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Diagnosis and treatment of vascular anomalies in the era of precision medicine YANG Xiaonan, ZHANG Ye Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (6): 599-.   Abstract （200）      PDF（pc） （1038KB）（1522）       Knowledge map    Save Vascular anomalies are classified into hemangiomas and vascular malformations， representing a group of diseases that include （but not limited to） more than 30 types of hemangiomas， over 60 types of vascular malformations， and more than 20 syndromes related to vascular anomalies. Deepening understanding and improving diagnosis and treatment have always been the focus and difficulty in clinical work. With the continuous advancement of medical science and technology， the diagnosis and treatment of vascular anomalies are rapidly entering a new medical era-the era of precision medicine. Precision medicine relies on in-depth research of molecular mechanisms， advanced diagnostic technologies， personalized treatment plans and multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment mode， and its clinical expansion and promotion in clinical practice have brought revolutionary changes to the diagnosis and treatment of vascular anomalies. In this paper， the progress and future development direction of the diagnosis and treatment of vascular anomalies in the era of precision medicine were reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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#br# Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (6): 702-.   Abstract （223）      PDF（pc） （1165KB）（1163）       Knowledge map    Save Distal arthrogryposis represents a group of congenital malformations with genetic factors， and distal arthrogryposis type 9 is attributed to mutations in the FBN2 gene. Differing from other subtypes where muscular tissues are affected，FBN2 gene mutation primarily impacts the embryonic development of connective tissues， giving rise to distinctive clinical phenotypes. To date， the specific pathogenic mechanisms of this condition remain elusive. In this paper， the recent research progress of distal arthrogryposis type 9 was reviewed， aiming to enhance our understanding of the disease. With the advancement and widespread use of sequencing technologies， the potential discovery of additional mutation loci and patient cohorts holds promise for elucidating genotype-phenotype correlations. Furthermore， there is a pressing need to promote the development of appropriate cellular and animal models to further elucidate its pathogenic mechanisms， offering novel avenues for disease diagnosis and therapeutic interventions. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research on positive psychological qualities， negative emotions， and quality of life in adult patients with port-wine stain WANG Wanyi, HU Jiahua, YU Wenxin, et al Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (6): 693-.   Abstract （144）      PDF（pc） （1036KB）（1027）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To understand the current status of positive psychological qualities （hope trait， self-compassion）， anxiety， depression， and quality of life in adult patients with port-wine stain （PWS）， and to provide a basis for implementing psychological interventions from the perspective of positive psychology. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to select 119 adult patients with fresh red nevus who underwent pulsed dye laser treatment from March to June 2023 as the study subjects. The survey tools included a general information questionnaire， Herth Hope Index， Self-Compassion Scale， Depression Screening Scale， Anxiety Screening Scale， and Health Status Questionnaire. Correlation analysis between variables was conducted. Results The average score of hope trait in 119 PWS patients was 30.8±7.7， with 16.0% of patients having low levels of hope trait， and the self-compassion score was 82.4±10.9. 48.7% of patients were positive for depression， and 65.5% of patients were positive for anxiety. The average score of quality of life was 68.3±12.5. There was a significant negative correlation between positive psychological qualities （hope trait， self-compassion） and negative emotions （anxiety， depression）， and a significant positive correlation between positive psychological qualities （hope trait， self-compassion） and quality of life （P<0.05）. Conclusion The positive psychological qualities of adult PWS patients are at a moderate level， with experiencing negative emotions such as anxiety and depression， leading to decreased quality of life. Positive psychological qualities are key factors in improving negative emotions and enhancing quality of life in PWS patients， and personalized intervention strategies for positive psychological qualities can be explored in the future. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Preparation and application of collagen-based biomaterials in bone and cartilage regeneration and repair DUAN Jing, YANG Bing Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (6): 707-.   Abstract （396）      PDF（pc） （1040KB）（916）       Knowledge map    Save Collagen-based biomaterials can be used as ideal biomaterials for bone and cartilage regeneration and repair due to their good biological activity and biocompatibility. However， due to the weak macroscopic mechanical properties of collagen， which cannot meet the mechanical requirements of natural cartilage and bone tissue， the mechanical properties are often improved by cross-linking modification. In addition， different material forms require different forming technologies. In this paper， the cross-linking methods and forming technologies of collagen-based biomaterials were reviewed， and the construction of collagen scaffolds and the selection of implanted cells for bone and cartilage regeneration and repair in recent years were summarized， aiming to provide clues and ideas for the development of collagen-based biomaterials preparation technology and the transformation of clinical applications. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research progress of copper-based nanoparticles and copper-containing antibacterial implants FU Guangjie, HUANG Leiyun, BAI Zhenglin, et al Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2025, 21 (1): 93-.   Abstract （198）      PDF（pc） （1065KB）（908）       Knowledge map    Save  Due to the excessive and unreasonable use of antibiotics， the incidence of bacterial resistance and the improvement of drug resistance have gradually become a serious problem faced by orthopedic medical workers. Therefore， it is necessary to find an antibacterial agent with excellent antibacterial ability， excellent biocompatibility and not easy to produce drug resistance， which can replace antibiotics for orthopedic clinical. At present， scholars at home and abroad have proved that copper-based nanoparticles have small size， large specific surface area， excellent antimicrobial performance and are not easy to produce drug resistance. In the future， there is hope to replace antibiotics in clinical applications. In this paper， the main antibacterial mechanisms， biocompatibility， biological control of copper-based nanoparticles and the research progress of orthopedic copper-containing implants were reviewed. The existing problems and challenges of copper-based nanoparticles and copper-containing antibacterial implants were discussed， and the future of such antibacterial materials was prospected， so as to promote the clinical application of copper-based nanoparticles and orthopedic copper-containing antibacterial implants. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The application of artificial intelligence（AI）in rhinoplasty PAN Xingyi, LI Zijun, ZHEN Yonghuan, et al Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (6): 659-.   Abstract （387）      PDF（pc） （1055KB）（661）       Knowledge map    Save With the advancement of medical technology and the improvement of patients' demand for personalized aesthetics， rhinoplasty has become one of the most challenging surgeries in plastic surgery. It requires not only precise anatomical knowledge but also a surgical plan that incorporates the patient's unique facial features and aesthetic expectations. In recent years， the application of artificial intelligence （AI） in the medical field has been booming， with its data analysis capabilities and automation offering new solutions for rhinoplasty. This review aimed to explore the specific applications of AI in rhinoplasty， including how AI can be used for preoperative planning， surgical navigation， and postoperative evaluation. By analyzing the key roles of AI in rhinoplasty， this paper highlighted the importance of AI in enhancing surgical precision， personalized design， and outcome predictability. Additionally， it discussed the potential value of AI in optimizing surgical plans， reducing complication risks， and improving patient satisfaction. Moreover， this paper addressed the limitations of AI in rhinoplasty， particularly its applicability in clinical decision-making and the challenge of insufficient personalization in aesthetic design， and prospected the future improvement direction of the AI technology and its further potential in rhinoplasty. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Application and research progress of digital technology in breast augmentation with implants YUAN Guohao, ZENG Li, WANG Haibin Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (6): 653-.   Abstract （143）      PDF（pc） （1045KB）（587）       Knowledge map    Save Breast augmentation is the second most in-demand cosmetic surgery worldwide. With the rise of precision and minimally invasive concepts， digital technology has evolved， including 3D scanning imaging， digital endoscopy， and a variety of digital photographic examinations that are widely used in breast augmentation. These techniques help operators to accurately assess breast morphology before surgery， precisely control the process during surgery， and accurately and conveniently follow up after surgery， thus maximizing the benefits to patients. In this paper， the application and research progress of digital technology in breast implant augmentation were reviewed in order to provide reference and theoretical basis for clinical surgery and follow-up. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effect of Yes-related protein on the survival rate of fat transplantation and its mechanism LIU Yuxin, SUN Jiaming, YU Li Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (6): 672-.   Abstract （202）      PDF（pc） （8525KB）（431）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the effect of YAP on fat graft survival and its possible mechanism. Methods 3T3L1 cells were cultured in vitro and treated with YAP siRNA or YAP-overexpression plasmids carried by lentiviral vectors，resulting in the following groups： negative control siRNA （NC）， YAP-si1， YAP-si2， and YAP-si3； lentiviral vector（Vector） and YAP-overexpression （YAP）. Cell proliferation was assessed using EdU staining. Differentiation into adipocyteswas induced， and early and late stages of differentiation were analyzed by Oil Red O staining， with lipid droplet accumulationquantified using Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software. Triglyceride content was measured using a triglyceride assay kit， and PCR andWestern blot were used to assess the expression of genes and proteins related to adipocyte differentiation. For in vivo experiments， a subcutaneous fat transplantation model in nude mice was established. A total of 8 mice were randomly divided into NC siRNA group， YAP knockdown （si-YAP） group， adeno-associated virus （AAV） vector group， and YAP overexpression （AAV-YAP） groups， with 2 mice per group. Each mouse received 0.2 mL of fat injection at four different sites， totaling 0.8 mL. Subsequent injections of 0.2 mL of NC siRNA， YAP siRNA， AAV vector， or AAV vector-mediated YAP-overexpression plasmid were administered into the transplanted fat. Fat was collected at 1，2， and 4 weeks post transplantation， and fat weight and volume were measured to evaluate survival rates. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunofluorescence were used to examine fat structure， number of oil droplets， and viable adipocytes. Results In cell experiments， YAP knockdown did not significantly affect proliferation or apoptosis of 3T3-L1 cells compared to controls， but resulted in increased Oil Red O staining area （P<0.05）， higher triglyceride content （P<0.05）， and elevated expression of adipogenic genes and proteins （P<0.05）. Conversely， YAP overexpression led to increased proliferation of 3T3-L1 cells with unchanged apoptosis rates， decreased Oil Red O staining area （P<0.05）， lower triglyceride content （P<0.05）， and reduced expression of adipogenic genes and proteins （P<0.05） compared to the lentiviral vector group. In animal experiments， the si-YAP group exhibited increased fat weight and volume， more intact fat structure， reduced oil droplet number， and more viable adipocytes compared to the NC group. In contrast， the AAV-YAP group had decreased fat weight and volume， less intact fat structure， increased oil droplet number， and fewer viable adipocytes compared to the AAV vector group. Conclusion YAP significantly inhibits the survival rate of transplanted fat. Furthermore， YAP affects 3T3-L1 adipogenesis by modulating the PPARγ pathway. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Expression of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in scar cancer tissues and effect of TAK-242 on scar cancer cells HUO Wenliang, TIAN Xiaorui, ZHANG Jinruo, et al Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2025, 21 (1): 14-.   Abstract （432）      PDF（pc） （7568KB）（423）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To analyze the expression of Toll like receptor 4（TLR4） and nuclear factor kappa B （NF-κB） in scar cancer tissues， and to investigate the effect of TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 on scar cancer cells. Methods 20 cases of normal skin tissue， 20 cases of hypertrophic scar tissue， and 20 cases of scar cancer tissue were collected. Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） were used to detect the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB protein and mRNA. The relationship between the expression of TLR4， NF-κB and clinical pathological factors such as patient gender， age， and tumor differentiation degree was analyzed. Scar cancer cells were cultured in vitro and treated with TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242. Cell proliferation activity was detected by MTT assay， and the expression of TLR4， NF- κB， MMP9， and TGF-β1 proteins was detected by Western blot assay. Results Compared with the control group， the expression of TLR4， NF-κB protein and mRNA in scar tissue and scar cancer tissue was significantly increased（P< 0.05）； Compared with scar tissue， the expression of TLR4， NF-κB protein and mRNA in scar cancer tissue was significantly increased （P<0.05）. The expression of TLR4 and NF- κB in scar cancer tissue was related to the degree of tumor differentiation （P<0.05）. After intervention with TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242， the proliferation activity of scar cancer cells was  significantly reduced （P<0.05）， and the protein expression of TLR4， NF- κB， MMP9， and TGF-β1 was downregulated （P< 0.05）. Conclusion The TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway is involved in the pathological process of scar tissue carcinogenesis， and the TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 can inhibit scar cancer proliferation， which is expected to become a new target for scar tissue treatment. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research progress on the age-related changes in facial skin in Chinese women LU Nan, HUANG Tao, SONG Jiao, et al Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2025, 21 (2): 205-.   Abstract （243）      PDF（pc） （1033KB）（358）       Knowledge map    Save Skin is the largest organ in the human body and serves as the boundary between the internal and external environments. The aging process of facial skin is influenced by various factors， such as exposure to sunlight， environmental pollution， and lifestyle habits. Over time， facial skin exhibits typical signs of aging， including wrinkles， sagging， roughness， pigmentation， uneven skin tone， dryness， and decreased elasticity. With the rapid development of the economy and people's pursuit of a high-quality life， the quest for face rejuvenation has gained increasing attention. In this paper， research progress of age-related changes in facial skin among Chinese women was reviewed to offer theoretical support for the development of skincare products and the treatment practices of dermatologists. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Application of supermicrosurgical lymphaticovenular anastomosis in the treatment of limb lymphedema LIU Changrui, WANG Hejun, WANG Yingying, et al Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2025, 21 (1): 77-.   Abstract （176）      PDF（pc） （8710KB）（288）       Knowledge map    Save The treatment of limb lymphedema includes conservative treatment （non-surgical） and surgical treatment. Conservative treatment can not solve the drainage dysfunction of the lymphatic system and solve the potential physiological dysfunction of the lymphatic system， and therefore can not effectively prevent the progression of the disease. Physiologic reconstruction for drainage function is particularly important. With the in-depth study of lymphatic system and the development of microsurgical technology， supermicrosurgical lymphaticovenular anastomosis has been widely used in clinical practice because of its significant long-term efficacy， less trauma， fewer surgical complications and low cost. In this paper， the relevant domestic and foreign literatures were reviewed from the three aspects： The development of lymphaticovenular anastomosis， the operation methods， the existing problems and the solutions， to provide reference for the selection of surgical methods. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The perioperative nursing of breast reconstruction using profunda artery perforator（ PAP） flap ZHOU Xiaoping, DI Meihua, HE Minmin Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2025, 21 (2): 134-.   Abstract （105）      PDF（pc） （1040KB）（278）       Knowledge map    Save Objective　 To explore the perioperative nursing care for patients undergoing breast reconstruction with profunda artery perforator （PAP） flap. Methods　Sixteen patients who underwent breast reconstruction with PAP flap were provided with preoperative psychological care， dietary preparation， postoperative dietary care， and local wound care. Clinical nursing points were summarized. Results　The patients recovered well after surgery， were satisfied with the surgical outcomes， and were discharged smoothly. Conclusion　Close observation of the dynamic changes in the patient's condition， along with sufficient， standardized， and effective nursing are important guarantees for the success of the surgery. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Analysis of sex and age-related differences in lower eyelids morphology：A three-dimensional image digital study based on the Chinese population CHI Yarong, SUN Yixin, JIN Lin, et al Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (6): 623-.   Abstract （144）      PDF（pc） （8367KB）（260）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To provide comprehensive anthropometric data on the lower eyelid region among different age and gender groups of Chinese individuals through three-dimensional imaging analysis. Methods Sixty-two healthy subjects aged 20-35 and 50-65 were recruited to acquire their three-dimensional facial images. Utilizing 27 landmarks， a total of 37 lower eyelid measurement indicators were established， comprising of 21 straight lines，5 curvatures，4 angles，2 areas， and 5 ratios. The age and gender characteristics of the lower eyelid were summarized by comparing the measurement results among different age groups and gender groups. Results Compared to females， longer palpebral fissure， lower tear troughs and lidcheek junction， smaller inner and outer canthal angles， as well as a larger area and proportion of the lower eyelid region were found in males. With aging， there is a gradual reduction in the height of the palpebral fissure and inner canthal angle，accompanied by sagging of the tear trough and lid-cheek junction， enlargement of the lower eyelid area， and swelling of the lower eyelid. Conclusion The proportion of the eyebrow-eye unit occupied by the lower eyelid region is greater in males than in females. In elderly individuals， there is a noticeable sagging of the tear trough and lid-cheek junction， accompanied by swelling of the lower palpebral region. These findings can serve as a valuable reference for cosmetic procedures and oculoplastic surgery. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Three-dimensional imaging study of nasal basal depression XU Yang, ZHANG Liyuan, DING Wei, et al Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (6): 632-.   Abstract （200）      PDF（pc） （1755KB）（241）       Knowledge map    Save Objective By comparing the Cone beam CT （CBCT） of bone class Ⅲ and normal occlusion， the difference of bony nasal base between them was compared to provide the basis for the diagnosis and treatment of nasal base depression. Methods From January 2020 to December 2023，40 patients （20 cases of bone class Ⅲ and 20 cases of normal occlusion） were selected， and the CBCT related data were measured and imported into Simplant pro 11.04 software for threedimensional fixed-point pointing， and the differences of nasal base between the two groups were compared. Results There were statistically significant differences in the absolute/relative protrusion of the upper alveolar seat point， the absolute/ relative protrusion of the anterior nasal point， the absolute/relative protrusion of the bilateral paranasal and infraorbital points， the absolute/relative protrusion of the bilateral paranasal points， and the absolute/relative protrusion of the bilateral canine socket between the patients with bone class Ⅲ and the patients with normal combination （P<0.05）. Conclusion CBCT has certain significance in the auxiliary diagnosis of nasal base depression， and after three-dimensional reconstruction measurement， the points A， AN， B3， mid-ParaN-D-IF and ParaN of bony Ⅲ patients are moved back compared with those of normal patients. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The adaptation of the teaching and evaluation model of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education to the Chinese standardized training of plastic surgeons GAO Bowen, QIAO Congzhen, WANG Chen, et al Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2025, 21 (1): 107-.   Abstract （179）      PDF（pc） （1020KB）（228）       Knowledge map    Save Under the background that there are still many deficiencies in the teaching and evaluation system of domestic standardized training of plastic surgeons， this paper explored the outcome-based education and assessment model of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education （ACGME） in the United States， which can serve as a reference for domestic standardized training of plastic surgeons. Firstly， the paper introduced the ACGME’s educational content based on core competencies and its outcome-based assessment methods. Additionally， two teaching cases were presented to demonstrate practical application methods， aiming to familiarize instructors at domestic plastic surgeons training with the core competency-based educational philosophy and outcome-based assessment system. This paper provided valuable insights for improving the quality of standardized training of plastic surgeons and can also guide training bases in observing， practicing， and reforming their education in the future to enhance the quality and skill level of plastic surgeons. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Automated cephalometric analysis of craniomaxillofacial deformities based on artificial intelligence technologies XU Meng, LUO Zhaoyang, SONG Tao Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (6): 605-.   Abstract （150）      PDF（pc） （5192KB）（217）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To develop a new automatic landmark detection framework for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with severe craniomaxillofacial （CMF） deformities， addressing the issues of limited data quantity and large morphological differences. Methods This study proposed a method based on a three-dimensional （3D） point cloud deformation model and deep learning networks. First， normal human data was deformed to simulate severe CMF patient data for data augmentation. Then， a coarse-to-fine strategy was adopted， where initial coarse localization of landmarks was performed using a 3D point cloud convolutional neural network （CNN） semantic segmentation model， followed by fine localization using different models based on whether the landmarks are located in bone defect areas. Results The experiments demonstrated that the proposed method outperformed existing technologies in the detection of both normal and defective landmarks. The average errors for normal landmarks and defective landmarks detected under CT scanning were 1.19 mm and 1.13 mm， respectively， and under CBCT scanning were 0.91 mm and 0.94 mm， respectively. Conclusion The new method can effectively improve the accuracy of landmark detection for severe CMF deformities， which is significant for clinical surgical design and patient treatment. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Application of case⁃based learning assisted by digitization in the clinical teaching of oral and cranio-maxillofacial deformities NIE Ping, YANG Zhi, YU Liyuan, et al Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2025, 21 (2): 211-.   Abstract （119）      PDF（pc） （1914KB）（184）       Knowledge map    Save Objective　 To evaluate the application effect of case-based learning assisted by digitization in clinical teaching of oral and cranio-maxillofacial deformities. Methods　A total of 40 students from College of Stomatology， Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were randomly divided into control group （n=20） and experimental group （n=20）. Students in control group received traditional teaching method with theoretical lectures， while students in experimental group received CBL assisted by digitization teaching method on the basis of traditional theoretical lectures. Theoretical knowledge， practical comprehensive ability assessment scores， and questionnaire survey of two teaching methods were evaluated. Results　 In terms of theoretical scores and clinical practice assessments， the experimental group performed significantly better than the control group， with a statistically significant difference（ P<0.05）. The students' experience ratings in control group and experimental group were 6.1±0.64 and 8.5±0.76， respectively， with a statistically significant difference（ P<0.05）. Questionnaire surveys showed that CBL assisted by digitization teaching method had received more positive feedback from students in terms of lively， interesting， and satisfactory courses， compared to traditional teaching method. Conclusion　The  application of CBL assisted by digitization teaching method is helpful to improve students' mastery of theoretical knowledge and increase their learning interest， and is an effective teaching method for improving and enhancing the practical application of oral clinical teaching. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Application of 3D printing and virtual reality technology in the medical imaging teaching of skull base nerve ZHAO Lulu, DAI Xiaoqing, LI Xiaomin, et al Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (6): 713-.   Abstract （157）      PDF（pc） （3815KB）（180）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To explore the application value and teaching effect of 3D printing and virtual reality in the medical imaging teaching of skull base nerve for medical students. Methods From September 2021 to September 2022，25 students from the dental base who received standardized training in the Department of Radiology were selected as the research subjects and were randomly divided into two groups， the experimental group （n=12） and the control group （n=13）. The 3D teaching models of skull base nerve was developed according to the requirements of the teaching syllabus， through discussion with teaching and research staff in the department of image diagnostics. The teaching model based on virtual reality technology was established through the web platform， which include two parts： background management and front-end learning. The total teaching time of both groups is 25 hours， including 20 hours of theoretical lectures and 5 hours of practical lectures. The teaching methods based on 3D printing and virtual reality were used in the experimental group for theoretical teaching， while the traditional teaching mode was used in the control group. Both groups of students took comprehensive examinations， and the assessment results of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Students in the experimental group filled out the teaching quality questionnaire to evaluate the quality of 3D printing molds and the learning effect of virtual teaching models. Results The comprehensive assessment results of the experimental group （87.22±15.86） were better than those in the  control group （57.35±25.27）， and the difference was statistically significant （P=0.037）. The students in the experimental group gave good evaluations in terms of teaching quality and teaching satisfaction. They wanted to be exposed to more of these molds and were willing to recommend this learning method to other students. Conclusion The application of 3D printing and virtual reality technology in the imaging teaching of skull base nerve has good teaching quality and exact teaching effect，which is worthy of further promotion and verification in the teaching of complex anatomical imaging Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research progress on clinical manifestation，genetic mechanisms and surgical treatment related to craniofrontonasal dysplasia LIU Anna, TANG Xiaojun Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2025, 21 (1): 88-.   Abstract （134）      PDF（pc） （1008KB）（176）       Knowledge map    Save Craniofrontonasal dysplasia is a congenital craniofacial development disorder with special X-linked inheritance， its clinical manifestations are highly variable， and the manifestations of female and male patients are different. The number and severity of clinical manifestations of the former are significantly higher than those of the latter. Since it was reported in 1979 by Cohen， people have conducted in-depth exploration of its clinical manifestations， genetic mechanism and surgical treatment methods， promoting the understanding and treatment of the disease. However， at present， people's understanding of craniofrontonasal dysplasia is still relatively limited， and surgical treatment often fails to achieve satisfactory results， besides， there are few literature reports on it. In this paper， the clinical manifestation， genetic mechanism and surgical treatment of craniofrontonasal dysplasia were reviewed， in order to raise awareness of craniofrontonasal dysplasia. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Personalized perioral aesthetics intervention program based on contemporary popular aesthetics WU Siqiao, YU Nanze, LIU Xiaojing, et al Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (6): 638-.   Abstract （208）      PDF（pc） （1459KB）（146）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To explore the contemporary public's preferences and demands for lip aesthetics， and to summarize corresponding aesthetic intervention strategies. Methods This study adopted the form of online questionnaire， collecting 1 000 valid responses between October 2023 and November 2023， to investigate respondents’ preferences for different lip shapes. Furthermore，12 experienced experts were invited to summarize corresponding aesthetic intervention strategies. Results The survey results identified the top five popular lip shapes among contemporary Chinese individuals. Experts discussed and summarized the aesthetic features and treatment plan suggestions of the lip shapes. Conclusion This study summarized the aesthetic preferences of the contemporary public towards lip shapes， providing a reference for precision treatment plans in lip aesthetics. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）