantly reduced, and 2 cases (microcystic lymphatic malformations) did not show significant tumor growth. Conclusion Sirolimus is safe and effective in the treatment of abdominal lymphatic malformations, and can significantly relieve abdominal discomfort symptoms, especially for macrocystic lymphatic malformations, with significant tumor size reduction and satisfactory results. 
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    The significance of macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses in the evaluation of material biocompatibility

    LI Shijie, JIANG Aili, LIU Yu, et al
    Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2022, 18 (5): 436-.  
    Abstract360)      PDF(pc) (632KB)(340)       Save
    With the rapid development of material science and immunology, more and more biomaterials are being used in the field of regenerative medicine. The inflammatory and foreign body reactions caused by materials implanted in tissues are obstacles to tissue repair and regeneration, and are also important elements in the biocompatibility evaluation of products. The intensity and duration of the inflammatory response directly affects the histocompatibility and effectiveness of biomaterials. Macrophages are the key immune cells that dominate the inflammatory response and fibrosis, and the number and behaviour of macrophages can reflect whether the material has good biocompatibility. At present, many researchers aim to modulate and induce macrophages in biomaterials, and similarly, biomaterials compatibility evaluation should also focus on macrophages to optimize and improve existing biological evaluation methods and enhance biocompatibility evaluation. In this paper, the progress of biomaterials compatibility evaluation and the interaction between biomaterials and macrophages were reviewed, focusing on the "double-edged sword" role of macrophages in tissue repair and foreign body reaction, aiming to provide researchers in the biomaterials evaluation industry with optimized evaluation methods, innovative ideas and theoretical basis to advance the development of the medical device industry.
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    Application of bioactive glasses on soft tissue repair 
    LI Wenbo, ZHANG Haoran, GUO Feng, YANG Songlin.
    Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2022, 18 (4): 345-.  
    Abstract350)      PDF(pc) (509KB)(397)       Save
    Bioactive glasses (BGs) have been widely used in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. It can produce hydroxy carbonate apatite (HCA) when contact with body fluids, and thus closely bind with bone tissue, so it is often used in the replacement, regeneration and repair of bone defects or teeth. With the development of technology and bioactive materials, more and more evidence has proved the potential of BGs in soft tissue repair. BGs itself has antibacterial effect, which has obvious advantages in soft tissue repair. By changing its composition or combining with different materials such as functional ions, polymers and biological factors, BGs can promote wound healing more quickly and effectively. In this paper, the development of BGs was reviewed, and the possible mechanism of BGs accelerating wound repair was discussed by comparing with the mechanism of wound repair. Finally, the research trend of BGs in wound repair was interpreted.
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