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Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2021, 20 (04): 317-337.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2021.04.001 Abstract （11909）   HTML （628）    PDF（pc） （3337KB）（10442）       Knowledge map    Save Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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China Alzheimer Report 2024 WANG Gang, QI Jinlei, LIU Xinya, REN Rujing, LIN Shaohui, HU Yisong, LI Haixia, XIE Xinyi, WANG Jintao, LI Jianping, ZHU Yikang, GAO Mengyi, YANG Junjie, WANG Yiran, JING Yurong, GENG Jieli, ZHI Nan, CAO Wenwei, XU Qun, YU Xiaoping, ZHU Yuan, ZHOU Ying, WANG Lin, GAO Chao, LI Binyin, CHEN Shengdi, YUAN Fang, DOU Ronghua, LIU Xiaoyun, LI Xuena, YIN Yafu, CHANG Yan, XU Gang, XIN Jiawei, ZHONG Yanting, LI Chunbo, WANG Ying, ZHOU Maigeng, CHEN Xiaochun, representing the China Alzheimer's Disease Report Writing Group Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2024, 23 (03): 219-256.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2024.03.001 Abstract （13696）   HTML （982）    PDF（pc） （3340KB）（10031）       Knowledge map    Save With the sustained growth of economy and significant changes in social demographics, the issue of elderly-related diseases has increasingly drawn attention particularly. Alzheimer's disease (AD),as a representative disease of neurodegenerative diseases has become a major challenge, affecting the health and quality of life among the elderly population severely. In recent years, the incidence, prevalence, and mortality rate of AD increase in China, imposing substantial economic burdens on families, society, and the entire healthcare system. To proactively address this challenge and respond to the national 'Healthy China Action' initiative, leading experts from Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,and Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Chronic Non-communicable Disease Control Center, Fudan University School of Public Health, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Fujian Medical University, and other authoritative institutions, have jointly authored the 'China Alzheimer Disease Report 2024'. Building upon previous editions of 2021, 2022, and 2023, this report updates epidemiological data on AD in China, thoroughly analyzes the latest economic burdens of the disease, and comprehensively evaluates the current status of AD diagnosis and treatment services, as well as the allocation of public health resources in our country. The release of the 'China Alzheimer Disease Report 2024' not only reflects China's progress and efforts in AD research and prevention, but also underscores the social heightened concern for elderly health issues. It aims to provide scientific and technical guidance and robust data support for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of AD, offering a professional basis for the government and relevant departments to formulate targeted health policies and intervention measures. Furthermore, it serves as a platform for promoting academic exchanges and cooperation in this field domestically and internationally. Through the dissemination and application of this report, we anticipate it will not only serve as a reference for professionals but also enhance public awareness of AD, promote active participation across various sectors of society, and jointly advance the development of elderly health care in China, empowering us towards achieving 'healthy aging'. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of Peer Feedback on EFL Learners' Pragmatic Acquisition WEI Ran Contemporary Foreign Languages Studies    2017, 17 (03): 96-102.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2017.03.017 Abstract （369）      PDF（pc） （1262KB）（7039）       Knowledge map    Save This study investigated the effects of two types of peer feedback, i.e., peer prompts and peer recasts, on the acquisition of request speech act, i.e., comprehensive and productive acquisition, by 102 non-English majors. Through the experimental design of pretest, posttest, and delayed posttest, it revealed that, peer prompts and peer recasts facilitated learners' pragmatic acquisition in which both experimental groups significantly improved pragmatic comprehensive competence, irrespective of feedback type, while peer prompts group performed significantly better than peer recasts group in pragmatic production. In terms of effect durability, both of them were durable for pragmatic comprehension, but the effect of peer recasts faded away in pragmatic production compared with that of peer prompts. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Interpretation on the report of global stroke data 2022 TANG Chunhua, GUO Lu, LI Qiong, ZHANG Lili Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (03): 238-246.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.03.06 Abstract （7010）   HTML （279）    PDF（pc） （2270KB）（6641）       Knowledge map    Save In 2022, the World Stroke Organization released two new reports regarding global stroke statistics in the International Journal of Stroke. The reports updated the global incidence and mortality of stroke, evaluated the effects of gender and geographic factors, and provided updated statistics on attributable risk factors associated with stroke. This article briefly interprets the two reports in the context of stroke prevalence and disease burden in China. 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study findings show that stroke remains the second-leading cause of death and the third-leading cause of death and disability combined in the world. From 1990 to 2019, the burden (in terms of the absolute number of cases) increased substantially, with the bulk of the global stroke burden residing in lower-income and lower-middle-income countries. Moreover, people under 70-year-old were observed to have significant increases in stroke prevalence and incidence. The five major risks for stroke globally include high systolic blood pressure, high body mass index, high fasting glucose, environmental particulate matter pollution, and smoking. Stroke prevention and treatment in China are facing great challenges. Stroke has become the leading cause of death and disability among Chinese adults, as well as the leading cause of disability adjusted life year lost. The incidence, prevalence and mortality of stroke in China are geographically high in the north, low in the south and prominent in the central part of the country; the prevalence is higher in rural areas than that in urban areas; the morbidity and mortality rates are higher in men than those in women; the average age of onset is lower than in developed countries; the overall disease burden of ischemic stroke is on the rise, but that of hemorrhagic stroke is on the decline. The awareness of stroke prevention and treatment was low. In conclusion, it is of strategic importance to actively establish a graded stroke prevention and control system that meets the national conditions. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Chinese interpretation of Japanese Gastric Cancer Treatment Guidelines 2021 (6th edition) and Ruijin clinical practice YAN Chao, LU Sheng, YAN Min, ZHU Zhenggang Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice    2023, 28 (04): 326-354.   DOI: 10.16139/j.1007-9610.2023.04.010 Abstract （1641）   HTML （37）    PDF（pc） （4954KB）（6478）       Knowledge map    Save “Japanese Gastric Cancer Treatment Guidelines” have been important guidelines for the treatment of gastric cancer in Japan and worldwide. The English version “Japanese Gastric Cancer Treatment Guidelines 2021 (6th Edition)” published in January 2023 consists of two parts. The first part includes diagnostic and treatment methods, such as surgery, endoscopic resection, chemotherapy, follow-up. The second part addresses clinical issues, including recommendations and explanations for clinical hot topics. This article will provide a Chinese interpretation of the guidelines and briefly introduce our hospital's clinical practice in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2021, 17 (6): 1-.   Abstract （628）      PDF（pc） （2707KB）（6428）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Global Structural Strength Analysis Methodology of a Typical TLP Yang LI, Zhong-min SHI, Bin XIE, Wen-hui XIE Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    2014, 1 (1): 3-13.   Abstract （547）   HTML （3）    PDF（pc） （3686KB）（6171）       Knowledge map    Save We focus on the global structure strength analysis of a typical tension leg platform (TLP). The objective of the TLP global structural analysis is to check the hull global structural integrity under design environmental conditions. Firstly, a global finite element model of the entire TLP is established, the hull structure is modeled in detail, whilst the deck structure is represented through a simplified deck beam model. A hydrodynamic analysis for operation and extreme conditions is conducted to get the design wave parameters for critical wave loads. After that, wave loads are mapped to the global structure finite element model, and the tendons are modeled as spring element which represents 6 degrees of freedom and rotations. Finally, the maximum stress and its distribution trends, together with the control elements, are obtained by finite element analysis according to critical wave heading, wave periods, wave heights and wave positions. Results and the TLP analysis method proposed can be used as reference for strength analysis of other offshore platforms. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Interpretation of clinical practice guidelines for myelodysplastic syndrome (version 1, 2023) of National Comprehensive Cancer Nerwork(NCCN) SONG Luqian, CHANG Chunkang Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (02): 116-120.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.02.002 Abstract （819）   HTML （32）    PDF（pc） （904KB）（5611）       Knowledge map    Save Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a diverse and common group of myeloid malignant clonal diseases in the hematologic system, with different classification and grouping, clinical manifestations and natural course, and the iteration of different classification systems and versions in history, resulting distress in the correct diagnosis, classification and treatment options. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) released the first version （2023） of Clinical Practice Guidelines for MDS in September 2022. The guideline is based on the clinical practice and standards of high-level evidence and the latest research progress, and its attracts wide attention from clinicians worldwide. Currently, many clinicians in China have insufficient understanding of MDS, and there is still a certain gap with the international diagnosis and treatment level of MDS. This paper interprets the content of the new guidelines, and compares it with the previous guidelines, in order to provide a reference for the standardized diagnosis and treatment of MDS at the current stage in China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Interpretation of Multiple Myeloma Guidelines update (version 2， 2023) of National Comprehensive Cancer Network （NCCN） TAO Yi, MI Jianqing Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (02): 121-126.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.02.003 Abstract （2514）   HTML （76）    PDF（pc） （1042KB）（5454）       Knowledge map    Save Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological malignancy. With the continuous advent of new drugs, the survival of MM patients has been significantly improved, with a median survival of 7-10 years. However, the overall survival of high-risk MM patients is still less than 3 years, and extending the survival of high-risk MM has always been a hot topic in this field. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) released the 2nd version of the MM guidelines for 2023 (2023. v2). Compared with the 5th edition of the MM guidelines for 2022, the update of this guideline in diagnosis is mainly reflected in the detailed description of high-risk MM in tabular form, including both cytogenetic high-risk factors containing 1q21 gain/amplification and clinical high-risk factors, such as extramedullary disease, renal failure and weakness. In terms of treatment, the updated guideline still emphasizes the importance of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the era of new drugs, and indicates that the judgment of whether patients are suitable for transplantation needs to be dynamically adjusted based on the patients’ condition after initial treatment. 2023. v2 upgrades the recommendation of the new generation proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib in initial induction and CD38 monoclonal antibody in maintenance therapy. The combinations of these new drugs with immunomodulatory drug pomalidomide are also listed as the preferred regimens in relapsed patients. The diagnostic techniques for distinguishing high-risk MM and new drugs recommended in the updated guideline are currently available in China, Which greatly enhanc our confidence in the “clinical cure” of MM. A comprehensive interpretation of the 2023. v2 of the guidelines is expected to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic level of clinicians, and further improve the prognosis of China’s MM patient population, especially high-risk patients. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Interpretation of the 2022 edition of “guidelines for diagnosis and management of hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis in China” XU Bojin, PENG Wenfang, HUANG Shan Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice    2023, 28 (06): 512-519.   DOI: 10.16139/j.1007-9610.2023.06.05 Abstract （1629）   HTML （12）    PDF（pc） （889KB）（5015）       Knowledge map    Save “Guidelines for diagnosis and management of hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis in China” (2022) (referred to as the “guidelines”) was officially published in August 2022 in the Chinese Journal of Endocrine Metabolism. These guidelines have been extensively updated from the 2007 version, with 15 sections covering the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hyperthyroidism, as well as the management of specific types of thyrotoxicosis. The new version guidelines proposed 107 recommended opinions supported by stronger evidence, offering comprehensive and reliable guidance for clinical doctors and medical professionals dealing with thyrotoxicosis. This article aimed to extract the key points and recommended strategies from the guidelines to help clinical doctors better understand and apply the latest guiding principles. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Interpretation of the Global Tuberculosis Report 2022 by World Health Organization LIANG Chen, YU Jiajia, TANG Shenjie Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (01): 21-30.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.01.004 Abstract （2102）   HTML （56）    PDF（pc） （1105KB）（4986）       Knowledge map    Save Global Tuberculosis Report 2022 (hereafter referred to as “report”), newly published by the World Health Organization (WHO), states that the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has increased the tuberculosis (TB) disease burden and severely affected global TB prevention and control. In 2021, WHO approved a total of six molecular diagnostic technologies for TB diagnosis and anti-TB drug resistance detection, and three new TB antigen-based skin tests for TB screening were recommended. To reduce the burden on patients and the health system, WHO recommends a 4-month regimen for drug-susceptible TB and four shorter regimens for the treatment of multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB). In addition, there were 26 drugs for TB treatment in clinical trials, and at least 22 clinical trials evaluating drugs and drug regimens for TB treatment were underway. In 2021， the TB epidemic remains severe in China, with the number of newly diagnosed cases ranking third among the 30 countries. In 2021, a total of 639 548 TB cases and 1 763 deaths were reported nationwide, with an incidence of 45.37/100 000 and a mortality of 0.13/100 000. China has the fourth largest number of MDR/RR-TB patients in the world. However, it is necessary to verify whether the regimens for MDR/RR-TB treatment recommended by WHO are suitable for patients in China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2021, 20 (04): 401-406.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2021.04.014 Abstract （390）   HTML （5）    PDF（pc） （551KB）（4626）       Knowledge map    Save Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Evaluation of facial injection filling materials for medical aesthetics ZHAO Chenyu, LI Chongchong, SUN Xue, et al Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2023, 19 (5): 517-.   Abstract （482）      PDF（pc） （874KB）（4584）       Knowledge map    Save With economic development and technological progress, the demand for medical aesthetics has increased sig nificantly, and medical biomaterials are widely used. It is necessary to further improve the evaluation of their effectiveness and safety. At present, the evaluation of its physicochemical properties and biology is adopted in China. However, the clinical effec tiveness is a multi-faceted evaluation without unified criteria. Most of the evaluation mainly adopts objective indicators for quan titative analysis, while subjective feelings are secondary criteria. In this paper, the main facial fillers and the evaluation methods of their physicochemical properties were reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The fifth edition of WHO classification of digestive system tumors: update and progress on biliary system tumors LUO Fangxiu, MA Qianchen, YUAN Fei Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice    2023, 28 (02): 124-131.   DOI: 10.16139/j.1007-9610.2023.02.08 Abstract （1227）   HTML （25）    PDF（pc） （3365KB）（4034）       Knowledge map    Save Overall, there was little change in biliary system tumors of the 5th edition of WHO classification of digestive system tumors after update. The three-tiered classification of biliary intraepithelial neoplasia changed to two-tiered system: high-grade and low-grade, in the section of benign tumors and precancerous lesions. And both intracholecystic and intraductal papillary tumors associated with invasive carcinoma were added. The classification of intrahepatic bile duct tumors introduced parts of bile duct adenoma and bile duct adenofibroma, which were mentioned previously in the differential diagnosis with bile duct carcinoma. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was divided into small bile duct subtype and large bile duct subtype in the 5th edition of WHO classification, and the names of cholangiocellular carcinoma and cholangiole cell carcinoma were no longer recommended to use. Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was listed as a separate part for the first time, including squamous cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma in addition to common histological types. Some new contents of molecular pathology in the 5th edition of WHO classification were added, which provided the basis for precise classification and diagnosis of tumors in biliary system. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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New knowledge of prophylaxis and treatment about cancer-associated thrombosis DING Yongjie, ZHANG Liu, LI Qingyun Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (04): 323-331.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.04.001 Abstract （587）   HTML （23）    PDF（pc） （946KB）（3811）       Knowledge map    Save Cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) is the second leading cause of death in cancer patients, second only to the progression of the tumor. It leads to extended hospitalization and re-hospitalization, resulting in a serious social medical burden. Tumor-specific gene mutations such as JAK2, ALK, and KRAS mutations are closely related to the risk of CAT in patients with solid tumors. Patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors have a high risk of CAT, with a 1-year cumulative incidence rate of 10.86%. Therefore, accurate risk assessment is important. The Khorana risk score (KRS) is the first model to assess CAT risk and has been validated in several studies. The new generation models are based on the improvement of KRS, but they have not yet undergone large-scale external verification, such as the Vienna CAT model, PROTECHT model, and CONKO model. Due to the strong correlation between tumors and CAT, several CAT-related prevention guidelines have been established domestically and abroad. All of these guidelines recommend that patients undergo preventive anticoagulation therapy after tumor surgery. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is the most widely used anticoagulant drug to prevent CAT. New oral anticoagulants (NOAC) are also used to prevent CAT, despite the incidence of hemorrhaging increases, the overall benefits to patients outweigh the risks. The strategy for treating CAT is complex. For patients with non-gastrointestinal tumors, NOAC can be used as a first-line drug, while LMWH is recommended for anticoagulation in patients with gastrointestinal tumors. Since CAT patients receive anticoagulation and anti-tumor therapy at the same time, drug interactions need to be considered to avoid drug-induced bleeding, especially the impact of combined medication on NOAC pharmacokinetics. The ideal length of anticoagulation therapy for CAT remains unclear. Guidelines recommend that patients with CAT should indefinitely continue the anticoagulation therapy after completing 3 to 6 months of initial anticoagulation therapy. Therefore, when determining the course of anticoagulation therapy for cancer patients, physicians should evaluate the risk of recurrence of thrombosis and bleeding, and optimize the treatment plan. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Report on diagnosis and treatment of hemophilia in China 2023 XUE Feng, DAI Jing, CHEN Lixia, LIU Wei, ZHANG Houqiang, WU Runhui, SUN Jing, ZHANG Xinsheng, WU Jingsheng, ZHAO Yongqiang, WANG Xuefeng, YANG Renchi Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (02): 89-115.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.02.001 Abstract （3399）   HTML （102）    PDF（pc） （1494KB）（3780）       Knowledge map    Save In recent years, China attaches great importance to the prevention and treatment of rare diseases. As one of the representative diseases of rare diseases, management of Hemophilia has made great progress in China. From 1986 to 1989, the National Hemophilia Cooperative Group conducted China's hemophilia epidemiological survey according to the unified method and standard, and the results showed that the prevalence of hemophilia was 2.73/100 000, and there was no statistical difference in prevalence among different regions. In 2014, Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of hemophilia in China was 2.8/100 000, and in 2018, based on the data of the urban population of Tianjin, the local prevalence of hemophilia was estimated to be 3.09/100 000. With the comprehensive promotion of the construction of hemophilia hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system, China requires that hospitals applying for hemophilia comprehensive management centers and diagnosis and treatment centers must be able to independently carry out screening tests and confirmatory tests related to hemophilia diagnosis. For diagnosis of hemophilia, most laboratories in China usually adopt the one-stage method (coagulation method) based on the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) for the determination of coagulation factor activity, but it should be noted that more than two activity detection methods are required for some special types of hemophilia. The types of each mutation in the F8 gene of patients in China are similar to those reported in international data, and the mutations in the F9 gene of our patients are mainly single base point mutations, with no mutation hotspots found. As of June 2023, a total of more than 40 000 cases with inherited bleeding disorders registered in 261 centers in China (including hemophilia), through the National Hemophilia Registration System. The history of hemophilia treatment in China has been explored through inadequate on-demand and low-dose prophylaxis, and is now moving towards higher-dose prophylaxis and individualized prophylaxis with higher efficacy. Based on the above registry data and literature, this report comprehensively summarizes the progress of basic and clinical research and medical protection in the field of hemophilia in China, and analyzes the shortcomings for further improvement of hemophilia diagnosis and treatment in China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Can Research with Chinese Characteristics be Universally Accessible? QU Weiguo Contemporary Foreign Languages Studies    2020, 20 (4): 13-26.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2020.04.002 Abstract （311）   HTML （1）    PDF（pc） （2000KB）（3749）       Knowledge map    Save Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Detection rate of gastric polyps and its clinical characteristics in 36 857 subjects in Shanghai ZHOU Yufen, WONG Bokai, LUO Fangxiu, XU Ying, DING Yanfei, YUAN Xiaoqin, CHEN Ping, WU Yunlin Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2020, 19 (04): 420-425.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2020.04.018 Abstract （490）   HTML （0）    PDF（pc） （632KB）（3695）       Knowledge map    Save Objective: To explore the detection rate of gastric polyp (GP) in Shanghai and analyze its clinical characteristics. Methods: A total of 36 857 subjects undergone gastroscopy during December 2012 to May 2019 were enrolled, and the detection rate of GP and related pathologic data were analyzed. Results: It revealed that 3 858 patients had GP, with a detection rate of 10.47%. In patients over 60 years old, 1 534 patients were diagnosed as having GP, with a detection rate of 14.75%. Compared with patients in other age groups (<30, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 years), the constituent ratio of patients with GP diameter ≥2.0 was higher（1.8%）（P<0.05）, so was with adenomatous polyps (1.9%) and with intraepithelial neoplasia (2.9%)（P<0.05). The only three cases with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia were all ≥60 years old. Besides, the constituent ratio of patients ≥60 years old with atrophic gastritis and with intestinal metaplasia were 22.4% and 34.0%, respectively,which were higher than those of patients <60 years old. In contrast, GP patients ≥60 years old had a lower constituent ratio of Helicobacter pylori infection (15.1%), lower than that of patients under 60 years old (P<0.01). Conclusions: In comparison with the population <60 years old, population ≥60 had a higher detection rate of GP. GP patients of ≥60 years old had higher proportion of polyps diameter greater than 2 cm, adenomatous polyps, intraepithelial neoplasia, atrophic gastritis, and intestinal metaplasia. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the detection and pathology examination of GP in elderly patients. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Lung cancer worldwide and in China from 1990 to 2020: prevalence and prevention measures WANG Zezhou, ZHENG Ying Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (01): 1-7.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.01.001 Abstract （2212）   HTML （58）    PDF（pc） （946KB）（3668）       Knowledge map    Save From 1990 to 2020, the number of newly diagnosed cases of lung cancer in the world continued to grow, but the prevalence remained stable. As time went, the incidence （world standard incidence, adjusted with age structure of world population） of lung cancer changed in gender, region, age, and histological type. The difference between male and female in incidence continued to narrow, with male incidence declining by 12.5% and female incidence rising by 22.3%. There were obvious regional differences in the incidence of lung cancer. From 1998 to 2012, the incidence of male lung cancer in Europe, Asia and North America showed a downward trend (the average annual change percentages were -1.6%, -0.6% and -2.5%， respectively), while the incidence of female lung cancer showed a upward trend except North America. From 1998 to 2012, the average age of lung cancer patients in all regions of the world showed a trend of increasing year by year. The average age at diagnosis of lung cancer in Asian men increased from 67.21 years in 1998 to 69.14 years in 2012. Patterns of histological types of lung cancer have also changed. Since the early 1980s, the proportion of squamous cell lung cancer has declined. Since 2004, adenocarcinoma has become the most common histological type of lung cancer in the world. In 2020, China had the largest cases of newly diagnosed lung cancer in the world. From 1989 to 2008, urban-rural ratio of lung cancer incidence dropped from 2.07 to 1.14. In economically underdeveloped areas, the incidence of lung cancer was also rising, and the situation in some areas with high incidence of lung cancer had been controlled. China, as the largest tobacco producer and consumer country, has to be serious with the control of tobacco. Risk of lung cancer caused by environmental pollution is gradually lower. Controlling occupational exposure is also the key to preventing lung cancer in China, and establishing a mornitoring network for risk factors is the direction in future. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Review of Autonomous Decision-Making and Planning Techniques for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle CHENG Haoyu, ZHANG Shuo, LIU Tailai, XU Shengli, HUANG Hanqiao Air & Space Defense    2024, 7 (1): 6-15.   Abstract （784）      PDF（pc） （994KB）（3658）       Knowledge map    Save Facing the future with a highly dynamic, strong confrontation and rejection combat environment, intelligence level has become the core factor restricting the UAV mission/environment adaptability and combat effectiveness. Focusing on autonomous decision-making and planning technology, which is a difficult, rapidly updated and broad application prospect, the main research achievements and future development direction of autonomous decision-making and planning technology were reviewed. Firstly, the necessity of autonomous decision-making and planning technology research was elaborated based on the development and current situation of unmanned aerial vehicles. Secondly, this study summarized and analyzed the current research results of autonomous decision-making and planning technology. Finally, the development direction of autonomous decision-making and planning technology of UAVs was prospected. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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DNA methylation detection assists early screening and diagnosis of tumors LIU Yifei Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (04): 393-401.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.04.011 Abstract （1739）   HTML （41）    PDF（pc） （1010KB）（3340）       Knowledge map    Save DNA methylation is one of the most widely used indicator for early cancer screening. Under the influence of carcinogens, hypermethylation of the promoter region of tumor suppressor genes may lead to downregulation or silencing of gene expression, thereby activating the expression of proto-oncogenes and promoting tumorigenesis. The samples used for DNA methylation detection are mainly exfoliated cells, blood samples and paraffin-embedded tissues. Commonly used detection methods include: methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP), nucleic acid mass spectrometry, methylation chip, bisulfite sequencing, next-generation sequencing, etc. Compared with mutation detection, the advantages of DNA methylation detection are that it has higher tumor specificity, more detectable sites, higher signal quality, and can achieve tissue traceability. Currently, it is mainly used clinically for medication guidance for brain glioma, aid in diagnosis and high-risk triage for lung cancer, high-risk triage and recurrence monitoring for bladder cancer, high-risk triage for cervical cancer, and early screening and recurrence monitoring for colorectal cancer and gastric cancer. Before large-scale clinical routine application, accurately positioning of the application scenarios for DNA methylation detection must be considered. For well-tolerated endoscopy, the rigid need of DNA methylation detection for high-risk triage may be reduced. DNA methylation detection plays an important role in assisting in the diagnosis of tumors with low pathological diagnosis sensitivity, tumor monitoring and prognosis assessment. With the standardization of testing procedures and quality management, DNA methylation detection will be more widely used to improve the early screening and diagnostic sensitivity of tumors. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Interpretation of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Non-small Lung Cancer (version 4 and version 5) of 2022 National Comprehensive Cancer Nerwork(NCCN) CHEN Guoqun, CAI Jiaodi Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (01): 8-13.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.01.002 Abstract （1463）   HTML （37）    PDF（pc） （900KB）（3326）       Knowledge map    Save Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with approximately 1.8 million patients dying of lung cancer each year, accounting for 18.0% of all cancer deaths. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the main type of lung cancer and accounts for more than 85% of all lung cancer patients. In China, more than 700 000 new cases of lung cancer are diagnosed each year, and more than 600 000 patients die of lung cancer, accounting for 21.7% of all cancer deaths. In 2022, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) updated the guidelines for clinical diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. Compared with the third edition of the guidelines, the fourth edition of the guidelines added the reference significance of ERBB2 (HER2) mutation in the diagnosis and treatment of （NSCLC）. The updated content was mainly focused on the detection of HER2 mutation as a standard biomarker and the treatment of patients with HER2 mutation. The detection of HER2 mutation is recommended for patients with metastatic NSCLC. Fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan and trastuzumab emtansine are recommended as second-line treatment options for patients with HER2 mutation. However, both are in clinical trials in China. The treatment strategies for NSCLC patients with HER2 mutations need to be considered comprehensively in light of the actual situation, and more data from domestic trials are needed. The fifth edition of the guidelines expanded the use of nivolumab, marking new progress in the study of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Analysis of the Development of Foreign Small Loitering Munitions and Their Early Warning System Response Strategy LI Chao, LI Hao, SU Haoran Air & Space Defense    2023, 6 (3): 58-65.   Abstract （518）      PDF（pc） （1082KB）（3296）       Knowledge map    Save The use of small loitering munitions in the Armenia-Azerbaijan and the Russia-Ukraine conflicts has once again driven the interests of global military powers to develop loitering munitions. Taking foreign small loitering munitions as the main research object, this paper has discussed the development history of loitering munitions, including the development status of several typical small loitering munitions and their respective latest development of operational applications, and summarized and compared their performance parameters. According to the study of typical types of operational applications of small loitering munitions and their operational advantages, countermeasure suggestions were proposed for future early warning systems to cope with small loitering munitions operations, thus providing a reference for the construction and development of early warning systems. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Communication and Reception of the English Translations of “A Community with a Shared Future for Mankind” in English-speaking Countries: A Case Study of the G20 English Media XU Wensheng, FANG Shuoyu Contemporary Foreign Languages Studies    2020, 20 (4): 82-95.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2020.04.009 Abstract （948）   HTML （9）    PDF（pc） （2901KB）（3115）       Knowledge map    Save Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Time-Varying Delay and Quantization Error LI Bin (李 斌), WAN Yi-ming (万一鸣), YE Hao (叶 昊) Journal of shanghai Jiaotong University (Science)    2011, 16 (5): 513-518.   DOI: 10.1007/s12204-011-1181-9 Abstract （1994）      PDF（pc） （303KB）（3091）       Knowledge map    Save Abstract:  Problems related to fault detection of networked control systems (NCSs) with both uncertain time-varying delay and quantization error are studied in this paper. A novel model with the form of polytopic uncertainty is given to represent the influences of both the time-varying delay and the quantization error, and then the reference model based method is used to design the residual generator that is robust to both unknown network-induced delay and unknown inputs. A numerical example is also given to illustrate the merits of the presented method. The proposed method can be regarded as an extension of the authors' former work, which can only deal with time-varying delay. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Development of IT Industry in China in the New Age JIANG Ze-min Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University    Abstract （17591）            Knowledge map    Save The article explains the role and future trend of IT industry, and states that information technology represented by the internet and computers has brought about the third industrial revolution in history. An important impetus for economic growth in modern times, the IT industry has greatly promoted sustainable development and is profoundly changing mankind’s way of life and production. In discussing the development trend of world IT industry, the article suggests that with potential new breakthroughs in IT technology, the trend of agglomeration and integration of industries has become increasingly obvious, competition of intellectual properties and strandards is intensifying and ubiquitous networks is taking shape. It points out that China should bring into better play the role of IT industry as an “amplifier” in economic growth, a “transformer” in development mode and a “propeller” in industrial upgrading. It is important to follow a policy that emphasizes indepandent innovation, marketdriven approach, open and compatible technologies, integrated and comprehensive application, and serving both military and civil purposes, so that a quantum leap of IT industry will be achieved. China should advance industrialization with IT technologles and promote the IT industry in the course of industrialization in an effort to build an IT industry with Chinese characteristics. Greater efforts should be made to develop such core sectors as microelectronics, computer, software, key components and materials, as well as sectors with international competitiveness, including broadband mobile communication, nextgeneration network and information services. Continued improvement should be made in the policies guiding the development of IT industry with a view to making China a country with a strong IT industry by 2020. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research on the Progress of US Military Digital Transformation ZHANG Xue Air & Space Defense    2023, 6 (4): 12-16.   Abstract （1198）      PDF（pc） （639KB）（3029）       Knowledge map    Save Digital transformation is strategically required by military transformation. It’s critical to guarantee the reform of military concepts and plays an indispensable link in winning future wars using intelligent technology. To maintain the war advantage, the US military has been actively promoting its digital transformation during the transition of the fourth industrial revolution. This paper has studied the needs, development goals, significance, and implementation approaches of the digital transformation of the current US Army. Then, specific strategies to promote the digital transformation of China’s military were proposed by establishing standards and specifications, building data models, and personnel digital literacy. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Interpretation of the 5th edition of the WHO classification of haematolymphoid tumours on MDS and AML YE Xiangjun, LU Xingguo Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (05): 421-428.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.05.002 Abstract （1392）   HTML （45）    PDF（pc） （1392KB）（3020）       Knowledge map    Save In 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) proposed the 5th edition of the WHO Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours (referred to as the 5th ed. WHO classification) based on the accumulated research results and clinical application progress in related fields after the revised 4th Edition of the WHO classification. Myelodysplastic neoplasms/syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in the 5th ed. edition of the WHO classification. In practice in WHO classification has major changes from the revised 4th, it is of great significance for clinical disease diagnosis and treatment, as well as disease registration and scientific research. This article is interpreted based on the fifth edition of the classification published in the journal Leukemia and online ahead of print version on the official website of the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Fault Detection in Power Distribution Systems Based on Gated Recurrent Attention Network CHEN Haolan, JIN Bingying, LIU Yadong, QIAN Qinglin, WANG Peng, CHEN Yanxia, YU Xijuan, YAN Yingjie Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University    2024, 58 (3): 295-303.   DOI: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2022.091 Abstract （329）   HTML （12）    PDF（pc） （2938KB）（3012）       Knowledge map    Save To improve fault identification accuracy in power distribution systems, a model named gated recurrent attention network is proposed. First, a higher weight is put on the key cycles of fault phase based on the attention mechanism, making the model focus more on these key messages by weight assignment. Then, the gated recurrent network is adopted, which controls the memory transmission with gate signal and constructs the relationship between input waveform and probability of events at different stages to process the waveform sequence, thereby improving recognition accuracy. Experiments based on both simulation and field data show that the proposed method, under the small-sample-learning condition, is much better than other commonly-used classification models, such as support vector machine, gradient boosting decision tree, and convolutional neural network, providing new insights into fault identification technology in power distribution systems. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Joint Policy Optimization of Quality Control, Condition-Based Maintenance and Spare Ordering for a Degradation System HAN Mengying, MA Shugang, YANG Jianhua, LI Wei, MA Zhichao Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University    2024, 58 (3): 361-370.   DOI: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2022.356 Abstract （225）   HTML （8）    PDF（pc） （5697KB）（2883）       Knowledge map    Save A joint policy of quality control, condition-based maintenance and spare ordering is proposed for a degradation system subject to the delay time concept. First, considering the fact that product quality is largely dependent on system state, a two-stage inspection policy is proposed, in which the system state is detected during the initial deterioration process, but the product quality is checked after the defective state is found by an inspection. Then, based on the condition inspection information, quality information and failure information, the corresponding maintenance activity is chosen. Combining the state of the spare part when the system replacement is required, all possible events during an inspection interval are discussed and then a mathematical model of average cost rate is established. Afterwards, a simulation-based optimization approach coupling discrete event simulation and response surface methodology is devised to obtain a near optimal joint policy. Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed policy by comparing it with the comparative policy. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research progress on the mechanism of skin aging caused by ultraviolet radiation CHEN Heng, WANG Jue, ZHOU Xu Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (3): 382-.   Abstract （306）      PDF（pc） （992KB）（2809）       Knowledge map    Save Skin exposed to sunlight for a long period of time will have impaired function and even genetic material alteration， which is manifested by aging characteristics such as water loss， elasticity loss， wrinkle growth， melanin deposition and dryness. There are many ways to cause skin photoaging and the mechanism is complex， the ultraviolet light in sunlight has a particularly obvious effect on skin aging， the ultraviolet light that can act on the skin is divided into two kinds： UVA and UVB. They mainly act on the skin through five mechanisms that lead to photoaging： oxidative stress， damaging genetic material， changing the epidermal microbial community， destroying the function and structure of organelles， and reshaping the extracellular matrix （ECM）.In this paper， these five mechanisms were reviewed， and research directions and prospects in this field were proposed. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of elderly myelodysplastic neoplasm in China (2024) MDS Professional Committee of Hematology Branch of Chinese Geriatrics Society Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2024, 23 (03): 285-296.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2024.03.006 Abstract （1402）   HTML （77）    PDF（pc） （1106KB）（2802）       Knowledge map    Save Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of myeloid tumours originating from haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, with a high prevalence in the elderly. Epidemiological surveys in Europe and the United States have revealed that the incidence of MDS is (4-5)/100 000, which increases with age，and the median age at diagnosis of MDS patients reaches 73-76 years. In Shanghai, China, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2008 diagnostic criteria, the average incidence rate was 1.51/100 000, and the median age of onset of MDS was found to be 62 years old in a survey conducted in 3.9 million people from 2004 to 2007, of which about one-third of the patients would be transformed into acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and 53% of the patients would die due to infections, haemorrhages, or comorbidities triggered by cytopenias. Elderly MDS patients have their own characteristics in terms of both treatment choices and disease prognosis due to more comorbidities and weaker health. Clinical characteristics of elderly MDS patients include slightly higher white blood cell count, haemoglobin level and more bone marrow blasts than those of young patients, while neutrophil count and platelet count are significantly higher than those of young patients; the number of mutations in elderly MDS patients is higher, with an average of 1.8 mutations per patient, among which the mutations in ASXL1, TET2, SF3B1, STAG2, SRSF2 and TP53 are more common; while the number of mutations in younger patients averages 1.2 per person, among which U2AF1, ASXL1 and RUNX1 mutations are more common. Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is the only curative treatment for MDS, and myeloablative transplantation is feasible in young patients, but only reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) allo-HSCT can be performed in elderly patients.The natural course and prognosis of elderly MDS patients varies considerably, and the MDS Composite Prognostic Score, which is composed of the composite age (>70 years old), vulnerability index, and IPSS prognostic subgroups, is able to better predict the tolerance of chemotherapy and adverse treatment effects in MDS patients. This consensus is based on the latest evidence-based data in the study of MDS in the elderly at home and abroad, and has been discussed by the experts of the group, which aims to standardise the diagnosis and the whole management of treatment for elderly MDS patients in China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Review of Missile Structural Optimization Design for Additive Manufacturing KE Linda, ZHANG Xiaolong, CUI Zhe, GU Mingfeng, LAI Caifang, LIU Yong Air & Space Defense    2023, 6 (2): 28-34.   Abstract （544）      PDF（pc） （1107KB）（2779）       Knowledge map    Save With the development of AM (additive manufacturing) technology, the integration of innovative structure design and AM technology must be the critical direction of breakthrough development in missile development and structural design. This paper discussed the application of advanced additive manufacturing technology in missile structure optimization in three parts: the static design, the dynamic structure design and the coupling dynamics. Since the optimization of missile structure involves dynamic characteristics, aeroelasticity, mechanical-thermal coupling etc., relying on its unique advantages, AM technology can break through the traditional design mode and the processing bottleneck, and can further realize the lightweight, small size and functional integration of space weapon equipment. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Summary and interpretation of the World Health Organization “Global Report on Hypertension” ZHANG Dongyan, LI Yan Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2024, 23 (03): 297-304.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2024.03.007 Abstract （1626）   HTML （45）    PDF（pc） （945KB）（2708）       Knowledge map    Save In 2023, the World Health Organization (WHO) released the first document of “Global report on hypertension—The race against a silent killer”. which covers the global prevalence and management of hypertension, analyzes the mortality and disease burden caused by hypertension, explores the risk factors for hypertension, evaluates the cost-effectiveness of blood pressure treatment, and presents successful examples of hypertension management in many countries, especially the global implementation of the WHO-launched HEARTS project for hypertension control. Hypertension is a significant global public health challenge with severe health implications. Over the past 30 years, the number of people with hypertension (defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, or taking antihypertensive medication) has doubled, rising from 650 million in 1990 to 1.3 billion in 2019. Among the global hypertensive population aged 30-79, approximately 54% have been diagnosed, of which 42% are receiving antihypertensive treatment, and only 21% have controlled blood pressure. In 2019, elevated systolic pressure was responsible for over half of cardiovascular disease deaths globally. Increasing the global hypertension control rate to 50% could prevent 76 million deaths from 2023 to 2050. Population-level risk factors for hypertension include high salt and low potassium intake, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, and air pollution. WHO advocates for the prevention and control of hypertension through measures such as reducing dietary sodium intake, increasing potassium intake, limiting alcohol consumption, quitting smoking, increasing physical activity, and improving air quality. In terms of treatment, WHO guidelines recommend antihypertensive medication for individuals with systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg. For specific populations, it is also recommended to start antihypertensive treatment when systolic blood pressure is between 130-139 mmHg. The use of single-pill combination therapy is also advised to improve adherence and persistence in treatment. The prevalence and management of hypertension in China are also noteworthy. Hypertension is a major cause of mortality and disease burden in the Chinese population. By learning from global successes in hypertension management, China can enhance its efforts in the prevention, control, and monitoring of hypertension, particularly by promoting the application of the HEARTS technical package to improve hypertension management. This report aims to draw attention to major non-communicable diseases, particularly hypertension, as a public health challenge. Through detailed data analysis and successful case studies, the report underscores the importance of hypertension prevention and control, providing scientific evidence for policy-making across countries. This collective effort aims to achieve the global goal of a 25% relative reduction in uncontrolled hypertension prevalence by 2025 compared to 2010. This article will interpret briefly the reports based on the prevalence and management of hypertension in China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Review of Equipment Effectiveness Evaluation and Supporting Technologies SU Hongjia, LUO Yucheng, LIU Fei Air & Space Defense    2023, 6 (3): 29-38.   Abstract （905）      PDF（pc） （619KB）（2696）       Knowledge map    Save Operational effectiveness evaluation has been widely used in various weapon and equipment validation studies to assess the capability of specific operational mission objectives. This paper has provided a summarized analysis of the current problems and challenges. Then, it reviewed three categories of equipment system operational effectiveness evaluation methods: multi-attribute decision-making, complex networks, and machine learning algorithms. The research status of the above approaches was analyzed. In addition, this paper has summarized the supporting technologies for equipment system operational effectiveness evaluation, respectively, indicator reduction and optimization. Finally, according to the current research progress, expected research directions for future evaluation are proposed. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Advances in surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma HUANG Jiwei, QIU Guoteng, ZENG Yong Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice    2022, 27 (02): 113-118.   DOI: 10.16139/j.1007-9610.2022.02.005 Abstract （337）   HTML （3）    PDF（pc） （554KB）（2687）       Knowledge map    Save Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Ekphrasis in the Oral Tradition: The Mongolian Epic as an Example A Jingsi Contemporary Foreign Languages Studies    2023, 23 (5): 185-192.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2023.05.019 Abstract （247）   HTML （3）    PDF（pc） （1431KB）（2622）       Knowledge map    Save Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Urban Target Detection Algorithm Based on Multi-Modal Fusion of UAV WANG Jianyuan, CHEN Xiaotong, ZHANG Yue, SUN Junge, SHI Donghao, CHEN Jinbao Air & Space Defense    2024, 7 (1): 32-39.   Abstract （847）      PDF（pc） （1812KB）（2584）       Knowledge map    Save Using small drones to detect urban targets such as vehicles at low altitudes in cities has gradually become a mainstream means. Given the existing problems of low detection accuracy of single-mode detection networks affected by visible light detection, inability to work at night and the blurred edge of infrared detection targets in actual scenes, this paper has proposed a multi-modal UAV detection algorithm based on image fusion and deep learning network. Firstly, based on the DUT-VTUAV visible-infrared registration data set and TIF image fusion algorithm, a multi-mode fusion data set was built up. Secondly, by comparing the detection accuracy, speed and several parameters of the existing YOLO series network, the lightweight network YOLO v5n which was most suitable for the mobile deployment of UAVs was decided. Finally, a multi-modal fusion detection algorithm was produced by combining an image fusion algorithm and a target detection model. Comparative experiments on vehicle data sets successfully show that compared with single-mode detection, the detection accuracy of the proposed algorithm is effectively increased, with mAP up to 99.6%, and a set of visible-infrared image fusion detection can be completed within 0.3s, indicating the high real-time performance. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research Review of Hypervelocity Projectile by Electromagnetic Launch at Home and Abroad MA Xiaoping, LIAO Xin, CHEN Bing Air & Space Defense    2021, 4 (2): 87-92.   Abstract （748）      PDF（pc） （1615KB）（2557）       Knowledge map    Save In light of new-type weapon equipment in terminal defense-hypervelocity projectile (HVP) by electromagnetic launch, this paper first overviews the concept of electromagnetic rail gun, its system and working principle. Then the features of HVP by electromagnetic launch are analyzed. Based on this, foreign and domestic research status is reviewed. Besides, the key technologies to promote product serialization are discussed, among which includes multi-mode combined guidance, electromagnetic compatibility, etc. Finally, based on research achievements analysis related to HVP at home and abroad, this paper indicates that HVP will develop towards systemization, intellectualization, networking and coordination from product lifecycle management and general development model. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Global Space Security Situation Analysis and Development Proposal CHEN Ying, WEI Guoning, TANG Shengyong, KANG Zhiyu Air & Space Defense    2021, 4 (3): 99-104.   Abstract （1951）      PDF（pc） （5925KB）（2536）       Knowledge map    Save As a new frontier of human activity, space is threatened by asteroid, space debris and military contest, and space security is closely related to the common interests of all mankind. Focusing on the topic of space security situation, a new definition of space security is proposed in this paper from the perspective of space domain and application scenario. In addition, considering both man-made threats and natural threats, current situation and near future development of space security is analyzed. And then, the main challenges of space security situation are discussed, such as asteroid defense, debris removal and outer space arms control. Lastly, four proposals about the big issue of global space security improvement are presented, from the point of view of diplomacy, law, technology, culture. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）